Distribution of airborne pollen and spores and their long distance transport

1978 ◽  
Vol 116 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 309-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Airborne Pollen ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
Pollen And Spores ◽  
Airborne Pollen And Spores ◽  
Distance Transport

scholarly journals The phenology of flowering and fluctuations of airborne pollen concentrations of selected trees in Poznań, 2003-2004

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicja Stach ◽  
Magdalena Kluza-Wieloch ◽  
Alicja Zientarska
Keyword(s):  
Airborne Pollen ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Salix Caprea ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
Pollen Concentrations ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Specific Species ◽  
Distance Transport

The aim of the study was to describe the relationships between the flowering phase of selected tree species, whose pollen is known to be allergenic, and fluctuations in the pollen in the air, and to use results obtained for making allergological forecasts. Studies were conducted of five tree taxa: <i>Populus</i>, <i>Ulmus</i>, <i>Salix</i>, <i>Aesculus</i>, and <i>Tilia</i>, in the years 2003-2004. Aeropalinological analyses concerned the above mentioned genera, while in phenological studies specific species were investigated, i.e. the most common representatives of a given genus found in Poland, that is <i>Populus wilsonii</i>, <i>Ulmus laevis</i> Pall. C. K.Schneid., <i>Salix caprea</i> L., <i>Aesculus hippocastanum</i> L. and <i>Tilia cordata</i> Mill. Aerobiological monitoring was performed using a the volumetric method and phenological observations of flowering phases were made according to the Łukasiewicz method. While observing the emergence of individual phenological symptoms and measurements of the concentration of pollen of the investigated taxa in the air of Poznań, a distinct acceleration was observed in 2004, a year that was characterized by a milder winter. This applied not only to the species blooming in early spring, but also to the later ones. Pollen grains of the investigated taxa, except for <i>Aesculus</i>, appeared earlier in aeropalinological observations than the macroscopically observed beginning of flowering in selected trees. Apart from a poplar, the end of flowering in the other trees occurred each year earlier than would follow from the aerobiological observations. This may be explained by the abundance of species within a taxon, and the effect of medium - and long-distance transport.

The Fine Structure of Phloem Cells

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 632-635
Author(s):  
James Cronshaw
Keyword(s):  
Structural Studies ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Phloem Tissue ◽  
Sieve Elements ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
P Protein ◽  
Companion Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopical ◽  
Distance Transport

Long distance transport in plants takes place in phloem tissue which has characteristic cells, the sieve elements. At maturity these cells have sieve areas in their end walls with specialized perforations. They are associated with companion cells, parenchyma cells, and in some species, with transfer cells. The protoplast of the functioning sieve element contains a high concentration of sugar, and consequently a high hydrostatic pressure, which makes it extremely difficult to fix mature sieve elements for electron microscopical observation without the formation of surge artifacts. Despite many structural studies which have attempted to prevent surge artifacts, several features of mature sieve elements, such as the distribution of P-protein and the nature of the contents of the sieve area pores, remain controversial.

Airborne pollen and spores’ deposition in alveolar tissues as a tool in drowning forensic diagnosis

Aerobiologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. García-Mozo ◽  
C. M. Beltran-Aroca ◽  
I. K. Badu ◽  
I. Jimena ◽  
E. Girela-López
Keyword(s):  
Airborne Pollen ◽  
Pollen And Spores ◽  
Airborne Pollen And Spores

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Long-Distance Transportation with the Example of Sea and Rail Transport

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1689
Author(s):  
Tomasz Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Eastern China ◽  
Time Cost ◽  
Topsis Method ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Transport Analysis ◽  
Multi Criteria Analysis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Distance Transport

The subject of the article is a comparative long-distance transport analysis based on the relationship between central and eastern China and Poland. It provides an overview of issues related to long-haul China–Poland. The technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method was proposed in the multi-criteria analysis. This method was briefly discussed, and its choice was justified. Then, the criteria adopted in the analysis were presented, i.e., time, cost, maximum number of containers, and ecology index. Multi-criteria analysis was carried out for three cases: the transport of one loading unit, 82 loading units, and 200 loading units. The geopolitical and operational situation on the transport route for the analyzed modes of transport was discussed.

scholarly journals Selecting sorting centres to avoid long distance transport of weaned beef calves

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Morel-Journel ◽  
E. Vergu ◽  
J.-B. Mercier ◽  
N. Bareille ◽  
P. Ezanno
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Beef Calves ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Distance Transport ◽  
French Beef ◽  
General Concern

AbstractThe transport of weaned calves from cow–calf producers to fatteners is a general concern for the young bull industry due to its documented negative impact on the welfare, health and performance of the animals. These transfers are often managed by intermediaries who transport weaned calves to sorting centres, where they are grouped into batches before being sent to fattening units. In this study, we present an algorithm to limiting these transfer distances by appropriately selecting the sorting centre through which they must go. We tested the effectiveness of this algorithm on historical data from a French beef producer organization managing 136,892 transfers using 13 sorting centres. The results show a decrease in the transfer distances compared to the historical record, especially for the calves travelling over long distances (− 76 km, i.e. 18% on average for the 33% longest transfers). Moreover, the distribution of calves between the sorting centres proposed by the algorithm reveals differences in their efficiency in minimizing transfer distances. In addition to its usefulness as a management tool for the daily transport of cattle, this algorithm provides prospects for improving the management of the sorting centres themselves.

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