Rapid appearance of histamine hypersensitivity in mice by minute dose of endotoxins

1975 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kuratsuka ◽  
R. Homma ◽  
Y. Shimazaki ◽  
I. Funasaka
Keyword(s):  
Minute Dose ◽  
Rapid Appearance

Studies on the Degradation of Human Fibrinogen by Plasmin and Trypsin

1966 ◽  
Vol 16 (03/04) ◽  
pp. 526-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A Beck ◽  
D. P Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Electrophoretic Mobility ◽  
Rapid Loss ◽  
Clotting System ◽  
Human Fibrinogen ◽  
Peptide Bonds ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Ph Stat ◽  
Rapid Appearance

SummaryThe effects of trypsin and plasmin on the functional and physicochemical properties of purified human fibrinogen were observed at various stages of proteolysis. Concentrations of plasmin and trypsin that produced fibrinogenolysis at comparable rates as measured in a pH stat produced, at similar rates, loss of precipitability of fibrinogen by heat and ammonium sulphate and alterations in electrophoretic mobility on starch gel. Trypsin produced a more rapid loss of clottability of fibrinogen and a more rapid appearance of inhibitors of the thrombin-fibrinogen clotting system than did plasmin. Consistent differences were noted between the effects of trypsin and plasmin on the immunoelectrophoretic properties of fibrinogen during the early stages of proteolysis.These results are consistent with the hypothesis that trypsin initially reacts with the same peptide bonds of fibrinogen that are split by thrombin, but these same bonds do not appear to be split initially by plasmin. Measurement of the various functional and physico-chemical changes produced by the action of trypsin and plasmin on fibrinogen can be used to recognize various stages of proteolysis.

Globalization and interconfessional communications

2001 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Serhii Viktorovych Svystunov
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The World ◽  
Target Set ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Rapid Appearance

In the 21st century, the world became a sign of globalization: global conflicts, global disasters, global economy, global Internet, etc. The Polish researcher Casimir Zhigulsky defines globalization as a kind of process, that is, the target set of characteristic changes that develop over time and occur in the modern world. These changes in general are reduced to mutual rapprochement, reduction of distances, the rapid appearance of a large number of different connections, contacts, exchanges, and to increase the dependence of society in almost all spheres of his life from what is happening in other, often very remote regions of the world.

Letters to the Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-141
Author(s):  
MARTHA L. LEPOW
Keyword(s):  
Skin Test ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
Mumps Vaccine ◽  
Rapid Appearance

The correspondent and his associates have demonstrated that a larger dose of mumps vaccine will be followed by more rapid appearance of antibody in a few subjects. Perhaps a more potent preparation would increase the likelihood of producing rapid protection. Their findings are interesting. We fail to see the relevance of these comments to our paper. The study reported had a limited objective; to see whether a previous skin test will invalidate a subsequent one. We were not attempting to produce immunity.

scholarly journals Expression of the neuropeptide SALMFamide-1 during regeneration of the seastar radial nerve cord following arm autotomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1901) ◽  
pp. 20182701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Byrne ◽  
Franca Mazzone ◽  
Maurice R. Elphick ◽  
Michael C. Thorndyke ◽  
Paula Cisternas
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Nerve Cord ◽  
Radial Nerve ◽  
Model System ◽  
Rapid Recovery ◽  
Nerve Stump ◽  
Rapid Access ◽  
Migratory Cells ◽  
Rapid Appearance

Arm loss through a separation at a specialized autotomy plane in echinoderms is inextricably linked to regeneration, but the link between these phenomena is poorly explored. We investigated nervous system regeneration post-autotomy in the asteriid seastar Coscinasterias muricata , focusing on the reorganization of the radial nerve cord (RNC) into the ectoneural neuroepithelium and neuropile, and the hyponeural region, using antibodies to the seastar-specific neuropeptide SALMFamide-1 (S1). Parallel changes in the associated haemal and coelomic vessels were also examined. A new arm bud appeared in 3–5 days with regeneration over three weeks. At the nerve stump and in the RNC immediately behind, the haemal sinus/hyponeural coelomic compartments enlarged into a hypertrophied space filled with migratory cells that appear to be involved in wound healing and regeneration. The haemal and coelomic compartments provided a conduit for these cells to gain rapid access to the regeneration site. An increase in the number of glia-like cells indicates the importance of these cells in regeneration. Proximal to the autotomy plane, the original RNC exhibited Wallerian-type degeneration, as seen in disorganized axons and enlarged S1-positive varicosities. The imperative to regrow lost arms quickly is reflected in the efficiency of regeneration from the autotomy plane facilitated by the rapid appearance of progenitor-like migratory cells. In parallel to its specialization for defensive arm detachment, the autotomy plane appears to be adapted to promote regeneration. This highlights the importance of examining autotomy-induced regeneration in seastars as a model system to study nervous system regeneration in deuterostomes and the mechanisms involved with the massive migration of stem-like cells to facilitate rapid recovery.

scholarly journals Role of neutrophils and α1-antitrypsin in coal- and silica-induced connective tissue breakdown

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (2) ◽  
pp. L269-L279 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Zay ◽  
S. Loo ◽  
C. Xie ◽  
D. V. Devine ◽  
J. Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Mineral Dusts ◽  
Methionine Residues ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Rapid Appearance

Mineral dusts produce emphysema, and administration of dust to rats results in the rapid appearance of desmosine and hydroxyproline in lavage fluid, confirming that dusts directly induce connective tissue breakdown. To examine the role of neutrophils and α1-antitrypsin (α1-AT) in this process, we instilled silica or coal into normal rats or rats that had been pretreated with antiserum against neutrophils. One day after dust exposure, lavage fluid neutrophils and desmosine and hydroxyproline levels were all elevated; treatment with antiserum against neutrophils reduced neutrophils by 75%, desmosine by 40–50%, and hydroxyproline by 25%. By 7 days, lavage fluid neutrophils and desmosine level had decreased, whereas macrophages and hydroxyproline level had increased. By ELISA analysis, lavage fluid α1-AT levels were increased four- to eightfold at both times. On Western blot, some of the α1-AT appeared as degraded fragments, and by HPLC analysis, 5–10% of the methionine residues were oxidized. At both times, lavage fluid exhibited considerably elevated serine elastase inhibitory capacity and also showed elevations in metalloelastase activity. We conclude that, in this model, connective tissue breakdown is initially driven largely by neutrophil-derived proteases and that markedly elevated levels of functional α1-AT do not prevent breakdown, thus providing in vivo support for the concept of quantum proteolysis proposed by Liou and Campbell (T. G. Liou and E. J. Campbell. Biochemistry 34: 16171–16177, 1995). Macrophage-derived proteases may be of increasing importance over time, especially in coal-treated animals.

Rapid appearance and onset of action of insulin aspart in paediatric subjects with type 1 diabetes

2000 ◽  
Vol 159 (7) ◽  
pp. 483-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik B. Mortensen ◽  
Anders Lindholm ◽  
Birthe S. Olsen ◽  
Birgitte Hylleberg
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Aspart ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Rapid Appearance

Maxillary sinus polyps secondary to dental extraction

2000 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 350-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Skladzień ◽  
J. A. Litwin ◽  
M. Nowogrodzka-Zagó ◽  
W. Wierzchowski
Keyword(s):  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Chronic Sinusitis ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Normal Surface ◽  
Squamous Cells ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Rapid Appearance

Polyps of the maxillary sinus were obtained from six patients who had reported upper tooth extraction with oroantral perforation prior to the development of symptoms, from 11 patients with chronic sinusitis, and from 12 patients with allergy. Histopathological features, scanning electron microscopy of the polyp epithelium and clinical data were compared in those groups of patients. The post-traumatic polyps differed from those of other aetiologies by showing the presence of granulomas, less numerous inflammatory cells with very few eosinophils, nearly normal surface epithelium (smaller surface area occupied by nonciliated epithelium, absence of epithelial squamous cells, normal frequence of goblet cells), rapid appearance of symptoms, and shorter duration of the disease. It seems that the specific characteristics of the injury-induced polyps results from a different mechanism of their formation, involving primarily abnormal mucosal repair and to a lesser extent an inflammatory process.

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