Effect of oxygen-derived free radical scavengers on infarct size following six hours of permanent coronary artery occlusion: salvage or delay of myocyte necrosis?

1987 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Przyklenk ◽  
R. A. Kloner
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Infarct Size ◽  
Coronary Artery Occlusion ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Free Radical Scavengers ◽  
Radical Scavengers ◽  
Effect Of Oxygen

Abstract 12: EMMPRIN-Targeted Magnetic Nanoparticles for in vivo Visualization and Regression of Acute Myocardial Infarction in a Model of Acute Coronary Artery Occlusion

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Cuadrado ◽  
Maria Jose Garcia Miguel ◽  
Irene Herruzo ◽  
Mari Carmen Turpin ◽  
Ana Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Infarct Size ◽  
Coronary Artery Occlusion ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Gadolinium Enhancement

Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer EMMPRIN, is highly expressed in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and induces activation of several matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), including MMP-9 and MMP-13. To prevent Extracellular matrix degradation and cardiac cell death we targeted EMMPRIN with paramagnetic/fluorescent micellar nanoparticles with an EMMPRIN binding peptide AP9 conjugated (NAP9), or an AP9 scramble peptide as a negative control (NAPSC). NAP9 binds to endogenous EMMPRIN as detected by confocal microscopy of cardiac myocytes and macrophages incubated with NAP and NAPSC in vitro, and in vivo in mouse hearts subjected to left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion (IV injection 50mγ/Kg NAP9 or NAP9SC). Administration of NAP9 at the same time or 1 hour after AMI reduced infarct size over a 20% respect to untreated and NAPSC injected mice, recovered left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) similar to healthy controls, and reduced EMMPRIN downstream MMP9 expression. In magnetic resonance scans of mouse hearts 2 days after AMI and injected with NAP9, we detected a significant gadolinium enhancement in the left ventricle respect to non-injected mice and to mice injected with NAPSC. Late gadolinium enhancement assays exhibited NAP9-mediated left ventricle signal enhancement as early as 30 minutes after nanoprobe injection, in which a close correlation between the MRI signal enhancement and left ventricle infarct size was detected. Taken together, these results point EMMPRIN targeted nanoprobes as a new tool for the treatment of AMI.

Abstract 13780: Effects of Op2113 on Myocardial Infarct Size and No Reflow in a Rat Myocardial Ischemia/reperfusion Model

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wangde Dai ◽  
Bruno Le Grand ◽  
Aurelie Boucard ◽  
Juan Carreno ◽  
lifu Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Infarct Size ◽  
Coronary Artery Occlusion ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Early Reperfusion ◽  
Risk Zone ◽  
No Reflow ◽  
No Reflow Phenomenon

Background: Despite advances in early reperfusion therapy for acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (MI), mortality rates and prevention of heart failure after the MI are not optimal. There have been many attempts to further reduce the size of acute MI and to limit the no reflow phenomenon after reperfusion, with mixed results. One promising approach may be to target the mitochondria. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether OP2113 and its active principle ATT (Anethol-TriThione, named also 5-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione; CAS 532-11-6 ), a pharmaceutical that has been shown to decrease mitochondrial reactive species production from complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, could limit MI size and the no reflow phenomenon in a standardized rat model of 30 minutes of proximal coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion. Methods and Results: Anesthetized rats were exposed to MI and received OP2113 as an intravenous infusion starting either 5 minutes prior to coronary artery occlusion (preventive), or 5 minutes prior to reperfusion (curative), or received vehicle starting 5 minutes prior to coronary artery occlusion. Infusions continued until the end of the study (3 hours of reperfusion). MI size ( triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining technique) , expressed as a percentage of the ischemic risk zone ( blue dye technique) was significantly lower in the OP2113 treated preventive group at 44.5 ± 2.9% versus 57.0 ± 3.6% ( p<0.05) in the vehicle group, with a nonsignificant trend toward a smaller infarct size in the curative group ( 50.8 ± 3.9%). Area of no reflow ( thioflavin S technique) as a percentage of the risk zone was significantly smaller in both the OP2113 treated preventive (28.8 ± 2.4%; p =0.026 vs vehicle) and curative groups ( 30.1 ± 2.3%; p=0.04 vs vehicle) compared to the vehicle group ( 38.9 ± 3.1%). OP2113 was not associated with any hemodynamic changes. Conclusions: These results suggest that OP2113 is a promising agent to reduce no-reflow as well as to reduce MI size, especially if it is on board early in the course of the MI. It appears to have benefit on no-reflow even when administered relatively late in the course of ischemia.

scholarly journals Effect of verapamil on infarct size in dogs subjected to coronary artery occlusion with transient reperfusion

1986 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1169-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin A. Campbell ◽  
Robert A. Kloner ◽  
Kevin J. Alker ◽  
Eugene Braunwald
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Infarct Size ◽  
Coronary Artery Occlusion ◽  
Artery Occlusion

Responses to coronary artery occlusion in conscious dogs with selective cardiac denervation

1988 ◽  
Vol 255 (3) ◽  
pp. H525-H533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. T. Shen ◽  
D. R. Knight ◽  
S. F. Vatner ◽  
W. C. Randall ◽  
J. X. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Infarct Size ◽  
Coronary Artery Occlusion ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Conscious Dogs ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Area At Risk ◽  
Cardiac Denervation

The extent to which cardiac denervation alters responses to myocardial ischemia remains controversial. This study compared responses to 24-h coronary artery occlusion (CAO) on measurements of wall thickness (ultrasonic crystals), regional myocardial blood flow (microspheres), and infarct size (triphenyltetrazolium chloride technique) in three groups of conscious dogs with 1) selective posterior left ventricular (LV) wall denervation, 2) selective ventricular denervation, or in 3) intact dogs. After CAO, hemodynamic changes were not different among the three groups. Wall thickening in the ischemic zone became akinetic or paradoxical early after CAO and did not recover in any group over the 24-h monitoring period. Blood flow in the area at risk fell similarly in all groups. Infarct size, as a percentage of the area at risk, was 45 +/- 7% in intact, 48 +/- 6% in posterior LV wall-denervated, and 48 +/- 8% in ventricular-denervated group. There was, however, a lower (P less than 0.05) frequency of arrhythmic beats per minute after 3 h of CAO in the ventricular-denervated group (3.2 +/- 1.4) compared with the intact (11.3 +/- 4.1) or posterior wall-denervated (12.6 +/- 3.2) group. An additional group of ventricular-denervated dogs was studied to determine the effects of sequential, brief 2-min CAO at 2, 4, and 8 wk after denervation. Responses of regional wall thickening to CAO were not affected significantly even after 8 wk following ventricular denervation. Thus, in conscious dogs, neither selective ventricular denervation nor selective denervation of the posterior LV wall improved collateral blood flow, affected regional function favorably, or reduced infarct size after CAO.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document