Effects of aroclor 1242® (a polychlorinated biphenyl) and DDT on cultures of an alga, protozoan, daphnid, ostracod, and guppy

1972 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet R. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Aroclor 1242

Collaborative Study of the Recovery and Gas Chromatographic Quantitation of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Chicken Fat and Polychlorinated Biphenyl–DDT Combinations in Fish

1973 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 1015-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon D Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Electron Capture ◽  
Silicic Acid ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Chlorinated Pesticides ◽  
Chicken Fat ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Aroclor 1242

Abstract Nine laboratories collaborated on the analyses of PCBs in chicken fat and DDT-PCB combinations in fish. Existing AOAC multipesticide methodology with GLC quantitation was employed. One solution containing a mixture of Aroclors 1254 and 1260 was analyzed by GLC only. The fish samples were subjected to a published silicic acid procedure for separating the DDT-PCB mixtures. The DDT analogs were quantitated before and after the separation. The PCB content was quantitated by total peak height and total area comparisons against appropriate Aroclor(s), using electron capture GLC, and additionally in 6 laboratories by total area comparisons, using halogen-specific detection. The electron capture GLC data demonstrated better accuracy and precision. The following PCB recoveries were obtained by using total peak height comparisons: 5 ppm mixed Aroclor solution, 100±4%; 8 ppm Aroclor 1242-fortified chicken fat, 101±13%; 7.5 ppm Aroclor 1248-fortified chicken fat, 96±9%; incurred Aroclor 1242 chicken fat, 9.2 ppm±8%; 6 ppm Aroclor 1254-fortified fish, 75±14%; 6 ppm Aroclor 1260-fortified fish, 75±15%; and an environmentally incurred residue in fish, 4.5 ppm±20%. The 2 Aroclor-fortified fish samples were concurrently spiked with the p,p′-isomers of DDE, TDE, and DDT at levels of 4, 1, and 3 ppm, respectively. After silicic acid separation the combined recoveries for these 2 samples were: DDE, 86±13%; TDE, 89±20%; and DDT, 84±17%. Environmentally incurred-DDT residues were recovered at 4.1 ppm±14% for p,p′-DDE, 0.7 ppm±24% for o,p′-DDT, and 2.7 ppm±17% for p,p′-DDT. The DDT values calculated before the silicic acid separation compared favorably with those summarized. The multiresidue method for chlorinated pesticides, 29.001–29.027, has been adopted official first action to include polychlorinated biphenyls in poultry fat and fish.

Excretion of Hydroxylated Polychlorinated Biphenyl Metabolites in Cows’ Milk

1976 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert M Gardner ◽  
Herbert F Righter ◽  
John A G Roach
Keyword(s):  
Oral Dose ◽  
Single Oral Dose ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Aroclor 1254 ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Aroclor 1242 ◽  
Pcb Metabolites ◽  
Polybrominated Biphenyl ◽  
Hydroxy Metabolites

Abstract Four lactating Holstein cows were each given a single oral dose of either 0,5 g 2,5,2′,5′-tetrachlorobiphenyl, 0.5 g 2,5,2′,4′,5′-pentachlorobiphenyl, 1.5 g Aroclor 1242, or 1.5 g Aroclor 1254 in gelatin capsules. Milk samples were collected twice daily at the am and pm milkings and were analyzed for polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) metabolites and PCBs. Excretion of metabolites in the milk paralleled excretion of the parent PCBs, with maximum amounts eliminated 1 day after dosing. Less than 0.06% of the initial doses of the 2 single components appeared as metabolites in milk over a period of 10 days. Most of the metabolites occurred as conjugates. Only the 4-hydroxy metabolites were found in the milk of cows given single components. Milk samples from cows given Aroclor 1242 or Aroclor 1254 contained 10 and 4 monohydroxy metabolites, respectively. Using the same methodology, no monohydroxy metabolites were detected in whole milk samples from herds accidentally contaminated with a polybrominated biphenyl mixture.

DDT and polychlorinated biphenyl (Aroclor 1242). Effects of uptake on E. coli growth☆

1972 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 837-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
J KEIL ◽  
S SANDIFER ◽  
C GRABER ◽  
L PRIESTER
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Aroclor 1242 ◽  
Coli Growth

scholarly journals Psychrotolerant Bacteria Isolated from Arctic Soil That Degrade Polychlorinated Biphenyls at Low Temperatures

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 4823-4829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma R. Master ◽  
William W. Mohn
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Total Removal ◽  
Pcb Congeners ◽  
Arctic Soil ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Aroclor 1242

ABSTRACT Psychrotolerant polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-degrading bacteria were isolated at 7°C from PCB-contaminated Arctic soil by using biphenyl as the sole organic carbon source. These isolates were distinguished from each other by differences in substrates that supported growth and substrates that were oxidized. 16S ribosomal DNA sequences suggest that these isolates are most closely related to the genus Pseudomonas. Total removal of Aroclor 1242, and rates of removal of selected PCB congeners, by cell suspensions of Arctic soil isolates and the mesophile Burkholderia cepacia LB400 were determined at 7, 37, and 50°C. Total removal values of Aroclor 1242 at 7°C by LB400 and most Arctic soil isolates were similar (between 2 and 3.5 μg of PCBs per mg of cell protein). However the rates of removal of some individual PCB congeners by Arctic isolates were up to 10 times higher than corresponding rates of removal by LB400. Total removal of Aroclor 1242 and the rates of removal of individual congeners by the Arctic soil bacteria were higher at 37°C than at 7°C but as much as 90% lower at 50°C than at 37°C. In contrast, rates of PCB removal by LB400 were higher at 50°C than at 37°C. In all cases, temperature did not affect the congener specificity of the bacteria. These observations suggest that the PCB-degrading enzyme systems of the bacteria isolated from Arctic soil are cold adapted.

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