Modulation of lymphocyte activating factor activity (interleukin 1 like activity) and acute phase proteins in pertussis-induced air pouch inflammation by muramyl dipeptide

1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Sedgwick ◽  
R. E. Hooke ◽  
P. Lees ◽  
S. A. May
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Muramyl Dipeptide ◽  
Factor Activity ◽  
Air Pouch

Mechanisms and implications of hypoalbuminemia in head-injured patients

1988 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig J. McClain ◽  
Bernhard Hennig ◽  
Linda G. Ott ◽  
Simeon Goldblum ◽  
A. Byron Young
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Nutritional Support ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Endothelial Permeability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Head Injured ◽  
Injured Patients

✓ Severely head-injured patients are hypermetabolic/hypercatabolic and exhibit many aspects of the postinjury acute-phase response. These patients have hypoalbuminemia, hypozincemia, hypoferremia, hypercupria, fever, and increased synthesis of acute-phase proteins such as ceruloplasmin and higher C-reactive protein levels. It has been suggested that increased interleukin-1 (IL-1) in the ventricular fluid may be responsible, at least in part, for these metabolic abnormalities. In the present study, serum albumin levels were evaluated throughout an 18-day study period in 62 head-injured patients receiving aggressive nutritional support. Hypoalbuminemia (mean ± standard error of the mean 3.10 ± 0.2 gm/dl; normal value 3.5 to 5 gm/dl) was observed upon hospital admission; these albumin levels continued to decrease until 2 weeks postinjury, despite aggressive nutritional support. This hypoalbuminemia may be mediated via altered endothelial permeability properties due to endothelial cell dysfunction caused by cytokines such as IL-1. Transendothelial movement of albumin was assayed using a pulmonary artery endothelial cell culture system. Both a crude macrophage supernatant derived from a murine P388D cell line having IL-1 activity (mIL-1) and human recombinant IL-1 (rIL-1) were tested. The amount of albumin transferred was time- and concentration-dependent, with maximal transfer at 24 hours and 20 U of mIL-1 per 0.5 ml of culture medium. Endothelial permeability changes observed after incubation with mIL-1 were confirmed using rIL-1. Compared to control cultures, 20 U of rIL-1 and 20 U of mIL-1 increased albumin transfer across endothelial monolayers 205% and 459%, respectively. These findings suggest that the mechanism of hypoalbuminemia seen after severe head trauma can be explained in part by IL-1-induced endothelial cell injury, resulting in enhanced endothelial permeability to albumin.

scholarly journals Okadaic acid, an inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, inhibits induction of acute-phase proteins by interleukin-6 alone or in combination with interleukin-1 in human hepatoma cell lines

1992 ◽  
Vol 284 (3) ◽  
pp. 645-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
M K Ganapathi
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Okadaic Acid ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Protein Phosphatases ◽  
Hepatoma Cell ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
20 Nm

Okadaic acid (OA), a specific inhibitor of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, inhibited in a dose-dependent manner (5-20 nM) the induction of C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA) and fibrinogen by interleukin-6 (IL-6) plus interleukin-1 (IL-1), and of fibrinogen by IL-6 alone, in Hep 3B cells. Induction of alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor (alpha 1-PI) by IL-6 plus IL-1 or IL-6 alone was not significantly affected by OA up to concentrations of 20 nM, above which concentration OA was toxic in Hep 3B cells. OA also inhibited the induction of CRP, fibrinogen and alpha 1-PI by IL-6 in the NPLC/PRF/5 cell line, albeit at a higher concentration (80 nM). These results suggest that the signal transduction mechanisms regulating induction of acute-phase proteins by IL-6, either alone or in combination with IL-1, are mediated by activation of protein phosphatases 1 and/or 2A.

scholarly journals Complex analysis of genes involved in the inflammatory response: interleukin-1-induced differential transcriptome of cultured human hepatoma HepG2 cells.

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksander Koj ◽  
Jolanta Jura
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Characteristic Change ◽  
Human Hepatoma ◽  
Differential Display Analysis ◽  
Human Hepatoma Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Hepatoma Hepg2

The systemic inflammatory reaction (acute phase response) is induced by many noxious stimuli but in all cases the inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1-beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), are involved. Liver cell response to inflammation manifested by a characteristic change in the profile of synthesized plasma proteins (acute phase proteins) has been extensively studied. Here we describe a model system of cultured human hepatoma HepG2 cells stimulated with IL-1beta to evaluate the transcriptome induced by this cytokine during 24 h of treatment. By using differential display analysis we found IL-1beta-induced upregulation of several genes coding for cellular trafficking/motor proteins, proteins participating in the translation machinery or involved in posttranscription/posttranslation modifications, proteases, proteins involved in cellular metabolism, activity modulators, proteins of the cell cycle machinery and also some new proteins so far functionally not classified.

scholarly journals Human inter-α-inhibitor family in inflammation: simultaneous synthesis of positive and negative acute-phase proteins

1993 ◽  
Vol 292 (2) ◽  
pp. 485-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Daveau ◽  
P Rouet ◽  
M Scotte ◽  
L Faye ◽  
M Hiron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Liver Biopsies ◽  
Simultaneous Synthesis ◽  
Quantitative Changes

The inter-alpha-inhibitor (I alpha I) family encompasses four plasma proteins, namely free bikunin as well as I alpha I, pre-alpha-inhibitor (P alpha I) and inter-alpha-like inhibitor (I alpha LI). Each of the last three proteins is a distinct assembly of one bikunin chain with one or more unique heavy (H) chains designated H1, H2 and H3. The three H chains and the bikunin chain are encoded by four distinct mRNAs. These molecules and chains, as well as the corresponding mRNAs, were quantified in sera and liver biopsies from a series of patients with or without mild or severe acute infection. The decrease or increase observed for a given molecule or chain in the serum was in agreement with a similar change in the corresponding liver mRNA. In acute inflammation the H2 and bikunin chains are down-regulated and the relevant molecules (I alpha I, I alpha LI) behave as negative acute-phase proteins, whereas the H3 chain is up-regulated and the corresponding P alpha I molecule is a positive acute-phase protein. Also, P alpha I displays a higher-than-usual M(r); this is probably due to ligand binding. The H1 gene does not seem to be affected by the inflammatory condition. The quantitative changes in RNA levels seen in vivo were confirmed in vitro in the human hepatoma Hep3B cell line prior to or after induction with the acute-phase mediators interleukin-1 and/or -6. These results provide the first example in humans of positive and negative acute-phase proteins that are encoded by evolutionary related genes.

scholarly journals Role of acute-phase proteins in interleukin-1-induced nonspecific resistance to bacterial infections in mice.

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 2527-2533 ◽  
Author(s):  
M T Vogels ◽  
L Cantoni ◽  
M Carelli ◽  
M Sironi ◽  
P Ghezzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Nonspecific Resistance

Interleukin-1 and Acute Phase Proteins

Rheumatology ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol XXIV (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.T. Whicher
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Interleukin 1

scholarly journals Antiinflammatory properties of hepatic acute phase proteins: preferential induction of interleukin 1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist over IL-1 beta synthesis by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

1993 ◽  
Vol 178 (5) ◽  
pp. 1629-1636 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Tilg ◽  
E Vannier ◽  
G Vachino ◽  
C A Dinarello ◽  
J W Mier
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Blood Mononuclear Cells

This study was undertaken to determine whether acute phase proteins (APP) induce the synthesis of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and its specific antagonist, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). PBMC from healthy volunteers were incubated with C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT), or alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), and the levels of IL-1 beta and IL-1Ra produced were measured by specific radioimmunoassay. To evaluate the effects of alpha 1-AT further, a synthetic pentapeptide FVYLI corresponding to the minimal binding sequence for the serpine-enzyme complex receptor was also evaluated. PBMC incubated for 24 h with CRP, alpha 1-AT, or the pentapeptide FVYLI synthesized large quantities of IL-1Ra, 5-10-fold greater than the amount of IL-1 beta produced by these cells. AGP induced significantly less IL-1Ra than the other APP tested. These effects were shown to be specific, in that polyclonal antibodies against CRP, alpha 1-AT, and AGP eliminated the cytokine production induced by these respective proteins. CRP, alpha 1-AT, FVYLI, and AGP were synergistic with low concentrations of endotoxin in the induction of both IL-1Ra and IL-1 beta synthesis. We suggest that the preferential induction of IL-1Ra by APP may contribute to their antiinflammatory effects and provide an important regulatory signal for the acute phase response.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Effect of Tarantula cubensis Extract on Acute Phase Response

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Orhan Corum ◽  
Ayse Er ◽  
Burak Dik
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Interleukin 1 Beta ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Background: Tarantula cubensis alcoholic extract is used to accelerate wound healing and to relieve edema in many animal species. In addition, it may be useful for many infectious diseases. Considering to these effects, it is believe that these effects may be on immune system. Cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-10 and interferon gamma) secreted by immune cells and acute phase proteins (haptoglobin, alpha 1 acid glycoprotein, serum amyloid A) secreted by liver play role in acute phase response. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of Tarantula cubensis alcoholic extract on cytokine and acute phase protein levels in sheep.Materials, Methods & Results: Tarantula cubensis alcoholic extract (6 mL/sheep, subcutaneously, single dose) was administered to 6 healthy sheep. Blood samples were obtained before (0 h) and after treatments at 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h. Then, blood samples were centrifuged to obtain serum samples. Acute phase cytokines such as serum tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, interferon gamma and acute phase proteins such as haptoglobin, alpha 1 acid glycoprotein and serum amyloid-A concentrations were determined with commercially available kits on ELISA reader. Administration of Tarantula cubensis alcoholic extract caused fluctuations in tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, interferon gamma levels in sheep. In addition, levels of haptoglobin, alpha 1 acid glycoprotein, serum amyloid A showed fluctuations. But, these fluctuations in acute phase cytokines and acute phase proteins were not statistically significant (P > 0.05).Discussion: Tarantula cubensis alcoholic extract, homeopathic medicine, is used trauma, retentio secundinarium, tendinitis, bluetongue, foot and mouth, metritis and arthritis in many animal species including sheep. Cytokines, secreted against various stimulus including infectious diseases, play role in wound healing and in the regulation of the immune system. In current study, administration of Tarantula cubensis alcoholic extract lead to fluctuations in tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-10 and interferon gamma levels, but these changes were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Non-statistical fluctuations in cytokines result from inadequate immunological response of sheep against to Tarantula cubensis alcoholic extract. Also, use of molecular analysis techniques may be changed these results. Acute phase proteins are significantly secreted from the liver during the acute phase response. In current study, administration of Tarantula cubensis alcoholic extract in sheep caused non-statistifical fluctuations on haptoglobin, alpha 1 acid glycoprotein and serum amyloid A levels (P > 0.05). Tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 beta stimulate synthesis of interleukin-6. Interleukin-6 provides synthesis of acute phase proteins in liver. Non-statistical fluctuations in acute phase proteins result from inadequate stimulus of IL-6. In conclusion, it may be stated that administration of Tarantula cubensis alcoholic extract has no distinctive effect on the acute phase response. However, when Tarantula cubensis alcoholic extract is administered repeated times or other acute phase parameters are evaluated, different results may be observed.

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