The effects of various soil treatments on the occurrence of marsh spot in peas and on manganese uptake and yield of oats and timothy

1956 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Heintze
Keyword(s):  
Manganese Uptake ◽  
Marsh Spot ◽  
Yield Of Oats

Control of manganese deficiency in field peas grown for seed or human consumption

1996 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-213
Author(s):  
C. M. Knott
Keyword(s):  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Manganese Carbonate ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Manganese Deficiency ◽  
Early Application ◽  
Split Dose ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Marsh Spot

SUMMARYThe effect of foliar applications of different formulations of manganese on pea yield and ‘marsh spot’, a seed defect which reduces quality of peas (Pisum sativum) grown for human consumption or seed was evaluated in nine experiments in the East of England from 1992 to 1994. Sprays, at dose rates recommended by the manufacturer, were applied to field peas, cvs Maro or Bunting, on three occasions at the four node pea growth stage, first pod and 14 days later, or on two occasions at first pod stage and 14 days later. Although the sites selected had a previous history of marsh spot in pea crops, there were no visual foliar symptoms of manganese deficiency in peas grown in any year at any site. Applications of manganese did not increase yields compared with untreated peas and there was no effect on maturity. Marsh spot was negligible in untreated peas at sites where soils had the lowest levels of manganese (22 and 44 mg/kg), thus soil analysis for manganese may be inappropriate as a guide to prediction of marsh spot problems. The three spray programmes, which included an early application of manganese at the 4–5 node stage, gave no statistically significant improvements in marsh spot control. There was a good correlation between amounts of manganese applied and reductions in marsh spot, and manganese sulphate, 31% w/w at 3·1 kg/ha applied as a split dose, achieved the best control. An exception was the manganese carbonate 50% w/v formulation which may have been poorly assimilated by the plant. Chelated manganese as MnEDTA 6·4% w/v at the rates recommended by the manufacturer was inadequate for control of marsh spot in all years.

scholarly journals Bacillus subtilisMntR coordinates the transcriptional regulation of manganese uptake and efflux systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Huang ◽  
Jung-Ho Shin ◽  
Azul Pinochet-Barros ◽  
Tina T. Su ◽  
John D. Helmann
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Manganese Uptake

Manganese as a Micronutrient in Agriculture: Crop Requirement and Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 225-242
Author(s):  
MH Rashed ◽  
TS Hoque ◽  
MMR Jahangir ◽  
MA Hashem
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Nutrient Elements ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Critical Levels ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Safe Environment ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Cell Compartments ◽  
Manganese Uptake

Manganese (Mn) as an essential plant micronutrient affects plant development, when at deficient or toxic levels. Manganese is used in several biological processes as an important contributor in plant growth and development. Manganese uptake depends on forms of Mn in soil solution, crop characteristics including growth rate, and ineteractions with other environmental factors. Its distribution in soils and requirement for crops vary from location to location, depending on soil type and reactions. Despite the metabolic roles of Mn in different plant cell compartments, the importance of Mn requirement in plants, distribution in soils and application to crops has been understated. As a micronutrient, judicious Mn management requires to critically evaluating its concentration in soils, biochemical functions, critical levels, soil availability and interactions with other nutrient elements is essential. This review has critically analysed the existing body of knowledge on Mn distribution in soils, dynamics, functions and management towards better crop production and safe environment. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 12(1&2): 225-242, 2019

EFFECT OF DITHIOCARBAMATE AND OXATHIIN FUNGICIDES ON THE YIELD OF OATS IN THE ABSENCE OF FOLIAR DISEASES

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Martens ◽  
G. Fleischmann ◽  
R. I. H. McKenzie ◽  
L. Piening
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Diseases ◽  
Yield Of Oats

not available

scholarly journals Evaluation of glassy frits as micronutrient fertilizers. II. Manganese frits.

1967 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
C.H. Henkens ◽  
K.W. Smilde
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Mn Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Foliar Treatment ◽  
Marsh Spot ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Better Than

In pot and field tests MnSO4 and the frits FTE Z 4 (13 % Mn), HZ 1 (15.9 % Mn) and HZ 17 (21 % Mn) increased reducible soil Mn for at least 1 1/2-2 years. Mn content of pasture increased four-fold in the first cut after application of 400 kg/ha MnSO4 but sharply decreased in later cuts and became negligible by the second year. 400 kg/ha HZ 17 did not affect pasture Mn. In peas 400 kg of soil- or foliar applied MnSO4 controlled marsh spot better than 800 kg HZ 1; spraying at the middle and again at the end of the blooming stage gave the best control. With sugar beet, soil dressings of MnSO4, HZ 1 and HZ 17 equally increased yield, sugar production and leaf Mn, and decreased incidence of Mn deficiency. When the rates of these fertilizers were increased from 100, 179 and 86 kg respectively to 400, 714 and 343 kg, sugar production was not significantly improved; leaf Mn and incidence of deficiency symptoms responded to the higher Mn rates. Soil application was rather better than foliar treatment. No treatment controlled Mn deficiency throughout the entire season. The % of Mn-deficient plants was related, negatively, to leaf and reducible soil Mn, but not to yield. Soil-applied Mn did not control gray spot in oats or increase yields but sprayed Mn did. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals In vivo multi-parametric manganese-enhanced MRI for detecting senile plaques in rodent models of Alzheimer’s disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Kim ◽  
Davide Di Censo ◽  
Mattia Baraldo ◽  
Camilla Simmons ◽  
Ilaria Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Senile Plaques ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Enhanced Mri ◽  
Manganese Uptake ◽  
5Xfad Mice ◽  
Manganese Enhanced Mri

AbstractSenile plaques are a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that develop in its earliest stages. Thus, non-invasive detection of these plaques would be invaluable for diagnosis and the development and monitoring of treatments, but this remains a challenge due to their small size. Here, we investigated the utility of manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) for visualizing plaques in transgenic rodent models of AD across two species: 5xFAD mice and TgF344-AD rats.Fourteen mice (eight transgenic, six wild-type) and eight rats (four transgenic, four wild-type) were given subcutaneous injections of MnCl2 and imaged in vivo using a 9.4T Bruker scanner. Susceptibility-weighted images, transverse relaxation rate (R2*) maps, and quantitative susceptibility maps were derived from high-resolution 3D multi-gradient-echo (MGE) data to directly visualize plaques. Longitudinal relaxation rate (R1) maps were derived from MP2RAGE data to measure regional manganese uptake. After scanning, the brains were processed for histology and stained for beta-amyloid (4G8 antibody), iron (Perl’s), and calcium/manganese (Alizarin Red).MnCl2 improved signal-to-noise ratio (1.55±0.39-fold increase in MGE images) as expected, although this was not necessary for detection of plaques in the high-resolution images. Plaques were visible in susceptibility-weighted images, R2* maps, and quantitative susceptibility maps, with increased R2* and more positive magnetic susceptibility compared to surrounding tissue.In the 5xFAD mice, most MR-visible plaques were in the hippocampus, though histology confirmed plaques in the cortex and thalamus as well. In the TgF344-AD rats, many more plaques were MR-visible throughout the hippocampus and cortex. Beta-amyloid and iron staining indicate that, in both models, MR visibility was driven by plaque size and iron load.Voxel-wise comparison of R1 maps revealed increased manganese uptake in brain regions of high plaque burden in transgenic animals compared to their wild-type littermates. Interestingly, in contrast to plaque visibility in the high-resolution images, the increased manganese uptake was limited to the rhinencephalon in the TgF344-AD rats (family-wise error (FWE)-corrected p < 0.05) while it was most significantly increased in the cortex of the 5xFAD mice (FWE-corrected p < 0.3). Alizarin Red staining suggests that manganese bound to plaques in 5xFAD mice but not in TgF344-AD rats.Multi-parametric MEMRI is a simple, viable method for detecting senile plaques in rodent models of AD. Manganese-induced signal enhancement can enable higher-resolution imaging, which is key to visualizing these small amyloid deposits. We also present in vivo evidence of manganese as a potential targeted contrast agent for imaging plaques in the 5xFAD model of AD.HighlightsThis is the first study to use manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) for direct visualization of senile plaques in rodent models of Alzheimer’s disease, in vivo.Manganese enhancement is not necessary to detect plaques but improves image contrast and signal-to-noise ratio.Manganese binds to plaques in 5xFAD mice but not in TgF344-AD rats, demonstrating potential as a targeted contrast agent for imaging plaques in certain models of AD.

scholarly journals Accurate technologies of agricultural crops cultivation for organic farming

2021 ◽  
Vol 843 (1) ◽  
pp. 012028
Author(s):  
V F Kirdin ◽  
Yu A Laptina
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Leguminous Crops ◽  
Rotation Crop ◽  
Yield Of Oats

Abstract The article presents the results of many years of experiments on the development of energy-saving farming systems. Preference in crop rotations should be given to multi-depth combined treatments that provide high productivity and are characterized by high-energy efficiency. Data on the yield of grain and leguminous crops in a six-field grain crop rotation with constant dump and combined longline tillage shows that the yield of oats in the first year of rotation according to the experimental variants was the same and amounted to 3.60 t/ha. In the second year of winter wheat yield in the variant with longline tillage was by 0.20 t/ha more in comparison with a plow on row, in the third year the difference in yield of spring barley on options for primary processing amounted to 0.30 t/ha in favor of combined tiered processing, in the fourth year the yield of peas has also been found to 0.40 t/ha more, also on the option of combined longline processing in the fifth year of the rotation crop of winter triticale. The yield of oats was 0.30 t/ha higher, and in the sixth year the yield of oats was 0.40 t/ha higher on the variant of combined longline processing.

scholarly journals Manganese transport by Streptococcus sanguinis in acidic conditions and its impact on growth in vitro and in vivo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Puccio ◽  
Alexander C Schultz ◽  
Claudia A Lizarraga ◽  
Ashley S Bryant ◽  
David J Culp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Sanguinis ◽  
Manganese Uptake ◽  
Zip Family ◽  
Oral Environment ◽  
Colonization Model ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Oral Colonization ◽  
Manganese Transport

Streptococcus sanguinis is an oral commensal and an etiological agent of infective endocarditis. Previous studies have identified the SsaACB manganese transporter as essential for endocarditis virulence; however, the significance of SsaACB in the oral environment has never been examined. Here we report that a ΔssaACB mutant of strain SK36 exhibits reduced growth and manganese uptake under acidic conditions. Further studies revealed that these deficits resulted from the decreased activity of TmpA, shown in the accompanying paper to function as a ZIP-family manganese transporter. Transcriptomic analysis of fermentor-grown cultures of SK36 WT and ΔssaACB strains identified pH-dependent changes related to carbon catabolite repression in both strains, though their magnitude was generally greater in the mutant. In strain VMC66, which possesses a MntH transporter, loss of SsaACB did not significantly alter growth or cellular manganese levels under the same conditions. Interestingly, there were only modest differences between SK36 and its ΔssaACB mutant in competition with Streptococcus mutans in vitro and in a murine oral colonization model. Our results suggest that the heterogeneity of the oral environment may provide a rationale for the variety of manganese transporters found in S. sanguinis and point to strategies for enhancing the safety of oral probiotics.

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