Measuring pesticide volatilization from small surface areas in the field

1985 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 569-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul F. Sanders ◽  
Michael M. McChesney ◽  
James N. Seiber
Keyword(s):  
Small Surface ◽  
Surface Areas

Interference methods of measuring radii of curvature on small surface areas

1972 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 761-762
Author(s):  
E. P. Osmolovskaya ◽  
I. G. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Small Surface ◽  
Surface Areas

scholarly journals Low-complexity domains adhere by reversible amyloid-like interactions between kinked β-sheets

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Hughes ◽  
Michael R. Sawaya ◽  
Lukasz Goldschmidt ◽  
Jose A. Rodriguez ◽  
Duilio Cascio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyloid Fibrils ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Nuclear Pore ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Small Surface ◽  
P Bodies ◽  
Atomic Structures ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Rna Binders ◽  
As Stress

AbstractControl of metabolism by compartmentation is a widespread feature of higher cells. Recent studies have focused on dynamic intracellular bodies such as stress granules, P-bodies, nucleoli, and metabolic puncta. These bodies appear as separate phases, some containing reversible, amyloid-like fibrils formed by interactions of low-complexity protein domains. Here we report five atomic structures of segments of low-complexity domains from granule-forming proteins, one determined to 1.1 Å resolution by micro-electron diffraction. Four of these interacting protein segments show common characteristics, all in contrast to pathogenic amyloid: kinked peptide backbones, small surface areas of interaction, and predominate attractions between aromatic side-chains. By computationally threading the human proteome on three of our kinked structures, we identified hundreds of low-complexity segments potentially capable of forming such reversible interactions. These segments are found in proteins as diverse as RNA binders, nuclear pore proteins, keratins, and cornified envelope proteins, consistent with the capacity of cells to form a wide variety of dynamic intracellular bodies.One Sentence SummaryAtomic structures show transient membraneless organelles of cells formed by a new type of protein interaction akin to pathogenic amyloid fibrils.

Analysis of Solar Power and Energy Variability Through Site Adaptation of Satellite Data With Quality Controlled Measured Solar Radiation Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaviraj Bangarigadu ◽  
Tavish Hookoom ◽  
Yatindra Kumar Ramgolam ◽  
Nadia Foo Kune
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Small Surface ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Quality Control Process ◽  
Winter Peak ◽  
Removal Technique

Abstract Satellite-based solar power data is becoming more and more important because of its continuous temporal and spatial availability. However, its reliability can be enhanced through quality control and calibration against ground-based measurement data. Here, a holistic methodology is employed for the adaptation of satellite-based data for estimating solar energy. For the purpose, high-quality ground-based measurement data and satellite-based datasets are assessed across 12 sites in three small islands located in the Indian Ocean. Initially, both datasets go through a rigorous quality control process. A quantitative analysis of irradiance and insolation data is then conducted. Eventually, site adaptation of satellite-based data is performed using bias removal technique and statistical analysis of datasets. A set of seven statistical performance indicators is used to support the assessment. Analysis of datasets shows that adaptation of peak values should be performed separately. Results showed that despite the small surface areas of the islands studied, a spatial variation of insolation can be depicted. A temporal variation of insolation is also noted with a peak in the summer and low insolation levels in winter. Peak irradiance values tend to exceed solar constant for all sites. Variations of peak irradiance can only be noticed in ground-based measurement data. While insolation levels are comparable in the summer season for all the sites, insolation levels in the winter season are higher in the sites with lower latitudes. Calibration factors for peak irradiance, monthly and annual average irradiance as well as yearly insolation are presented.

The Measurement of Small Surface Areas by the B.E.T. Adsorption Method1

1965 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 2300-2305 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Chènebault ◽  
A. Schürenkämper
Keyword(s):  
Small Surface ◽  
Surface Areas

Receptor mobility and the cytoskeleton in some human leukemic cells

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-313
Author(s):  
J.H.M. Temmink
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Small Surface ◽  
Prolymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Surface Receptor ◽  
Human Leukemic Cells

Introduction. Lymphoid cells will, under certain conditions, exhibit striking exemples of surface receptor movement upon exposure to specific ligands. The receptors will first assemble in a few small surface areas (patching) and eventually aggregate at one pole of the cell (capping), leaving practically no receptors of the same specificity elsewhere on the cell surface. For a number of reasons cytoskeletal elements, like microtubules and microfilaments, are thought to play an important role in the movement of the cell surface receptors. However, the exact mechanism by which the cytoskeleton has its facilitating or inhibiting effect on receptor mobility is still largely a matter of speculation.During an investigation on non-Hodgkin lymphoma's we obtained leukocytes from three patients with clinically different leukemia's, i.e. hairy cell leukemia (HCL), prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). These gave different results in capping tests with Concanavalin A (ConA) and with antibodies against total Ig (Alg).

Thermal and Vibrational Analysis of Cubesat

2015 ◽  
Vol 766-767 ◽  
pp. 1091-1096
Author(s):  
T.S. Mahesh Babu ◽  
Vivek George Koshy ◽  
D. Bharath
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Vibrational Analysis ◽  
Elliptical Orbit ◽  
Small Satellite ◽  
Power Constraint ◽  
Small Surface ◽  
Relative Simplicity ◽  
Surface Areas

There has been a recent increase in emphasis on small satellite because of their low cost, short development time’s relative simplicity, and cost efficiency. However, these satellites do have drawback. Their small size results in small surface areas which often translate into thermal and power constraint. A satellite basically any object that revolves around a planet in a circular or elliptical orbit path. nanosatellites are satellites that weigh less than 10Kg. These types of satellites are designed and developed to carry payloads that are much smaller and has a life span not more than 1 year generally. The below analysis is done on a Low Earth Orbiting Satellite.

scholarly journals Impacts of Radiometric Uncertainty and Weather-Related Surface Conditions on Soil Moisture Retrievals with Sentinel-1

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 2025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harm-Jan Benninga ◽  
Rogier van der Velde ◽  
Zhongbo Su
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Surface Condition ◽  
Integral Equation Method ◽  
Surface Scattering ◽  
Small Surface ◽  
Surface Conditions ◽  
Surface Areas

The radiometric uncertainty of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) observations and weather-related surface conditions caused by frozen conditions, snow and intercepted rain affect the backscatter ( σ 0 ) observations and limit the accuracy of soil moisture retrievals. This study estimates Sentinel-1’s radiometric uncertainty, identifies the effects of weather-related surface conditions on σ 0 and investigates their impact on soil moisture retrievals for various conditions regarding soil moisture, surface roughness and incidence angle. Masking rules for the surface conditions that disturb σ 0 were developed based on meteorological measurements and timeseries of Sentinel-1 observations collected over five forests, five meadows and five cultivated fields in the eastern part of the Netherlands. The Sentinel-1 σ 0 observations appear to be affected by frozen conditions below an air temperature of 1 ∘ C , snow during Sentinel-1’s morning overpasses on meadows and cultivated fields and interception after more than 1.8 m m of rain in the 12 h preceding a Sentinel-1 overpass, whereas dew was not found to be of influence. After the application of these masking rules, the radiometric uncertainty was estimated by the standard deviation of the seasonal anomalies timeseries of the Sentinel-1 forest σ 0 observations. By spatially averaging the σ 0 observations, the Sentinel-1 radiometric uncertainty improves from 0.85 dB for a surface area of 0.25 h a to 0.30 dB for 10 h a for the VV polarization and from 0.89 dB to 0.36 dB for the VH polarization, following approximately an inverse square root dependency on the surface area over which the σ 0 observations are averaged. Deviations in σ 0 were combined with the σ 0 sensitivity to soil moisture as simulated with the Integral Equation Method (IEM) surface scattering model, which demonstrated that both the disturbing effects by the weather-related surface conditions (if not masked) and radiometric uncertainty have a significant impact on the soil moisture retrievals from Sentinel-1. The soil moisture retrieval uncertainty due to radiometric uncertainty ranges from 0.01 m 3 m − 3 up to 0.17 m 3 m − 3 for wet soils and small surface areas. The impacts on soil moisture retrievals are found to be weakly dependent on the surface roughness and the incidence angle, and strongly dependent on the surface area (or the σ 0 disturbance caused by a weather-related surface condition for a specific land cover type) and the soil moisture itself.

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