Combined use of blood and oropharyngeal samples for noninvasive diagnosis ofPneumocystis carinii pneumonia using the polymerase chain reaction

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-246
Author(s):  
C. Atzori ◽  
F. Agostoni ◽  
E. Angeli ◽  
A. Mainini ◽  
G. Orlando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Noninvasive Diagnosis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Polymerase Chain

An Epidemiologic Survey of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus Aureusby Combined Use ofMec-HVR Genotyping and Toxin Genotyping in a University Hospital in Japan

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 506-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junichiro Nishi ◽  
Masao Yoshinaga ◽  
Hiroaki Miyanohara ◽  
Motoshi Kawahara ◽  
Masaharu Kawabata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Hypervariable Region ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Discriminatory Ability ◽  
Epidemiologic Survey ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Hospital Wards

Objective:To evaluate the usefulness of an assay using two polymerase chain reaction-based genotyping methods in the practical surveillance of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA).Methods:Nosocomial infection and colonization were surveyed monthly in a university hospital in Japan for 20 months. Genotyping withmec-HVR is based on the size of themec-associated hypervariable region amplified by polymerase chain reaction. Toxin genotyping uses a multiplex polymerase chain reaction method to amplify eight staphylococcal toxin genes.Results:Eight hundred nine MRSA isolates were classified into 49 genotypes. We observed differing prevalences of genotypes for different hospital wards, and could rapidly demonstrate the similarity of genotype for outbreak isolates. The incidence of genotype D: SEC/TSST1 was significantly higher in isolates causing nosocomial infections (49.5%; 48 of 97) than in nasal isolates (31.4%; 54 of 172) (P= .004), suggesting that this genotype may represent the nosocomial strains.Conclusion:The combined use of these two genotyping methods resulted in improved discriminatory ability and should be further investigated.

High performance Nanogold™-in situ hybridzation and its use in the detection of hybridized and PCR-amplified microscopical preparations

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 896-897
Author(s):  
G. W. Hacker ◽  
I. Zehbe ◽  
J. Hainfeld ◽  
A.-H. Graf ◽  
C. Hauser-Kronberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Protein Encoding ◽  
Polymerase Chain

In situ hybridization (ISH) with biotin-labeled probes is increasingly used in histology, histopathology and molecular biology, to detect genetic nucleic acid sequences of interest, such as viruses, genetic alterations and peptide-/protein-encoding messenger RNA (mRNA). In situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (PCR in situ hybridization = PISH) and the new in situ self-sustained sequence replication-based amplification (3SR) method even allow the detection of single copies of DNA or RNA in cytological and histological material. However, there is a number of considerable problems with the in situ PCR methods available today: False positives due to mis-priming of DNA breakdown products contained in several types of cells causing non-specific incorporation of label in direct methods, and re-diffusion artefacts of amplicons into previously negative cells have been observed. To avoid these problems, super-sensitive ISH procedures can be used, and it is well known that the sensitivity and outcome of these methods partially depend on the detection system used.

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