Science and values in risk assessment: The case of deliberate release of genetically engineered organisms

1996 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soemini Kasanmoentalib
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Science And Values ◽  
Deliberate Release ◽  
Genetically Engineered Organisms

Theoretical Issues in the Regulation of Genetically Engineered Organisms: The Case of Deliberate Release

1989 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal Kawar ◽  
Richard Sherlock
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
Deliberate Release ◽  
Timely Fashion ◽  
Genetically Engineered Organisms ◽  
Theoretical Issues ◽  
Risk Assessment And Management

At the cutting edge of research in biotechnology is the production of special genetically engineered organisms for use in an open, agricultural environment. We argue that the standard approaches to risk assessment and management employed by regulatory agencies are inadequate to the task of properly assessing the advisability of such experiments, as well as the even more significant prospect of widespread commercial use of genetically engineered organisms in agriculture. Given the current lack of sufficient information with which to make competent assessments of the risks involved and the extreme difficulties which are likely to inhibit attempts to gain such information in a timely fashion, we conclude that a compelling case for deliberate release programs has not been made.

Problem Formulation and Option Assessment (PFOA) Linking Governance and Environmental Risk Assessment for Technologies: A Methodology for Problem Analysis of Nanotechnologies and Genetically Engineered Organisms

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 732-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen C. Nelson ◽  
David A. Andow ◽  
Michael J. Banker
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Assessment ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Problem Formulation ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Problem Analysis ◽  
Cartagena Protocol On Biosafety ◽  
Living Modified Organisms ◽  
Genetically Engineered Organisms

Societal evaluation of new technologies, specifically nanotechnology and genetically engineered organisms (GEOs), challenges current practices of governance and science. When a governing body is confronted by a technology whose use has potential environmental risks, some form of risk analysis is typically conducted to help decision makers consider the range of possible benefits and harms posed by the technology. Environmental risk assessment (ERA) is a critical component in the governance of nanotechnology and genetically engineered organisms because the uncertainties and complexities surrounding these technologies pose such risk potential. However, GEOs are unique technologies, and there is widespread, international recognition (e.g., the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety of Living Modified Organisms) that many traditional forms of ERA are not well-suited for evaluating them. Nanotechnology products are also likely to need different models of risk assessment, as there is very little information on their fate, transport, and impacts in the environment.

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