Nitrogenase activity in a transfilter culture of rhizobia with a non-leguminous plant callus culture: Transfer of fixed15N2 from bacteria toPortulaca callus

1980 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 1386-1387 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Lustig ◽  
W. Plischke ◽  
D. Hess
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Leguminous Plant ◽  
Transfilter Culture

scholarly journals The rhizobial type III effector ErnA confers the ability to form nodules in legumes

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (43) ◽  
pp. 21758-21768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albin Teulet ◽  
Nicolas Busset ◽  
Joël Fardoux ◽  
Djamel Gully ◽  
Clémence Chaintreuil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Leguminous Plant ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Effector Gene ◽  
Effector Genes

Several Bradyrhizobium species nodulate the leguminous plant Aeschynomene indica in a type III secretion system-dependent manner, independently of Nod factors. To date, the underlying molecular determinants involved in this symbiotic process remain unknown. To identify the rhizobial effectors involved in nodulation, we mutated 23 out of the 27 effector genes predicted in Bradyrhizobium strain ORS3257. The mutation of nopAO increased nodulation and nitrogenase activity, whereas mutation of 5 other effector genes led to various symbiotic defects. The nopM1 and nopP1 mutants induced a reduced number of nodules, some of which displayed large necrotic zones. The nopT and nopAB mutants induced uninfected nodules, and a mutant in a yet-undescribed effector gene lost the capacity for nodule formation. This effector gene, widely conserved among bradyrhizobia, was named ernA for “effector required for nodulation-A.” Remarkably, expressing ernA in a strain unable to nodulate A. indica conferred nodulation ability. Upon its delivery by Pseudomonas fluorescens into plant cells, ErnA was specifically targeted to the nucleus, and a fluorescence resonance energy transfer–fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy approach supports the possibility that ErnA binds nucleic acids in the plant nuclei. Ectopic expression of ernA in A. indica roots activated organogenesis of root- and nodule-like structures. Collectively, this study unravels the symbiotic functions of rhizobial type III effectors playing distinct and complementary roles in suppression of host immune functions, infection, and nodule organogenesis, and suggests that ErnA triggers organ development in plants by a mechanism that remains to be elucidated.

scholarly journals PENGARUH ELISITOR Al3+ TERHADAP AKUMULASI DAIDZEIN DAN GENISTEIN PADA KALUS Phaseolus vulgaris L. Dan Phaseolus aureus Roxb.

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Dewi ◽  
W. Widoretno ◽  
Warsito Warsito
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Callus Culture ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Callus Growth ◽  
Leguminous Plant ◽  
Phaseolus Aureus ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Main Compound

The Estrogen was very beneficial hormone for men and women. Isoflavon compound was natural estrogen source which contain three main compound in chemical form, the aglycones, daidzein and genistein. They were found only 0,25% on plant, exclusively on leguminous plant. An alternative method have been required to overcome these problem, for example, through plant cell culture technic with heavy metal elicitor. The aims of this research were to study the effect of various concentration of Al3+ elicitor and age of culture for callus growth and accumulation of daidzein and genistein from in vitro Phaseolus vulgaris L. And Phaseolus aureus Roxb callus culture. Stable plant callus culture were established and subculture for three times approximately 4 weeks. The calli were elicitated by Al3+ elicitor with 0, 50, 150, 300 µM concentrations and incubated on 4, 6, and 8 weeks. Qualitative data were determined based in changed calli colour, TLC plate and value of Rf. Quantitative data were determined based in fresh and dry weight of the calli and the content of daidzein and genistein compound. Quantitative data were analized using Anova and continued with DMRT 95%.  The results showed that the callus growth more influenced by age of culture. The sixth weeks led to higher fresh and dry weight. The Colour of Calli had been changed from white yellowness become brown at the eighth weeks. The texture of Calli have no difference between control and treatment of elicitor, that was friable until the end of treatment. The Calli with addition of elicitor Al3+ with 150 µM concentrations had significantly highest of fresh weight than control, they were over 0,463 g. The Content of daidzein and genistein on Phaseolus vulgaris L. had significantly increased in addition of Al3+ elicitor with 150 µM concentration. But, the content of daidzein and genistein on Phaseolus aureus Roxb. had significantly increased in addition of Al3+ elicitor with 300 µM concentration.   Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris L., Phaseolus aureus Roxb., elicitor Al3+, Daidzein, Genistein, Callus Growth.

Antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic activity of Tephrosia purpurea callus culture

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mujeeb ◽  
M Aqil ◽  
AK Najmi ◽  
M Akhtar ◽  
N Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
Tephrosia Purpurea ◽  
Antihyperlipidemic Activity

LEGUMINOUS PLANTS, CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY AND ADVANTAGES// Actual Problems of Applied Sciences Journal World, 3(13), 2019/ Chief Editor Markus Hemmer: Open European Academy of Public Sciences (OEAPS Inc.). Barcelona, Spain, 2019. PP.16-18.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khurshida Salavatova
Keyword(s):  
Applied Sciences ◽  
Chief Editor ◽  
Leguminous Plant ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
European Academy ◽  
Cultivation Technology

The article covers agrotechnology of cultivation of herbicides in theKhorezm region and raising the fertility of the leguminous plant,which is a leguminous plant and the solution of the problem ofprotein deficiency consumed by the population.

Insecticidal Active Rotenoids from Plant Parts and Callus Culture of Medicago sativa L. from a Semiarid Region of India (Rajasthan)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 937-941
Author(s):  
Sharad Vats ◽  
Preeti Mehra
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Callus Culture ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Disease Vectors ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

Background: Vector-borne diseases are quite prevalent globally and are one of the major causes of deaths due to infectious diseases. There is an availability of synthetic insecticides, however, their excessive and indiscriminate use have resulted in the emergence of resistant varieties of insects. Thus, a search for novel biopesticide has become inevitable. Methods: Rotenoids were isolated and identified from different parts of Medicago sativa L. This group of metabolites was also identified in the callus culture, and the rotenoid content was monitored during subculturing for a period of 10 months. Enhancement of the rotenoid content was evaluated by feeding precursors in a tissue culture medium. Results: Four rotenoids (elliptone, deguelin, rotenone and Dehydrorotenone) were identified, which were confirmed using spectral and chromatographic techniques. The maximum rotenoid content was found in the seeds (0.33±0.01%), followed by roots (0.31±0.01%) and minimum in the aerial parts (0.20±0.05%). A gradual decrease in the rotenoid content was observed with the ageing of subcultured tissue maintained for 10 months. The production of rotenoids was enhanced up to 2 folds in the callus culture using amino acids, Phenylalanine and Methionine as precursors as compared to the control. The LC50 value of the rotenoids was found to be 91 ppm and 162 ppm against disease vectors of malaria and Dracunculiasis, respectively. Conclusion: The study projects M. sativa as a novel source of biopesticide against the disease vectors of malaria and Dracunculiasis. The use of precursors to enhance the rotenoid content in vitro can be an effective venture from a commercial point of view.

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