The role of organic material in atmospheric aerosols

1978 ◽  
Vol 116 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 283-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Jaenicke
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Organic Material

scholarly journals Aging of atmospheric aerosols and the role of iron in catalyzing brown carbon formation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind A. A. Al-Abadleh
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Secondary Organic Aerosol ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Atmospheric Oxidation ◽  
Carbon Formation ◽  
Brown Carbon ◽  
Volatile Organic

Extensive research has been done on the processes that lead to the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) including atmospheric oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from biogenic and anthropogenic...

scholarly journals Climate Change and Aerosol Sciences

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Kehan Li
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Modern Times

Climate change is of great importance in modern times and global warming is considered as a significant part of climate change. It is proved that human’s emissions such as greenhouse gases are one of the main sources of global warming (IPCC, 2018). Apart from greenhouse gases, there is another kind of matter being released in quantity via emissions from industries and transportations and playing an important role in global warming, which is aerosol. However, atmospheric aerosols have the net effect of cooling towards global warming. In this paper, climate change with respect to global warming is briefly introduced and the role of aerosols in the atmosphere is emphasized. Besides, properties of aerosols including dynamics and thermodynamics of aerosols as well as interactions with solar radiation are concluded. In the end, environmental policies and solutions are discussed. Keywords: Climate change, Global warming, Atmospheric aerosols, Particulate matter, Radiation, Environmental policy.

Role of organic material in the plasticity of Bothkennar clay

Géotechnique ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Paul ◽  
B. F. Barras
Keyword(s):  
Organic Material

scholarly journals The role of H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>-NH<sub>3</sub> anion clusters in ion-induced aerosol nucleation mechanisms in the boreal forest

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 13231-13243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Yan ◽  
Lubna Dada ◽  
Clémence Rose ◽  
Tuija Jokinen ◽  
Wei Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Anion Clusters ◽  
Nucleation Mechanisms ◽  
Important Pathway ◽  
Chamber Studies ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. New particle formation (NPF) provides a large source of atmospheric aerosols, which affect the climate and human health. In recent chamber studies, ion-induced nucleation (IIN) has been discovered as an important pathway of forming particles; however, atmospheric investigation remains incomplete. For this study, we investigated the air anion compositions in the boreal forest in southern Finland for three consecutive springs, with a special focus on H2SO4-NH3 anion clusters. We found that the ratio between the concentrations of highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) and H2SO4 controlled the appearance of H2SO4-NH3 clusters (3<no.S<13): all such clusters were observed when [HOM] ∕ [H2SO4] was smaller than 30. The number of H2SO4 molecules in the largest observable cluster correlated with the probability of ion-induced nucleation (IIN) occurrence, which reached almost 100 % when the largest observable cluster contained six or more H2SO4 molecules. During selected cases when the time evolution of H2SO4-NH3 clusters could be tracked, the calculated ion growth rates exhibited good agreement across measurement methods and cluster (particle) sizes. In these cases, H2SO4-NH3 clusters alone could explain ion growth up to 3 nm (mobility diameter). IIN events also occurred in the absence of H2SO4-NH3, implying that other NPF mechanisms also prevail at this site, most likely involving HOMs. It seems that H2SO4 and HOMs both affect the occurrence of an IIN event, but their ratio ([HOMs] ∕ [H2SO4]) defines the primary mechanism of the event. Since that ratio is strongly influenced by solar radiation and temperature, the IIN mechanism ought to vary depending on conditions and seasons.

scholarly journals Impact of Aerosol-Cloud Cycling on Aqueous Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 666 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Tsui ◽  
Joseph L. Woo ◽  
V. Faye McNeill
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Atmospheric Models ◽  
Cloud Processing ◽  
Aerosol Mass ◽  
Phase Chemistry ◽  
The Impact

Chemical processing of organic material in aqueous atmospheric aerosols and cloudwater is known to form secondary organic aerosols (SOA), although the extent to which each of these processes contributes to total aerosol mass is unclear. In this study, we use GAMMA 5.0, a photochemical box model with coupled gas and aqueous-phase chemistry, to consider the impact of aqueous organic reactions in both aqueous aerosols and clouds on isoprene epoxydiol (IEPOX) SOA over a range of pH for both aqueous phases, including cycling between cloud and aerosol within a single simulation. Low pH aqueous aerosol, in the absence of organic coatings or other morphology which may limit uptake of IEPOX, is found to be an efficient source of IEPOX SOA, consistent with previous work. Cloudwater at pH 4 or lower is also found to be a potentially significant source of IEPOX SOA. This phenomenon is primarily attributed to the relatively high uptake of IEPOX to clouds as a result of higher water content in clouds as compared with aerosol. For more acidic cloudwater, the aqueous organic material is comprised primarily of IEPOX SOA and lower-volatility organic acids. Both cloudwater pH and the time of day or sequence of aerosol-to-cloud or cloud-to-aerosol transitions impacted final aqueous SOA mass and composition in the simulations. The potential significance of cloud processing as a contributor to IEPOX SOA production could account for discrepancies between predicted IEPOX SOA mass from atmospheric models and measured ambient IEPOX SOA mass, or observations of IEPOX SOA in locations where mass transfer limitations are expected in aerosol particles.

scholarly journals The role of atmospheric ions in aerosol nucleation – a review

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (16) ◽  
pp. 4911-4923 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Enghoff ◽  
H. Svensmark
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
The State ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Theory And Experiments

Abstract. Atmospheric aerosols affect climate and yet the reason for many observed events of new aerosol formation is not understood. One of the theories put forward to explain these events is that the presence of ions can enhance the formation of aerosols. The theory is called Ion Induced Nucleation and in this paper the state of observations, theory and experiments within the field will be reviewed. While evidence for Ion Induced Nucleation is accumulating the exact mechanism is still not known and more research is required to understand and quantify the effect.

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of aging products in the glyoxal/ammonium sulfate system - implications for light-absorbing material in atmospheric aerosols

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 6235-6262
Author(s):  
C. J. Kampf ◽  
R. Jakob ◽  
T. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Molecular Product ◽  
Product Identification ◽  
Absorbing Material ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Absorbance Band

Abstract. In this study we report the identification of bicyclic imidazoles in aqueous aerosol mimics using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. 2,2´-Biimidazole was identified to be a major contributor to the 280 nm absorbance band observed in mixtures of glyoxal and ammonium sulfate, despite the fact that its production rate is two orders of magnitude lower than the previously reported production rates of imidazole or imidazole-2-carboxaldehyde. The molar absorptivity of 2,2´-biimidazole was determined to be (36 690&amp;pm;998) M−1 cm−1. This demonstrates the necessity of molecular product identification at trace levels to enable a better understanding of relevant absorbing species. Additionally the formation of lower polarity products including formamides of imidazoles is proposed. The role of imidazoles and other light-absorbing species in the formation of SOA and optical properties of SOA is discussed and potentially interesting fields for future investigations are outlined.

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