Predictive value of HIV-1 RNA detection in plasma by branched DNA assay during long-term zidovudine therapy

1996 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 639-645
Author(s):  
L. Cotte ◽  
M. A. Trabaud ◽  
P. Rougier ◽  
F. Bailly ◽  
F. Chapuis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Zidovudine Therapy ◽  
Rna Detection ◽  
Dna Assay ◽  
Branched Dna ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Clinical Comparison of an Enhanced-Sensitivity Branched-DNA Assay and Reverse Transcription-PCR for Quantitation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA in Plasma

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 716-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick S. Nolte ◽  
Jodi Boysza ◽  
Cathy Thurmond ◽  
W. Scott Clark ◽  
Jeffrey L. Lennox
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Dna Assay ◽  
Enhanced Sensitivity ◽  
Branched Dna ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

The performance characteristics of an enhanced-sensitivity branched-DNA assay (bDNA) (Quantiplex HIV-1 version 2.0; Chiron Corp., Emeryville, Calif.) and a reverse transcription (RT)-PCR assay (AMPLICOR HIV-1 Monitor; Roche Diagnostic Systems, Inc., Branchburg, N.J.) were compared in a molecular diagnostic laboratory. Samples used in this evaluation included linearity and reproducibility panels made by dilution of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) stock culture of known virus particle count in HIV-1-negative plasma, a subtype panel consisting of HIV-1 subtypes A through F at a standardized level, and 64 baseline plasma specimens from HIV-1-infected individuals. Plots of log10 HIV RNA copies per milliliter versus log10 nominal virus particles per milliliter demonstrated that both assays were linear over the stated dynamic ranges (bDNA, r = 0.98; RT-PCR,r = 0.99), but comparison of the slopes of the regression lines (bDNA, m = 0.96; RT-PCR,m = 0.83) suggested that RT-PCR had greater proportional systematic error. The between-run coefficients of variation for bDNA and RT-PCR were 24.3 and 34.3%, respectively, for a sample containing 1,650 nominal virus particles/ml and 44.0 and 42.7%, respectively, for a sample containing 165 nominal virus particles/ml. Subtypes B, C, and D were quantitated with similar efficiencies by bDNA and RT-PCR; however, RT-PCR was less efficient in quantitating subtypes A, E, and F. One non-B subtype was recognized in our clinical specimens based on the ratio of values obtained with the two methods. HIV-1 RNA was quantitated in 53 (83%) baseline plasma specimens by bDNA and in 55 (86%) specimens by RT-PCR. RT-PCR values were consistently greater than bDNA values, with population means of 142,419 and 67,580 copies/ml, respectively (P < 0.01). The results were highly correlated (r = 0.91), but the agreement was poor (mean difference in log10 copies per milliliter ± 2 standard deviations, 0.45 ± 0.61) for the 50 clinical specimens that gave discrete values with both methods.

Pharmacokinetics of Zidovudine and Acetaminophen in a Patient on Chronic Acetaminophen Therapy

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Burger ◽  
Pieter L. Meenhorst ◽  
Cornells H.W. Koks ◽  
Jos H. Beijnen
Keyword(s):  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Potential Interaction ◽  
Zidovudine Therapy ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Hiv 1

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of a potential interaction between acetaminophen and zidovudine in a patient who had used high daily doses of acetaminophen over many years. CASE SUMMARY: A 43-year-old man presented with HIV-1 infection, recurrent oral candidiasis, and chronic use of acetaminophen, codeine, and diazepam before he started zidovudine therapy. Although literature was available regarding short-term combined use of acetaminophen and zidovudine, information was lacking on zidovudine therapy and kinetics after long-term use of acetaminophen. Acetaminophen and zidovudine pharmacokinetics were determined on several occasions. The results showed extremely rapid absorption of both drugs (tmax, the time to reach maximum concentration. 10–15 minutes for acetaminophen and 15–20 minutes for zidovudine) and, consequently, relatively high maximum plasma concentration (Cmax). No influence on other pharmacokinetic parameters of either drug could be detected. Because the effect of high Cmax values of zidovudine is unknown, the patient was treated with a third of the dose of zidovudine used at that time (zidovudine 100 mg q6h). No toxicity or opportunistic infections developed within the next 8 months, after which the patient died of a cause unrelated to HIV infection. DISCUSSION: The observed pharmacokinetic profiles of both drugs are discussed and compared with two studies dealing with zidovudine therapy in combination with short-term use of acetaminophen and with a case report of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity during concomitant use of zidovudine. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term use of acetaminophen may accelerate the absorption of zidovudine. Although other causes cannot be ruled out, there was no influence on other pharmacokinetic parameters of zidovudine. No influence of zidovudine on acetaminophen concentrations was found. Combined use of zidovudine 100 mg q6h and acetaminophen 500 mg q4h appeared to be safe and effective for at least eight months.

Isolation of drug-resistant variants of HIV-1 from patients on long-term zidovudine therapy

AIDS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 411-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Rooke ◽  
Michel Tremblay ◽  
Hugo Soudeyns ◽  
Lucie DeStephano ◽  
Xiao-Jian Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zidovudine Therapy ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Hiv 1

Predictive value of sleep EEG markers in long-term course of depression

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Hatzinger ◽  
S Brand ◽  
U Hemmeter ◽  
B Annen ◽  
E Holsboer-Trachsler
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Sleep Eeg ◽  
Course Of Depression

scholarly journals Amiodarone-induced thyroid dysfunction in children: insights from the THYRAMIO study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 204201882110011
Author(s):  
Sarah Montenez ◽  
Stéphane Moniotte ◽  
Annie Robert ◽  
Lieven Desmet ◽  
Philippe A. Lysy
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Term Therapy ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Thyroid Status ◽  
Clinical Series ◽  
Amiodarone Treatment ◽  
Long Term Therapy ◽  
Treatment Dosage

Background: Amiodarone treatment is effective against various types of arrhythmias but is associated with adverse effects affecting, among other organs, thyroid function. Amiodarone-induced thyroid dysfunction was not thoroughly evaluated in children as it was in adults, yet this affection may lead to irreversible neurodevelopmental complications. Our study aimed to define the incidence and risk factors of amiodarone-induced thyroid dysfunction in children. Methods: The study was designed as an observational study with a retrospective clinical series of 152 children treated by amiodarone in the Pediatric Cardiology Unit of our center from 1990 to 2019. All patients were divided into three groups according to their thyroid status: euthyroid, AIH (amiodarone-induced hypothyroidism) or AIT (amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis). Patients from these three groups were compared in terms of key clinical and therapeutic features. Results: Amiodarone-induced thyroid dysfunction was present in 23% of patients. AIT (5.3%) was three times less common than AIH (17.7%), and its occurrence increased with older age ( p < 0.05), treatment dosage ( p < 0.05), treatment duration ( p < 0.05) and the number of loading doses administered ( p < 0.05). There were no distinctive clinical features between euthyroid and AIH groups. A multivariable prediction model of AIT was built, with a yield of 66.7% as positive predictive value and 96.7% as negative predictive value. Conclusion: We observed that one in five children developed amiodarone-induced thyroid dysfunction. Special attention is required for older children with a high dosage and long-term therapy and who received a large number of loading doses, since these children are at risk to develop AIT, which is more delicate to manage than AIH.

scholarly journals EFFICACY COMPARISON OF LONG-TERM AZT AND VIROSTATIC COMBINATION TREATMENT (AZT/DDI-AZT/DDC) IN HIV-1-POSITIVE PATIENTS

AIDS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement 4) ◽  
pp. S31
Author(s):  
G. Arendt ◽  
H. Hefter ◽  
H. Roick ◽  
H. -J. v. Giesen ◽  
St. Maus
Keyword(s):  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Hiv 1
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document