Permeability to water, dimension of surface, and structural changes during swelling in rat liver mitochondria

1972 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Massari ◽  
L. Frigeri ◽  
G. F. Azzone
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria

STRUCTURAL CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH THE RELEASE OF ENZYMES FROM RAT-LIVER MITOCHONDRIA BY FREEZING

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 775-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. V. Lusena ◽  
C. M. S. Dass
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Structural Modification ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Sodium Deoxycholate ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Supernatant Fraction ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Mitochondrial Disruption ◽  
Partial Release

Suspensions of rat-liver mitochondria in 0.44 M sucrose, after they were frozen and thawed under defined conditions, were partitioned into three sedimentable and one supernatant fraction by differential centrifugation. These were analyzed for optical density, protein content, and for activities of glutamate dehydrogenase (GD) and 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (BD) with exogenous nicotinamide–adenine dinucleotide (NAD) both as maximum activity after sodium deoxycholate treatment and as activity released by freezing. Pellets of the three sedimentable fractions were also examined in the electron microscope. When dehydrogenases were not released by a freezing treatment, no structural changes were detected. Release of BD, which was accompanied by release of GD as well, was associated with mitochondrial disruption and drastic rearrangement of mitochondrial membranes. On the other hand, release of GD without BD occurred from swollen and emptied mitochondria. The partial release of enzymes in a preparation was not associated with a partial structural modification of all of the mitochondria, but rather with drastic structural changes in only some of them.

scholarly journals Morphological changes of mitochondria and mammalian cells, induced by hypochlorous acid

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-168
Author(s):  
I. B. Zavodnik ◽  
R. I. Kravchuk ◽  
T. V. Ilyich ◽  
E. A. Lapshina ◽  
A. G. Vejko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Hypochlorous Acid ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Hill Coefficient ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Apparent Dissociation Constant ◽  
Functional Changes

Hypochlorous acid, HOCl, is one of the most powerful biological oxidants and the most important mediator of inflammatory damage of cells and tissues. The purpose of this study was to characterize the morphological features of HOCl – induced oxidative impairment in rat liver mitochondria in vitro and to compare the processes of HOCl-induced oxidation in mitochondria, erythrocytes and B14 cells.HOCl addition (300 μM) to mitochondrial suspension resulted in mitochondrial structural changes with a decrease in the mean total length of the crista and the average number of cristae in one mitochondria with no change in the length of one crista. There was shown a slight decrease in the average cross-sectional area of one mitochondria, mitochondrial profile elongation, an increase in the number of altered mitochondria and the heterogeneity of the population. Simultaneously we observed depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane, the rate and degree of which were determined by the concentration of HOCl. HOCl addition (25–150 μМ) induced lysis of erythrocytes for 60–180 s, which was preceded by a change in the shape and size of cells. The apparent dissociation constant for the HOCl – membrane complex was estimated to be Kd = 140 ± 25 μМ, and the Hill coefficient was to be 2.1. The B14 cell exposure to HOCl (100 μМ) led to a loss of ability to sorb on the substrate, to form associates, and to subsequent shrinkage of cells.Therefore, HOCl caused some morphological (and functional) changes in rat liver mitochondria, which may serve as one of the causes of cell death in inflammatory foci. At the level of the whole cells, the HOCl addition induced lysis of red blood cells and deep damage to B14 cells.

Effects of 5-5'-Diphenyl-2-thiohydantoin (DPTH) and Thyroxine on the Ultrastructure and Chemical Composition of Rat Liver

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 570-571
Author(s):  
E. A. Elfont ◽  
R. B. Tobin ◽  
D. G. Colton ◽  
M. A. Mehlman
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Future Study ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Effective Inhibitor ◽  
Biochemical Effects ◽  
Glycerophosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Stimulation Of

Summary5,-5'-diphenyl-2-thiohydantoin (DPTH) is an effective inhibitor of thyroxine (T4) stimulation of α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in rat liver mitochondria. Because this finding indicated a possible tool for future study of the mode of action of thyroxine, the ultrastructural and biochemical effects of DPTH and/or thyroxine on rat liver mere investigated.Rats were fed either standard or DPTH (0.06%) diet for 30 days before T4 (250 ug/kg/day) was injected. Injection of T4 occurred daily for 10 days prior to sacrifice. After removal of the liver and kidneys, part of the tissue was frozen at -50°C for later biocheailcal analyses, while the rest was prefixed in buffered 3.5X glutaraldehyde (390 mOs) and post-fixed in buffered 1Z OsO4 (376 mOs). Tissues were embedded in Araldlte 502 and the sections examined in a Zeiss EM 9S.Hepatocytes from hyperthyroid rats (Fig. 2) demonstrated enlarged and more numerous mitochondria than those of controls (Fig. 1). Glycogen was almost totally absent from the cytoplasm of the T4-treated rats.

Energy and Antioxidant Status of Rat Liver Mitochondria during Hypoxia- Reoxygenation of Different Duration

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-361
Author(s):  
Olga A. Gonchar ◽  
Valentina I. Nosar ◽  
Larisa. V. Bratus ◽  
I. N. Tymchenko ◽  
N. N. Steshenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Hypoxia Reoxygenation
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