Interspecific incompatibility in Populus: inhibition of tube growth and behaviour of the male germ unit inP. deltoides×P. alba cross

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 168 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 107-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireille Rougier ◽  
Najat Jnoud ◽  
Charlette Saïd ◽  
S. Russell ◽  
C. Dumas
Keyword(s):  
Tube Growth ◽  
Male Germ Unit ◽  
Interspecific Incompatibility

Incompatibility in forest trees

1975 ◽  
Vol 188 (1092) ◽  
pp. 313-326 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Genetic Load ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Breeding Systems ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Alternative Mechanism ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Forest Tree Breeding ◽  
Interspecific Incompatibility

Despite the great importance for forest tree breeding, very limited knowledge is yet available about the breeding systems of forest trees. Where incompatibility has been studied in the hardwoods; patterns have been observed which confirm the general rules detected for other angiosperms. Self- and interspecific incompatibility at the level of pollen tube growth has been reported for example in Betula and Alnus . In Alnus one case of unilateral interspecific incompatibility has been found. Self-incompatibility has, so far, not been reported from the conifers. Inter-specific incompatibility in the form of the arrestment of the pollen tube growth in the nucellus tissue has been observed in Picea and is particularly clear in Pinus crosses between the subgenera and Haploxylon and Diploxylon , but also within the Diploxylon -group. The nature of the incompatibility mechanism is still unknown, but serological differences related to the behaviour in the crosses has been detected in birch and pine pollen. It is suggested that the complex polysaccharidic composition of the cell walls and membranes might form a specific stereochemical basis for the incompatibility reaction. The presence of a combination of self-pollination, polyembryony and genetic load is discussed as an alternative mechanism favouring outbreeding in the Gymnosperms.

Inhibition of Pollen Tube Growth by Diffusate and Extract of Grape Pistils

1989 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goro OKAMOTO ◽  
Ikuo SHIBUYA ◽  
Miwa FURUICHI ◽  
Kazuo SHIMAMURA
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Tube Growth

scholarly journals Hyperoside promotes pollen tube growth by regulating the depolymerization effect of actin-depolymerizing factor 1 on microfilaments in okra

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biying Dong ◽  
Qing Yang ◽  
Zhihua Song ◽  
Lili Niu ◽  
Hongyan Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Actin Depolymerizing Factor ◽  
Specific Mechanism ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
New Research

AbstractMature pollen germinates rapidly on the stigma, extending its pollen tube to deliver sperm cells to the ovule for fertilization. The success of this process is an important factor that limits output. The flavonoid content increased significantly during pollen germination and pollen tube growth, which suggests it may play an important role in these processes. However, the specific mechanism of this involvement has been little researched. Our previous research found that hyperoside can prolong the flowering period of Abelmoschus esculentus (okra), but its specific mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, in this study, we focused on the effect of hyperoside in regulating the actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF), which further affects the germination and growth of pollen. We found that hyperoside can prolong the effective pollination period of okra by 2–3-fold and promote the growth of pollen tubes in the style. Then, we used Nicotiana benthamiana cells as a research system and found that hyperoside accelerates the depolymerization of intercellular microfilaments. Hyperoside can promote pollen germination and pollen tube elongation in vitro. Moreover, AeADF1 was identified out of all AeADF genes as being highly expressed in pollen tubes in response to hyperoside. In addition, hyperoside promoted AeADF1-mediated microfilament dissipation according to microfilament severing experiments in vitro. In the pollen tube, the gene expression of AeADF1 was reduced to 1/5 by oligonucleotide transfection. The decrease in the expression level of AeADF1 partially reduced the promoting effect of hyperoside on pollen germination and pollen tube growth. This research provides new research directions for flavonoids in reproductive development.

scholarly journals Two Expansin Genes, AtEXPA4 and AtEXPB5, Are Redundantly Required for Pollen Tube Growth and AtEXPA4 Is Involved in Primary Root Elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Weimiao Liu ◽  
Liai Xu ◽  
Hui Lin ◽  
Jiashu Cao
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Cell Wall Binding

The growth of plant cells is inseparable from relaxation and expansion of cell walls. Expansins are a class of cell wall binding proteins, which play important roles in the relaxation of cell walls. Although there are many members in expansin gene family, the functions of most expansin genes in plant growth and development are still poorly understood. In this study, the functions of two expansin genes, AtEXPA4 and AtEXPB5 were characterized in Arabidopsis thaliana. AtEXPA4 and AtEXPB5 displayed consistent expression patterns in mature pollen grains and pollen tubes, but AtEXPA4 also showed a high expression level in primary roots. Two single mutants, atexpa4 and atexpb5, showed normal reproductive development, whereas atexpa4atexpb5 double mutant was defective in pollen tube growth. Moreover, AtEXPA4 overexpression enhanced primary root elongation, on the contrary, knocking out AtEXPA4 made the growth of primary root slower. Our results indicated that AtEXPA4 and AtEXPB5 were redundantly involved in pollen tube growth and AtEXPA4 was required for primary root elongation.

The effects of pollinizers on pollen tube growth and fruit set of European plum (Prunus domestica L.) in a Nordic climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 ◽  
pp. 110390
Author(s):  
Radosav Cerović ◽  
Milica Fotirić Akšić ◽  
Milena Đorđević ◽  
Mekjell Meland
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Prunus Domestica

scholarly journals Testing of self-(in)compatibility in apricot cultivars from European breeding programmes

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Milatović ◽  
D. Nikolić ◽  
B. Krška
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Self Incompatibility ◽  
Breeding Programmes

Self-(in)compatibility was tested in 40 new apricot cultivars from European breeding programmes. Pollen-tube growth in pistils from laboratory pollinations was analysed using the fluorescence microscopy. Cultivars were considered self-compatible if at least one pollen tube reached the ovary in the majority of pistils. Cultivars were considered self- incompatible if the growth of pollen tubes in the style stopped along with formation of characteristic swellings. Of the examined cultivars, 18 were self-compatible and 22 were self-incompatible. Fluorescence microscopy provides a relatively rapid and reliable method to determine self-incompatibility in apricot cultivars.      

scholarly journals Paving the Way for Fertilization: The Role of the Transmitting Tract

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2603
Author(s):  
Ana Marta Pereira ◽  
Diana Moreira ◽  
Sílvia Coimbra ◽  
Simona Masiero
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Embryo Sac ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Signaling Cascades ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Transmitting Tract ◽  
Specialized Tissue

Angiosperm reproduction relies on the precise growth of the pollen tube through different pistil tissues carrying two sperm cells into the ovules’ embryo sac, where they fuse with the egg and the central cell to accomplish double fertilization and ultimately initiate seed development. A network of intrinsic and tightly regulated communication and signaling cascades, which mediate continuous interactions between the pollen tube and the sporophytic and gametophytic female tissues, ensures the fast and meticulous growth of pollen tubes along the pistil, until it reaches the ovule embryo sac. Most of the pollen tube growth occurs in a specialized tissue—the transmitting tract—connecting the stigma, the style, and the ovary. This tissue is composed of highly secretory cells responsible for producing an extensive extracellular matrix. This multifaceted matrix is proposed to support and provide nutrition and adhesion for pollen tube growth and guidance. Insights pertaining to the mechanisms that underlie these processes remain sparse due to the difficulty of accessing and manipulating the female sporophytic tissues enclosed in the pistil. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on this key step of reproduction in flowering plants with special emphasis on the female transmitting tract tissue.

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