Response to selection and changes of genetic variability for wing length in Drosophila melanogaster with brother-sister matings

Genetica ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. Tantawy
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Wing Length ◽  
Response To Selection

scholarly journals DIFFERENTIAL RESPONSE TO SELECTION ON THE TWO SEXES IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-542
Author(s):  
Domenico Lorenzo Palenzona ◽  
Rita Alicchio
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Wing Length ◽  
Differential Response ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Response To Selection ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Short Wing

ABSTRACT Artificial selection for short wing was performed in two Drosophila melanogaster populations with partially different gene pools: the C populations were derived from a Canton stock while the H lines were derived from a cross between Canton and a b, cn, vg strain. It is shown that in both populations selection on females (CF, HF) was more effective than selection on males (CM, HM). This difference cannot be explained in terms of differences in additive genetic variability between the two sexes because: (1) both sexes contribute to the genetic variability utilized by selection applied to one sex only, and (2) switching selection pressure on females in the M lines does not result in a response comparable to that obtained in the F populations; this rules out almost completely recombination as the responsible agent for the differences between the selection limits reached by M and F selections.—These results, together with several additional observations concerning sexual dimorphism, fitness and the effect of natural selection, suggest that a complex interaction should be involved in the differential response of M and F lines, controlling the wing length phenotype.

A STUDY OF THE GENETIC BASIS OF THE SEXUAL DIMORPHISM FOR WING LENGTH IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-487
Author(s):  
Margaret A Bird ◽  
H E Schaffer
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Wing Length ◽  
Quantitative Character ◽  
Sex Dimorphism ◽  
Male Wing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Chromosome Iii

ABSTRACT The genetic basis of a sexually dimorphic quantitative character in Drosophila melanogaster was investigated by means of two-way directional selection for increased and decreased differences between male and female wing length. The sex dimorphism (SD), defined as the mean wing length difference between the sexes, within families, provided the criterion for selection.—The two lines (High SD, Low SD) diverged rapidly during the 15 generations of selection, indicating the presence of extensive genetic variability for the genotype-sex interaction underlying the observed sexual dimorphism. There was evidence that genetic variability persisted in both lines when selection was relaxed. Most of the divergence between the two lines remained after 10 generations of relaxed selection.—The change in the level of sex dimorphism in the High line was due primarily to a decrease in male wing length; in the Low line most of the change in SD was the result of a decrease in female wing length. An overall reduction in wing length in both sexes in both lines is interpreted as an effect of inbreeding.—The distribution and nature of the genetic control underlying the SD characteristic of the two selection lines was investigated by chromosome substitution between selection lines using a marked inversion technique. The two lines differed by factors located on each of the three major chromosome pairs. Chromosome III had the greatest effect on the difference in SD level between lines, and showed an overall additive effect when present in homozygous versus heterozygous combination. Chromosome II had the least effect, with a significant dominance effect of the High II being evident when heterozygotes were compared with homozygotes. The effect of the X chromosome was intermediate. There was some evidence of interaction between non-homologous chromosomes.

DENSITY-DEPENDENT FERTILITY SELECTION IN EXPERIMENTAL POPULATIONS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 849B-869
Author(s):  
Andrew G Clark ◽  
Marcus W Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Wing Length ◽  
Larval Density ◽  
High Density ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Adult Body ◽  
Adult Body Weight ◽  
Mutant Lines

ABSTRACT The effects of larval density on components of fertility fitness were investigated with two mutant lines of Drosophila melanogaster. The differences in adult body weight, wing length, larval survivorship and development time verified that flies reared at high density were resource limited. Experimental results indicate that: (1) relative fecundities of both sexes show density-dependent effects, (2) there is a strong density effect on male and female mating success, and (3) in general, there is a reduction in fecundity differences between genotypes at high density. These results imply that it may be important to consider fertility in models of density-dependent natural selection.

Genetic variability of courtship song in a population of Drosophila melanogaster

1994 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Ritchie ◽  
Charalambos P. Kyriacou
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Courtship Song

Linearity Versus nonlinearity of offspring-parent regression: an experimental study of Drosophila melanogaster.

Genetics ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Gimelfarb ◽  
J H Willis
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Wing Length ◽  
Realized Heritability ◽  
Polynomial Models ◽  
Linear Regressions

Abstract An experiment was conducted to investigate the offspring-parent regression for three quantitative traits (weight, abdominal bristles and wing length) in Drosophila melanogaster. Linear and polynomial models were fitted for the regressions of a character in offspring on both parents. It is demonstrated that responses by the characters to selection predicted by the nonlinear regressions may differ substantially from those predicted by the linear regressions. This is true even, and especially, if selection is weak. The realized heritability for a character under selection is shown to be determined not only by the offspring-parent regression but also by the distribution of the character and by the form and strength of selection.

scholarly journals Temporal uniformity of the spontaneous mutational variance of quantitative traits in Drosophila melanogaster

2000 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
AURORA GARCÍA-DORADO ◽  
JESUS FERNÁNDEZ ◽  
CARLOS LÓPEZ-FANJUL
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Wing Length ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Bristle Number ◽  
Sib Mating ◽  
Mutational Variance ◽  
Interaction Variance

Spontaneous mutations were allowed to accumulate over 209 generations in more than 100 lines, all of them independently derived from a completely homozygous population of Drosophila melanogaster and subsequently maintained under strong inbreeding (equivalent to full-sib mating). Traits scored were: abdominal (AB) and sternopleural (ST) bristle number, wing length (WL) and egg-to-adult viability (V). On two occasions – early (generations 93–122) and late (generations 169–209) – ANOVA estimates of the mutational variance and the mutational line × generation interaction variance were obtained. Mutational heritabilities of morphological traits ranged from 2 × 10−4 to 2 × 10−3 and the mutational coefficient of variation of viability was 0·01. For AB, WL and V, temporal uniformity of the mutational variance was observed. However, a fluctuation of the mutational heritability of ST was detected and could be ascribed to random genotype × environment interaction.

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