H2S as sulfur source inLemna minor L.: II. Direct incorporation into cysteine and inhibition of sulfate assimilation

1975 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 508-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chr Brunold ◽  
K. H. Erismann
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Source ◽  
Sulfate Assimilation ◽  
Direct Incorporation

Effects of Thiosulfate as a Sulfur Source on Plant Growth, Metabolites Accumulation and Gene Expression in Arabidopsis and Rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1683-1701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takatsugu Nakajima ◽  
Yusuke Kawano ◽  
Iwao Ohtsu ◽  
Akiko Maruyuama-Nakashita ◽  
Alaa Allahham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Source ◽  
Sulfate Assimilation ◽  
Targeted Metabolomics ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Widely Targeted Metabolomics ◽  
Sulfate Metabolism ◽  
Lower Biomass ◽  
Reduced State

Abstract Plants are considered to absorb sulfur from their roots in the form of sulfate. In bacteria like Escherichia coli, thiosulfate is a preferred sulfur source. It is converted into cysteine (Cys). This transformation consumes less NADPH and ATP than sulfate assimilation into Cys. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, thiosulfate promoted growth more than sulfate. In the present study, the availability of thiosulfate, the metabolite transformations and gene expressions it induces were investigated in Arabidopsis and rice as model dicots and monocots, respectively. In Arabidopsis, the thiosulfate-amended plants had lower biomass than those receiving sulfate when sulfur concentrations in the hydroponic medium were above 300 μM. In contrast, rice biomass was similar for plants raised on thiosulfate and sulfate at 300 μM sulfur. Therefore, both plants can use thiosulfate but it is a better sulfur source for rice. In both plants, thiosulfate levels significantly increased in roots following thiosulfate application, indicating that the plants absorbed thiosulfate into their root cells. Thiosulfate is metabolized in plants by a different pathway from that used for sulfate metabolism. Thiosulfate increases plant sulfide and cysteine persulfide levels which means that plants are in a more reduced state with thiosulfate than with sulfate. The microarray analysis of Arabidopsis roots revealed that 13 genes encoding Cys-rich proteins were upregulated more with thiosulfate than with sulfate. These results together with those of the widely targeted metabolomics analysis were used to proposes a thiosulfate assimilation pathway in plants.

scholarly journals The Complete Pathway for Thiosulfate Utilization inSaccharomyces cerevisiae

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigang Chen ◽  
Xi Zhang ◽  
Huanjie Li ◽  
Huaiwei Liu ◽  
Yongzhen Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Sulfite Reductase ◽  
Sulfur Source ◽  
Baker's Yeast ◽  
Sulfate Assimilation ◽  
Cysteine Synthase ◽  
Industrial Fermentation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Common ◽  
Assimilation System

ABSTRACTSaccharomyces cerevisiaeis known to grow with thiosulfate as a sulfur source, and it produces more ethanol when using thiosulfate than using sulfate. Here, we report how it assimilates thiosulfate.S. cerevisiaeabsorbed thiosulfate into the cell through two sulfate permeases, Sul1 and Sul2. Two rhodaneses, Rdl1 and Rdl2, converted thiosulfate to a persulfide and sulfite. The persulfide was reduced by cellular thiols to H2S, and sulfite was reduced by sulfite reductase to H2S. Cysteine synthase incorporated H2S intoO-acetyl-l-homoserine to producel-homocysteine, which is the precursor for cysteine and methionine inS. cerevisiae. Several other rhodaneses replaced Rdl1 and Rdl2 for thiosulfate utilization in the yeast. Thus, any organisms with the sulfate assimilation system potentially could use thiosulfate as a sulfur source, since rhodaneses are common in most organisms.IMPORTANCEThe complete pathway of thiosulfate assimilation in baker's yeast is determined. The finding reveals the extensive overlap between sulfate and thiosulfate assimilation. Rhodanese is the only additional enzyme for thiosulfate utilization. The common presence of rhodanese in most organisms, includingBacteria,Archaea, andEukarya, suggests that most organisms with the sulfate assimilation system also use thiosulfate. Since it takes less energy to reduce thiosulfate than sulfate for assimilation, thiosulfate has the potential to become a choice of sulfur in optimized media for industrial fermentation.

Direct incorporation of [ 18F] into aliphatic systems: A promising Mncatalysed labelling technique for PET imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Cesarec ◽  
Jonathan A. Robson ◽  
Laurence S. Carroll ◽  
Eric O. Aboagye ◽  
Alan C. Spivey
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Labelling Technique ◽  
Porphyrin Complex ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Drug Substances ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Site Selective ◽  
Direct Incorporation

Background: One of the challenges in positron emission tomography (PET) is labelling complex aliphatic molecules. Objective: To develop a method of metal-catalysed radiofluorination that is site-selective and works in moderate to good yields under facile conditions. Methods: We report here on the optimisation of an aliphatic C-H to C-18F bond transformation catalysed by a Mn(porphyrin) complex. Results: The successful oxidation of 11 aliphatic molecules including progesterone are reported. Radiochemical Incorporations (RCIs) up to 69% were achieved within 60 min without the need for pre-activation or specialist equipment. Conclusion: The method features mild conditions (60 °C) and promises to constitute a valuable approach to labelling of biomolecules and drug substances.

I2 Promoted Synthesis of 2-Aminothiadiazoles Employing KSCN as a Sulfur Source Under Metal-Free Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (38) ◽  
pp. 6561-6565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuyuan Zhu ◽  
Zhaohua Yan ◽  
Chengmei Ai ◽  
Yanmei Wang ◽  
Sen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Source ◽  
Metal Free

Concomitant induction to few-layer and 1T-rich two-dimensional MoS2 by rigid segment-containing polysulfide as a sulfur source and in situ intercalator

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yijuan Wang ◽  
Jianzhi Wang ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Zhuangwei Xiao ◽  
Yanan Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Source ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Rigid Segment

A rigid segment-containing polysulfide was used as a sulfur source and in situ intercalator to induce the formation of few-layer and 1T-rich MoS2.

scholarly journals Laboratory Test to Evaluate the Resistance of Cementitious Materials to Biodeterioration in Sewer Network Conditions

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 686
Author(s):  
Amr Aboulela ◽  
Matthieu Peyre Lavigne ◽  
Amaury Buvignier ◽  
Marlène Fourré ◽  
Maud Schiettekatte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Aluminate ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Sulfur Source ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Wide Range

The biodeterioration of cementitious materials in sewer networks has become a major economic, ecological, and public health issue. Establishing a suitable standardized test is essential if sustainable construction materials are to be developed and qualified for sewerage environments. Since purely chemical tests are proven to not be representative of the actual deterioration phenomena in real sewer conditions, a biological test–named the Biogenic Acid Concrete (BAC) test–was developed at the University of Toulouse to reproduce the biological reactions involved in the process of concrete biodeterioration in sewers. The test consists in trickling a solution containing a safe reduced sulfur source onto the surface of cementitious substrates previously covered with a high diversity microbial consortium. In these conditions, a sulfur-oxidizing metabolism naturally develops in the biofilm and leads to the production of biogenic sulfuric acid on the surface of the material. The representativeness of the test in terms of deterioration mechanisms has been validated in previous studies. A wide range of cementitious materials have been exposed to the biodeterioration test during half a decade. On the basis of this large database and the expertise gained, the purpose of this paper is (i) to propose a simple and robust performance criterion for the test (standardized leached calcium as a function of sulfate produced by the biofilm), and (ii) to demonstrate the repeatability, reproducibility, and discriminability of the test method. In only a 3-month period, the test was able to highlight the differences in the performances of common cement-based materials (CEM I, CEM III, and CEM V) and special calcium aluminate cement (CAC) binders with different nature of aggregates (natural silica and synthetic calcium aluminate). The proposed performance indicator (relative standardized leached calcium) allowed the materials to be classified according to their resistance to biogenic acid attack in sewer conditions. The repeatability of the test was confirmed using three different specimens of the same material within the same experiment and the reproducibility of the results was demonstrated by standardizing the results using a reference material from 5 different test campaigns. Furthermore, developing post-testing processing and calculation methods constituted a first step toward a standardized test protocol.

Hedgehog-like Bi2S3 nanostructures: a novel composite soft template route to the synthesis and sensitive electrochemical immunoassay of the liver cancer biomarker

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (14) ◽  
pp. 1766-1769
Author(s):  
Jiawen Cao ◽  
Pu Ouyang ◽  
Suhua Yu ◽  
Feng Shi ◽  
Chuanli Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Cancer Biomarker ◽  
Soft Template ◽  
Sulfur Source ◽  
Electrochemical Immunoassay

A new route was proposed to synthesize novel hedgehog-like Bi2S3nanostructure using CTAB-trimellitic acid as a composite soft template and thiourea as the sulfur source, which was used  to construct an effective electrochemical AFP immunosensor.

scholarly journals Physiological and Proteomic Dissection of the Responses of Two Contrasting Wheat Genotypes to Nitrogen Deficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rezaul Karim ◽  
Ruonan Wang ◽  
Lu Zheng ◽  
Xiaoying Dong ◽  
Renfang Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Toxicity ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiency ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
Sulfate Assimilation ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Proteomics Analysis ◽  
Tetrapyrrole Synthesis ◽  
Adaptive Processes ◽  
Physiological Indexes ◽  
N Deficiency

Nitrogen deficiency usually occurs along with aluminum toxicity in acidic soil, which is one of the major constraints for wheat production worldwide. In order to compare adaptive processes to N deficiency with different Al-tolerant wheat cultivars, we chose Atlas 66 and Scout 66 to comprehensively analyze the physiological responses to N deficiency, coupled with label-free mass spectrometry-based proteomics analysis. Results showed that both cultivars were comparable in most physiological indexes under N deficient conditions. However, the chlorophyll content in Scout 66 was higher than that of Atlas 66 under N deficiency. Further proteomic analysis identified 5592 and 5496 proteins in the leaves of Atlas 66 and Scout 66, respectively, of which 658 and 734 proteins were shown to significantly change in abundance upon N deficiency, respectively. The majority of the differentially expressed proteins were involved in cellular N compound metabolic process, photosynthesis, etc. Moreover, tetrapyrrole synthesis and sulfate assimilation were particularly enriched in Scout 66. Our findings provide evidence towards a better understanding of genotype-dependent responses under N deficiency which could help us to develop N efficient cultivars to various soil types.

scholarly journals Muslim Personal Laws and the Accommodation of Minorities: The Need to Better Balance Individual Rights and Group Autonomy in Singapore

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1079-1095
Author(s):  
Noor Aisha Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Minority Community ◽  
Muslim Minority ◽  
The Right ◽  
Personal Law ◽  
Muslim Minorities ◽  
Direct Incorporation

AbstractThe accommodation of religious personal law systems is an issue that has arisen in many countries with significant Muslim minorities. The types of accommodations can range from direct incorporation into the state legal system to mere recognition of religious tribunals as private organs. Different forms of accommodation raise different types of legal, social, and political issues. Focusing on the case of Singapore, I examine one form of accommodation which entails the direct incorporation of this law regulating marriage, divorce, and inheritance for Muslims into the state system. Administered by the Administration of the Muslim Law Act, 1966, the Muslim law binds Muslims unless they abjure Islam. The resulting pluralistic legal system is deemed necessary to realize the aspirations of and give respect to the Muslim minority community, the majority of whom are constitutionally acknowledged as indigenous to the country. This Article examines the ramifications of this arrangement on the rights and well-being of members of this community in the context of change. It argues that, while giving autonomy to the community to determine its personal law and advancing group accommodation, the arrangement denies individuals the right to their choice of law, a problem exacerbated by traditionalism and the lack of democratic process in this domain. Consequently, the Muslim law pales in comparison to the civil law for non-Muslims. The rise of religious resurgence since the 1970s has but compounded the problem. How the system can accommodate the Muslim personal law without compromising the rights of individual Muslims is also discussed.

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