Difference in mechanical properties of adjacent sarcomeres in single striated muscle fibres of the horseshoe crab (Tachypleus gigas)

1975 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Hwang ◽  
Y. M. Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Horseshoe Crab ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fibres

Linear electrical properties of striated muscle fibres observed with intracellular electrodes

1964 ◽  
Vol 160 (978) ◽  
pp. 69-123 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Surface Membrane ◽  
Fibre Surface ◽  
Step Function ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Current Application ◽  
Current Path ◽  
Wide Range

The linear electrical properties of muscle fibres have been examined using intracellular electrodes for a. c. measurements and analyzing observations on the basis of cable theory. The measurements have covered the frequency range 1 c/s to 10 kc/s. Comparison of the theory for the circular cylindrical fibre with that for the ideal, one-dimensional cable indicates that, under the conditions of the experiments, no serious error would be introduced in the analysis by the geometrical idealization. The impedance locus for frog sartorius and crayfish limb muscle fibres deviates over a wide range of frequencies from that expected for a simple model in which the current path between the inside and the outside of the fibre consists only of a resistance and a capacitance in parallel. A good fit of the experimental results on frog fibres is obtained if the inside-outside admittance is considered to contain, in addition to the parallel elements R m = 3100 Ωcm 2 and C m = 2.6 μF/cm 2 , another path composed of a resistance R e = 330 Ωcm 2 in series with a capacitance C e = 4.1 μF/cm 2 , all referred to unit area of fibre surface. The impedance behaviour of crayfish fibres can be described by a similar model, the corresponding values being R m = 680 Ωcm 2 , C m = 3.9 μF/cm 2 , R e = 35 Ωcm 2 , C e = 17 μF/cm 2 . The response of frog fibres to a step-function current (with the points of voltage recording and current application close together) has been analyzed in terms of the above two-time constant model, and it is shown that neglecting the series resistance would have an appreciable effect on the agreement between theory and experiment only at times less than the halftime of rise of the response. The elements R m and C m are presumed to represent properties of the surface membrane of the fibre. R e and C e are thought to arise not at the surface, but to be indicative of a separate current path from the myoplasm through an intracellular system of channels to the exterior. In the case of crayfish fibres, it is possible that R e (when referred to unit volume) would be a measure of the resistivity of the interior of the channels, and C e the capacitance across the walls of the channels. In the case of frog fibres, it is suggested that the elements R e , C e arise from the properties of adjacent membranes of the triads in the sarcoplasmic reticulum . The possibility is considered that the potential difference across the capacitance C e may control the initiation of contraction.

scholarly journals Myosin heavy-chain composition in striated muscle after tenotomy

1992 ◽  
Vol 282 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Jakubiec-Puka ◽  
C Catani ◽  
U Carraro
Keyword(s):  
Myosin Heavy Chain ◽  
Heavy Chain ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Slow Muscle ◽  
Fast Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Tendon Regeneration ◽  
Adult Muscle ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscles

The myosin heavy-chain (MHC) isoform pattern was studied by biochemical methods in the slow-twitch (soleus) and fast-twitch (gastrocnemius) muscles of adult rats during atrophy after tenotomy and recovery after tendon regeneration. The tenotomized slow muscle atrophied more than the tenotomized fast muscle. During the 12 days after tenotomy the total MHC content decreased by about 85% in the slow muscle, and only by about 35% in the fast muscle. In the slow muscle the ratio of MHC-1 to MHC-2A(2S) remained almost unchanged, showing that similar diminution of both isoforms occurs. In the fast muscle the MHC-2A/MHC-2B ratio decreased, showing the loss of MHC-2A mainly. After tendon regeneration, the slow muscle recovered earlier than the fast muscle. Full recovery of the muscles was not observed until up to 4 months later. The embryonic MHC, which seems to be expressed in denervated adult muscle fibres, was not detected by immunoblotting in the tenotomized muscles during either atrophy or recovery after tendon regeneration. The influence of tenotomy and denervation on expression of the MHC isoforms is compared. The results show that: (a) MHC-1 and MHC-2A(2S) are very sensitive to tenotomy, whereas MHC-2B is much less sensitive; (b) expression of the embryonic MHC in adult muscle seems to be inhibited by the intact neuromuscular junction.

scholarly journals Development ofTrichosomoides nasalis(Nematoda: Trichinelloidea) in the murid host: evidence for larval growth in striated muscle fibres

Parasite ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
E.H. Fall ◽  
M. Diagne ◽  
K. Junker ◽  
J.M. Duplantier ◽  
K. Ba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Muscle Fibres

The Dogfish Neuromuscular Junction: Dual Innervation of Vertebrate Striated Muscle Fibres?

1972 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 657-665
Author(s):  
Q. BONE
Keyword(s):  
Neuromuscular Junction ◽  
Nerve Terminal ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Dense Core ◽  
The Other ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Nerve Terminals ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Motor End Plate

In the myotomal muscles of the dogfish, Scyliorhinu canicula, there are 2 major types of fibre. The red fibres at the periphery of the myotome receive a distributed en grappe pattern of innervation. There are subjunctional folds at these endings, and the nerve terminals contain vesicles around 50 nm in diameter. In contrast to this, the white twitch fibres of the myotome are innervated focally, by 2 nerve fibres passing to the same motor end-plate. These 2 fibres contain vesicles of different types. One type of nerve terminal contains vesicles around 50 nm in diameter; these terminals resemble those upon the red fibres. The other contains vesicles up to 100 nm in diameter, frequently possessing a dense core. It is suggested that the white twitch fibres of dogfish are innervated by 2 separate axons, possibly containing different transmitter substances.

Motor Control of Tail Spine Rotation of the Horseshoe Crab, Limulus Polyphemus

1973 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-625
Author(s):  
GERALD E. SILVEY
Keyword(s):  
Firing Pattern ◽  
Horseshoe Crab ◽  
Limulus Polyphemus ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Single Muscle ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Clockwise Rotation ◽  
Motor Programs ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Large Neurons

1. Limulus polyphemus (L.), the horseshoe crab, rotates its tail spine in order to right tself and to keep itself balanced. 2. Eight muscles, discrete bundles of muscle fibres, move the tail spine. Fibres of the muscles contract in sequence and thereby pull consecutively on the several tendons of each muscle in order to rotate the tail spine in either a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction. 3. Motoneurones in nerves to different muscles, fibres within a muscle and units in a nerve to a single muscle fire in different sequences during clockwise and counter-clockwise rotation of the tail spine. 4. The firing pattern consists of a major burst of small to large neurons which fire in clusters, and a minor burst of small neurones which appear to fire randomly. Motoneurones in both bursts are excitatory. The major burst develops tension, the minor burst acts during extension of the muscle and presumably impedes relaxation in order to produce stable deflexion and smooth rotation of the tail spine. 5. Muscle fibres respond to motor output with small excitatory junctional potentials of < 5 mV. E.j.p.s sum and show facilitation, and in some cases develop spike-like potentials of 10-20 mV. Both spiking and the greatest increase in tension occur during the clustered firings in major bursts. 6. Muscle fibres have sarcomere lengths of 6·5±0·8 µm and diameters of 10·60 µm. Nerve fibres range from less than 3 to 32 µm in diameter in large nerve branches, which contain between 50 and 100 fibres. 7. These findings indicate that two different motor programs evoke contraction of muscle fibres in opposite sequences. Sequential contraction of fibres within a muscle means that muscle fibres which are activated together, rather than whole muscles, are the functional contractile entities.

scholarly journals Changes in thick filament length in Limulus striated muscle.

1977 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
M M Dewey ◽  
B Walcott ◽  
D E Colflesh ◽  
H Terry ◽  
R J Levine
Keyword(s):  
Horseshoe Crab ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Thick Filament ◽  
Filament Length ◽  
Thin Filaments ◽  
Thick Filaments ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Difference

Here we describe the change in thick filament length in striated muscle of Limulus, the horseshoe crab. Long thick filaments (4.0 microns) are isolated from living, unstimulated Limulus striated muscle while those isolated from either electrically or K+-stimulated fibers are significantly shorter (3.1 microns) (P less than 0.001). Filaments isolated from muscle glycerinated at long sarcomere lengths are long (4.4 microns) while those isolated from muscle glycerinated at short sarcomere lengths are short (2.9 microns) and the difference is significant (P less than 0.001). Thin filaments are 2.4 microns in length. The shortening of thick filaments is related to the wide range of sarcomere lengths exhibited by Limulus telson striated muscle.

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