scholarly journals Telomere shortening in peripheral blood cells was related with aging but not with white blood cell count

1996 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroe Satoh ◽  
Keiko Hiyama ◽  
Masahiro Takeda ◽  
Yukikazu Awaya ◽  
Kenichiro Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Telomere Shortening

scholarly journals White Blood Cells and Severe COVID-19: A Mendelian Randomization Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Yitang Sun ◽  
Jingqi Zhou ◽  
Kaixiong Ye
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Blood Cell Count

Increasing evidence shows that white blood cells are associated with the risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but the direction and causality of this association are not clear. To evaluate the causal associations between various white blood cell traits and the COVID-19 susceptibility and severity, we conducted two-sample bidirectional Mendelian Randomization (MR) analyses with summary statistics from the largest and most recent genome-wide association studies. Our MR results indicated causal protective effects of higher basophil count, basophil percentage of white blood cells, and myeloid white blood cell count on severe COVID-19, with odds ratios (OR) per standard deviation increment of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.60–0.95), 0.70 (95% CI: 0.54–0.92), and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.73–0.98), respectively. Neither COVID-19 severity nor susceptibility was associated with white blood cell traits in our reverse MR results. Genetically predicted high basophil count, basophil percentage of white blood cells, and myeloid white blood cell count are associated with a lower risk of developing severe COVID-19. Individuals with a lower genetic capacity for basophils are likely at risk, while enhancing the production of basophils may be an effective therapeutic strategy.

scholarly journals White blood cells and severe COVID-19: a Mendelian randomization study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yitang Sun ◽  
Jingqi Zhou ◽  
Kaixiong Ye
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Granulocyte Count

AbstractBackgroundThe pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has rapidly emerged to seriously threaten public health. We aimed to investigate whether white blood cell traits have potential causal effects on severe COVID-19 using Mendelian randomization (MR).MethodsTo evaluate the causal associations between various white blood cell traits and severe COVID-19, we conducted a two-sample MR analysis with summary statistics from recent large genome-wide association studies.ResultsOur MR results indicated potential causal associations of white blood cell count, myeloid white blood cell count, and granulocyte count with severe COVID-19, with odds ratios (OR) of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.72-0.98), 0.81 (95% CI: 0.70-0.94), and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.71-0.99), respectively. Increasing eosinophil percentage of white blood cells was associated with a higher risk of severe COVID-19 (OR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.03-1.45).ConclusionsOur results suggest the potential causal effects of lower white blood cell count, lower myeloid white blood cell count, lower granulocyte count, and higher eosinophil percentage of white blood cells on an increased risk of severe COVID-19.

scholarly journals Physiological changes of white blood cell count in peripheral blood of radiation workers.

Sangyo Igaku ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-19
Author(s):  
Seiichi AKIYAMA ◽  
Yoshihumi EDAGAWA ◽  
Atsumi KAWANAMI ◽  
Chiyosaburo NAKAGAWA ◽  
Hisashi URAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Radiation Workers

Leukoreduction in ex vivo perfusion circuits: comparison of leukocyte depletion efficiency with leukocyte filters

Perfusion ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 853-860
Author(s):  
Vahe Fahradyan ◽  
Michael J Annunziata ◽  
Sayf Said ◽  
Maya Rao ◽  
Hirsh Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Ex Vivo Perfusion ◽  
Filter Group

Background: Leukodepletion of whole blood-based perfusates remains a challenge in experimental models of ex vivo perfusion. This study investigated the leukoreduction efficacy of the commonly used LeukoGuard LG Arterial and BC2 Cardioplegia filters. Methods: Eleven liters of washed porcine blood was used to evaluate the filtration efficiency of LG (n = 6) and BC2 (n = 5) filters. Filter efficacy was tested by passing 1 L of washed blood through each filter. Complete blood count was performed to detect a reduction of white blood cells, red blood cells, and hemoglobin concentration. Results: The BC2 Cardioplegia filter showed a significant reduction in white blood cell count (13.16 ± 4.2 × 103 cells/μL pre-filtration, 0.62 ± 0.61 cells/μL post-filtration, p = 0.005), red blood cell count (9.18 ± 0.16 × 106 cells/μL pre-filtration, 9.02 ± 0.16 × 106 cells/μL post-filtration, p = 0.012) and hemoglobin concentration (15.89 ± 0.66 g/dL pre-filtration, 15.67 ± 0.83 g/dL post-filtration, p = 0.017). Platelet reduction in the LG filter group was statistically significant (13.23 ± 13.98 × 103 cells/μL pre-filtration, 7.15 ± 3.31 × 103 cells/μL post-filtration, p = 0.029), but no difference was seen in the BC2 group. There was no significant difference in white blood cell count in the LG filter group (10.12 ± 3.0 × 103 cells/μL pre-filtration, 10.32 ± 2.44 × 103 cells/μL post-filtration, p = 0.861). Conclusion: Our results suggest that the LG filter should not be used in ex vivo perfusion circuits for the purpose of leukodepletion. The BC2 filter can be used in EVP circuits with flow rates of less than 350 mL/min. Alternatively, perfusate may be leukodepleted before perfusion.

scholarly journals Analysis of Platelet-Rich Plasma Extraction

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 232596711667527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Fitzpatrick ◽  
Max K. Bulsara ◽  
Paul Robert McCrory ◽  
Martin D. Richardson ◽  
Ming Hao Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
High Concentrations

Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been extensively used as a treatment in tissue healing in tendinopathy, muscle injury, and osteoarthritis. However, there is variation in methods of extraction, and this produces different types of PRP. Purpose: To determine the composition of PRP obtained from 4 commercial separation kits, which would allow assessment of current classification systems used in cross-study comparisons. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Three normal adults each donated 181 mL of whole blood, some of which served as a control and the remainder of which was processed through 4 PRP separation kits: GPS III (Biomet Biologics), Smart-Prep2 (Harvest Terumo), Magellan (Arteriocyte Medical Systems), and ACP (Device Technologies). The resultant PRP was tested for platelet count, red blood cell count, and white blood cell count, including differential in a commercial pathology laboratory. Glucose and pH measurements were obtained from a blood gas autoanalyzer machine. Results: Three kits taking samples from the “buffy coat layer” were found to have greater concentrations of platelets (3-6 times baseline), while 1 kit taking samples from plasma was found to have platelet concentrations of only 1.5 times baseline. The same 3 kits produced an increased concentration of white blood cells (3-6 times baseline); these consisted of neutrophils, leukocytes, and monocytes. This represents high concentrations of platelets and white blood cells. A small drop in pH was thought to relate to the citrate used in the sample preparation. Interestingly, an unexpected increase in glucose concentrations, with 3 to 6 times greater than baseline levels, was found in all samples. Conclusion: This study reveals the variation of blood components, including platelets, red blood cells, leukocytes, pH, and glucose in PRP extractions. The high concentrations of cells are important, as the white blood cell count in PRP samples has frequently been ignored, being considered insignificant. The lack of standardization of PRP preparation for clinical use has contributed at least in part to the varying clinical efficacy in PRP use. Clinical Relevance: The variation of platelet and other blood component concentrations between commercial PRP kits may affect clinical treatment outcomes. There is a need for standardization of PRP for clinical use.

scholarly journals Cell-Intrinsic Depletion of AML1-ETO-Positive Pre-Leukemic HSCs By Kras Activating Mutation

Blood ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 130 (Suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 787-787
Author(s):  
Cristina Di Genua ◽  
Ruggiero Norfo ◽  
Alba Rodriguez-Meira ◽  
Roy Drissen ◽  
Christopher Booth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
White Blood Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Myeloid Cells ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Normal White Blood Cell

Abstract Mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are acquired hierarchically. Pre-leukemic mutations, such as AML1-ETO, are acquired within the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) compartment as an early event, whereas signaling mutations, such as KRAS, are late events acquired within transformed leukemic progenitors and rarely detectable within the HSC compartment (PMID 24550281). This raises the possibility that signaling pathway mutations are detrimental to clonally expanded pre-leukemic HSC. To explore this hypothesis, we generated mice carrying A ml1ETO/+ or KrasG12D/+ conditional knock-in alleles, either individually or combined (AEK), crossed to an Mx1- Cremouse line. Due to previously described spontaneous recombination in primary KrasG12D/+ mice with Mx1- Cre, competitive transplantation was performed using 250,000 fetal liver (FL) cells and 1x106wild-type (WT) bone marrow (BM) competitor cells into lethally irradiated recipients. Mutations were induced with polyI:C 4 weeks post-transplantation, and mice were culled 8 weeks post-polyI:C to assess the hematopoietic phenotype. Transplantation of Aml1ETO/+ FL was insufficient to induce a hematological malignancy in primary recipient mice. In contrast, recipients of KrasG12D/+ FL developed a fatal myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) including leukocytosis (white blood cell count 50±22 x109/L), anemia (11.5±0.7 g/dL), splenomegaly (564±71mg) and an increase in the Mac1+Gr1lo myeloid cells in the peripheral blood (fc = 10.04, p < 0.0001) and spleen (fc = 48.56, p < 0.0001) compared to WT. Strikingly, transplantation of AEK FL cells did not result in a more aggressive disease but led to the amelioration of key features of the MPN phenotype associated with KrasG12D/+, including restoration of normal white blood cell count and hemoglobin levels, reduction in spleen size (fc = 0.69, p < 0.05) and a decrease in the number of Mac1+Gr1lo myeloid cells in the peripheral blood (fc = 0.54, p < 0.05) and spleen (fc = 0.51, p < 0.05) compared to KrasG12D/+ . We reasoned that the amelioration of the MPN phenotype in AEK FL recipients might be due to disease propagating HSCs being functionally compromised by both mutations in combination. Numbers of phenotypic donor HSCs (CD45.2 Lin-Sca1+cKit+Flt3-CD150+) were increased in Aml1ETO/+ FL recipients compared to WT (fc = 5.17, p < 0.0001) and were normal in recipients of KrasG12D/+ FL. In comparison with Aml1ETO/+ FL recipients, numbers of HSCs were markedly reduced in AEK FL recipients (fc = 0.30, p < 0.0001) supporting the idea that KrasG12D/+ has a specific detrimental effect on Aml1ETO/+ HSCs. Secondary transplantation revealed an increase in myeloid reconstitution (fc = 3.37, p < 0.01) and HSC number (fc = 9.64, p < 0.05) in Aml1ETO/+ mice compared to WT. In contrast, BM from primary recipients of KrasG12D/+ or AEK FL showeda lack of engraftment in secondary recipients and markedly reduced HSC number. These results indicate that in the absence of a signaling pathway mutation, Aml1ETO/+ confers a clonal advantage to HSCs. However, KrasG12D/+ has a marked detrimental effect on Aml1ETO/+ expressing pre-leukemic HSCs leading to a clonal disadvantage due to loss of phenotypic and functional HSCs. RNA-sequencing of WT, Aml1ETO/+, KrasG12D/+ and AEK HSCs revealed an enrichment for E2f (p < 0.01) and Myc (p < 0.01) targets in AEK HSCs compared to Aml1ETO/+ HSCs, indicating an increase in cell cycle activation. This was confirmed by flow cytometry as we found a marked decrease in AEK HSCs in G0 compared to Aml1ETO/+ (fc = 0.16, p < 0.001). Several candidate genes have been identified, including Gzmb (log2FC = -2.21, p < 0.0001) and Gja1 (log2FC = -3.65, p < 0.0001) which were both down-regulated in Aml1ETO/+, but up-regulated in AEK HSCs (Gzmb log2FC = 0.96, p < 0.0001; Gja1 log2FC = 2.76, p < 0.0001). Knock-outs of Gzmb and Gja1 have been shown to increase HSC reconstitution (PMID 24752302) and cause an expansion of the Lin-Sca1+cKit+ compartment (PMID 16531325) respectively, indicating a potential role of the down-regulation of these genes for pre-leukemic HSC expansion. Our data provides evidence that KrasG12D/+ has a marked detrimental impact on Aml1ETO/+ pre-leukemic HSCs, associated with distinct transcriptional signatures, helping to explain why signaling mutations such as KRAS mutations are not observed within pre-leukemic HSCs in AML patients. Disclosures Mead: BMS: Honoraria; Pfizer: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau.

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