The use of tombramycin in the management of severe infections. Clinical and pharmacological data

1976 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Baron ◽  
H. Drugeon ◽  
F. Nicolas ◽  
A. Courtieu
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Data ◽  
Severe Infections

scholarly journals Novel Cephalosporins in Septic Subjects and Severe Infections: Present Findings and Future Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Corcione ◽  
Tommaso Lupia ◽  
Francesco Giuseppe De Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Infection Group ◽  
Good Safety Profile ◽  
Serious Infections ◽  
Pharmacological Data ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
New Compounds

In past decade, cephalosporins have developed significantly, and data regarding novel cephalosporins (i.e., ceftobiprole, ceftaroline, ceftolozane/tazobactam, ceftazidime/avibactam, and cefiderocol) within septic and bacteremic subjects are rising. These compounds generally offer very promising in vitro microbiological susceptibility, although the variability among gram-negative and -positive strains of different cohorts is noticed in the literature. We require further pharmacological data to measure the best dose in order to prevent sub-therapeutic drug levels in critically ill patients. These new compounds in theory are the sparing solution in the Enterobacteriales infection group for different antimicrobial classes such as aminoglycosides notably within endovascular and GNB-bacteremias, as well as colistin and carbapenem-sparing strategies, favoring good safety profile molecules. Moreover, new cephalosporins are the basis for the actual indications to open up new and exciting prospects for serious infections in the future. In future, patients will be addressed with the desirable approach to sepsis and serious infections in terms of their clinical situation, inherent features of the host, the sensitivity profile, and local epidemiology, for which evidence of the use of new cephalosporin in the treatment of severe infections will fill the remaining gaps.

The Importance of Fluconazole in Treatment of Endogenous Endophtalmitis in Patients Prior Treated Using Negative Pressure Therapy for Wound Closure Contaminated with Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1598-1601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anisia Iuliana Alexa ◽  
Roxana Ciuntu ◽  
Alina Cantemir ◽  
Nicoleta Anton ◽  
Ciprian Danielescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Endogenous Endophthalmitis ◽  
Pressure Therapy ◽  
First Case ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
Pars Plana ◽  
Delay In Treatment ◽  
Vitreous Biopsy

Severe infections with C. albicans should be treated promptly with antifungal agents, any delay in treatment increases the risk of endophthalmitis. The systemic Amphotericin B therapy is the gold standard in the treatment of endophthalmitis, but in the case of fungal infections it has not yet been determined. Numerous studies have shown that the use of Fluconazole is effective in the treatment of fungal endophthalmitis. In this paper, we report two cases (3 eyes) that have been presented for the same accusations of significant decrease of AV (visual acuity), ocular pain and blepharospasm suddenly installed, both of which required urgent antibiotic and intravenous antifungal treatment. Both are diagnosed with endogenous endophthalmitis and vitreous biopsy + VPP (pars plana vitrectomy) are performed, with a negative result of the vitreous culture. In both situations the treatment was with antibiotic and systemic antifungals. Postoperatively, evolution was favorable in the first case and less favorable in the second one. The prognosis depends on the virulence of the microorganisms and the time elapsed until initiation of the treatment. Also, the presence of risk factors such as diabetes, sepsis, recent abdominal surgery (C. Albicans is part of the comesary flora of the digestive tract) have influenced the prognosis decisively. Severe infections with C. albicans should be promptly treated with antifungal agents, any delay in treatment increases the risk of endophthalmitis. Even when prolonged treatment of candidemia is instituted, 3% of patients can develop endogenous endophthalmitis, so ocular evaluation is particularly important for patients immobilized in anesthesia and intensive care units.

AMEBAS PATÓGENAS DE VIDA LIBRE DEL GÉNERO ACANTHAMOEBA EN AGUAS RECREATIVAS EN LA HUASTECA POTOSINA, MÉXICO

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Ortiz Ortega ◽  
Alonso Vilches Flores ◽  
Marco Aurelio Rodríguez Monroy ◽  
Patricia Bonilla Lemus
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Tropical Climate ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Thermal Waters ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
Amebic Encephalitis ◽  
Animal Tests

Studies accomplished in freshwater demonstrate the importance of identify the presence of<br />protozoa like free living amoebae (FLA). In particular, the genera Acanthamoeba is associated with<br />severe infections in man, as the Granulomatous Amebic Encephalitis (GAE). The most important<br />factor for the development of these organisms is the high temperature of the water body. The<br />region of the Huasteca Potosina in Mexico, with a tropical climate and great aquatic resorts, like<br />rivers, waterfalls and pools of thermal waters, that allows the development of amoebae. In this<br />study we evaluated the presence of amoebas in the most visited places on the Huasteca Potosina.<br />Samples of a liter were taken in nine sites during the rainy and dry season. 54 strains of amoebas<br />were identify, 46 belong to the genera Acanthamoeba, resulting 30 of them pathogenic in the<br />animal tests. The pathogenic isolated amoebas were present in the most attended resorts by the<br />people in the waterfalls or pools of the places sampling. Temperature turned out to be the most<br />important factor for the presence of amoebae.

Evaluation of factors associated with recurrent and/or severe infections in patients with Down's syndrome

2003 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana M.A. Ribeiro ◽  
Cristina M. A. Jacob ◽  
Antonio C. Pastorino ◽  
Chong A. E. Kim ◽  
Ângela B. F. Fomin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Down's Syndrome ◽  
Down’S Syndrome ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Severe Infections

scholarly journals AB0521 COST OF ILLNESS OF ANCA-ASSOCIATED VASCULITIS IN ITALY: DATA LINKAGE ANALYSIS OF MULTIPLE CLINICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE DATABASES IN THE PROVINCE OF UDINE, ITALY

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1558.1-1558
Author(s):  
L. Quartuccio ◽  
E. Treppo ◽  
S. De Vita ◽  
F. Valent
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cost Of Illness ◽  
Systemic Vasculitis ◽  
Health Information System ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Administrative Databases ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Hospital Discharges ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
Regional Population

Background:ANCA-associated vasculitides (AAV) are a group of systemic vasculitis carrying a high risk of hospitalization because the multiorgan involvement, the acute nature of some clinical manifestations, the chronic but very disabling course of some other manifestations and finally the risk of severe infections due to chronic glucocorticoid and immunosuppressor administration. However, data on cost of illness due to AAV are lacking.Objectives:to estimate the cost of illness in patients suffering from AAV in the province of Udine (about 500,000 inhabitants), Friuli Venezia Giulia (FVG), Italy, from year 2010 to 2018.Methods:integration of the information coming from many administrative databases were used to this end. The Regional Health Information System of FVG was used as the source of information for this retrospective cohort study. The system covers the entire regional population and includes various electronic health administrative databases that can be linked with one another on an individual basis through a unique encrypted identifier. In particular, the following databases were matched: the database of the health care beneficiaries (including demographic information and the residential history of all of the subjects living in FVG), the hospital discharge database, the database of exemptions from medical charges, the database of the laboratories. The population under study was selected based on the following inclusion criteria: patients were residents in the province of Udine and they had to carry the exemption code for AAV, including GPA, or EGPA, or MPA. This population was observed from 2010 to 2018.Results:57 patients (201 patient-years) with AAV were identified. They were ANCA-positive in 44/57 (77%). GPA, EGPA and MPA was diagnosed in 18 (31,6%), 15 (26,3%), 11 (19,3%) patients, respectively. The mean age at diagnosis was 54,5 (17,5) years. The disease itself was the main cause of hospitalization in almost half of the hospital discharges (60/126, 47,6%). Four patients died during the observation period due to vasculitis itself (1), pneumonia (2), or haematological malignancy (1). Time to the first event (death or hospitalization) was significantly higher in ANCA-negative AAV patients than in ANCA-positive AAV patients (p=0,03, Log-Rank test), ANCA-positive AAV patients having a three-times higher risk (HR 3,38 95%CI 1,13-10,08, p=0,03). Total estimated cost was € 1,215,078, corresponding to € 6,168 patient-year. Costs for ANCA-positive AAV patients were much higher than those for ANCA-negative AAV patients (€ 1,115,253 vs € 99,825, and € 7058 per person-year vs € 2,559 per person-year, respectively). GPA and MPA showed the highest costs if compared to EGPA [GPA: € 239,168 (€ 5199 per person-year) vs MPA: € 281,502 (€ 4771 per person-year) vs EGPA: € 214,287 (2329 per person-year), respectively]. Costs for hospitalization were the highest [€ 734,957 (€ 3731 per person-year) vs other costs € 480,121 (€ 2437 per person-year)].Conclusion:costs for AAV are very high, confirming the high health care burden of this illness. Management of ANCA-positive patients rather than ANCA-negative patients was burdened by the highest costs. GPA and MPA showed the highest direct costs for hospitalization, which very frequently occurred due to the vasculitis itself.Disclosure of Interests:Luca Quartuccio Consultant of: Abbvie, Bristol, Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Pfizer, Elena Treppo: None declared, Salvatore De Vita Consultant of: Roche, GSK, Speakers bureau: Roche, GSK, Novartis, Francesca Valent: None declared

scholarly journals An analysis of the population of Cryptococcus neoformans strains isolated from animals in Poland, in the years 2015–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Florek ◽  
Urszula Nawrot ◽  
Agnieszka Korzeniowska-Kowal ◽  
Katarzyna Włodarczyk ◽  
Anna Wzorek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Molecular Type ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
Maldi Tof Ms ◽  
Maldi Tof ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
World Distribution ◽  
Tof Ms

AbstractFungi belonging to the Cryptococcus neoformans/C. gattii species complex (CNGSC) are pathogens causing severe infections in humans and animals, that for humans may result in a mortality rate ranging up to 70%. The CNGSC is divided into eight major molecular types, that may differ in their virulence and susceptibility. In order to fully understand the epidemiology of cryptococcosis, it is important to study the world distribution and population structure of these pathogens. The present study is the first presenting a population of strains isolated in Poland and one of the few using a multi-species animal group as a source of the specimen. The pathogen was present in 2.375% of the tested animals. The URA5-RFLP and MALDI-TOF MS analyses have revealed that the population consisted exclusively of C. neoformans strains, with a predominance of major molecular type VNIV (C. neoformans var. neoformans). The MALDI-TOF MS was used to perform the CNGSC strains identification on both the species and sub-species level. Despite the fact that the animals providing the specimens were not treated with 5-fluorocytosine, around 10% of the tested population presented MIC values exceeding 64 mg/L, indicating the existence of the 5-fluorocytosine-resistant strains in the environment.

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