scholarly journals Maintenance energy requirement as a direct linear function of body weight

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-322
Author(s):  
E. Furstenber ◽  
J. S. Keller ◽  
J. Bujko ◽  
S. Halilu Bawa
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Linear Function ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Maintenance Energy ◽  
Maintenance Energy Requirement

PSXI-29 Effects of feed restriction on blood constituent concentrations in hair sheep

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 487-487
Author(s):  
Dereje L Tadesse ◽  
Ryszard Puchala ◽  
Terry A Gipson ◽  
Arthur L Goetsch
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Maintenance Energy ◽  
Hair Sheep ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Blood Constituent ◽  
Pelleted Diet ◽  
Maintenance Energy Requirement

Abstract Forty-six Dorper, 47 Katahdin, and 41 St. Croix female sheep (initial body weight of 62, 62, and 51 kg, respectively, SEM=1.43; 3.8±0.18 yr of age) from 45 commercial farms in Midwest, Northwest, Southeast, and central Texas regions of the United States were used to evaluate effects of feed restriction on concentrations of blood constituents. A 50% concentrate pelleted diet was fed, with the amount varied in the first 4 wk to achieve stable BW. The amount of feed offered in wk 5–10 was set at 55% of that consumed in wk 3–4. Blood was sampled at the end of wk 3, 4, 6, 8, and 10, with constituent levels in wk 4 and 10 assumed relevant to conditions with different maintenance energy requirements (i.e., fed at maintenance and approximately 43% lower with restricted intake). There were some differences among breeds such as ones based on samples collected at all times in urea nitrogen (14.0, 13.7, and 15.4 mg/dl; SEM=0.31) and creatinine (0.945, 0.836, and 0.809 mg/dl for Dorper, Katahdin, and St. Croix, respectively; SEM=0.0253) but relatively few among regions and only one interaction between week and breed or region. There was a trend for a difference (P = 0.051) between wk 4 and 10 in the concentration of glucose (51.9 and 54.2 mg/dl; SEM=0.90), and there were differences (P < 0.05) in levels of lactate (23.9 and 20.3 mg/dl; SEM=0.89), urea N (16.4 and 13.0 mg/dl; SEM= 0.25), creatinine (0.808 and 0.919 mg/dl; SEM=0.0165), triglycerides (31.8 and 25.5 mg/dl; SEM=0.63), cholesterol (67.5 and 74.7 mg/dl; SEM=1.66), and cortisol (10.55 and 8.31 ng/ml for wk 4 and 10, respectively; SEM=0.0542). In conclusion, similar responses of different hair sheep breeds in blood constituent levels to feed restriction is in accordance with comparable effects on body weight and the maintenance energy requirement previously reported.

MAINTENANCE ENERGY REQUIREMENT OF THE ROOSTER AND INFLUENCE OF PLANE OF NUTRITION ON METABOLIZABLE ENERGY

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. GUILLAUME ◽  
J. D. SUMMERS
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Maintenance Energy ◽  
Maintenance Requirement ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Maintenance Energy Requirement ◽  
Energy Maintenance

Arnould’s method can be applied to the adult rooster to estimate the energy maintenance requirement, although estimation of the weight gain requirement is inaccurate with this method. The average value obtained of 117 kcal metabolizable energy per kg body weight per day for maintenance requirement agrees well with previously reported estimates but is higher than values reported for the laying hen. Maintenance requirement for energy appears to be very variable, the coefficient of variation being 13% which equals that found for basal metabolism. Maintenance requirement is correlated neither with body weight nor with endogenous N excretion. It is concluded that metabolic and endogenous energy should be taken into account for correcting metabolizable energy values when food intake is close to maintenance requirement, especially with adult birds.

scholarly journals Maintenance energy requirements and forage intake of purebred vs. crossbred beef cows1

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1182-1195
Author(s):  
Claire E Andresen ◽  
Aksel W Wiseman ◽  
Adam McGee ◽  
Carla Goad ◽  
Andrew P Foote ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Growth Efficiency ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Maintenance Energy ◽  
Calf Growth ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Breed Type ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Forage Intake ◽  
Maintenance Energy Requirement

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of cow breed type and age on maintenance requirements, feed energy utilization, and voluntary forage intake. The main effect of breed type included Angus (ANG; n = 32) and Hereford × Angus (HA; n = 27) lactating cows. The main effect of age included 2- and 3-yr-old (YOUNG; n = 29) and 4- to 8-yr-old (MATURE; n = 30) cows. Within breed type and age class, cows were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 pens for a total of 8 pens, each housing 7 to 9 cow/calf pairs. To determine maintenance energy requirements, cows and calves were limit-fed for 105 d to body weight (BW) and body condition score (BCS) stasis. There were no differences between breeds in cow hip height, BW, average milk yield (P > 0.31), diet digestibility, or cow maintenance energy requirement (P = 0.54). Crossbred cows had greater BCS (P < 0.05) throughout the experiment. Efficiency of calf growth was not different between breeds when expressed as feed intake of the cow/calf pair nor as energy intake of the pair per unit of calf BW gain (P ≥ 0.31). Young cows produced less milk per day and per unit of BW0.75 (P < 0.01); however, there was no effect of cow age on maintenance energy requirement, diet digestibility, or efficiency of calf growth (P > 0.10). Subsequently, a 45-d experiment was conducted to determine voluntary low-quality forage intake. Cows were housed in dry-lot pens equipped with shade, windbreaks, and feed bunks with free-choice access to clean water and a chopped hay ration was provided ad libitum to determine forage intake. Daily forage intake was lower (P = 0.05) for HA compared with ANG (123 vs. 132 g/kg BW0.75, respectively) although there was no difference in BW. However, HA cows sustained greater BCS (P < 0.01). There was no difference (P = 0.60) in forage intake per unit of BW0.75 due to cow age. Results indicate similar calf growth efficiency among breed types although crossbred cows maintained greater body energy stores and consumed less low-quality forage during the voluntary intake experiment. These differences could not be attributed to lower maintenance energy requirements. Neither maintenance energy requirement nor calf growth efficiency was different between young and mature cows.

scholarly journals Faecal endogenous loss of calcium in young sheep

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Chrisp ◽  
A. R. Sykes ◽  
N. D. Grace
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Maintenance Energy ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Maintenance Energy Requirement

1. Two groups of eight 6–7-month-old wether lambs were offered either a frozen ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)-white clover (Trifolium repens L.) pasture or a ryegrass-white clover hay, containing 12.1 and 6.4 g calcium/ kg dry matter (DM) respectively. Within groups the amounts offered to individual sheep ranged from 0.5 to 2.0 times the estimated maintenance energy requirements.2. A single intravenous injection of 150 μCi 45Ca as CaCl2. 2H2O, and stable balances were used to determine absorption, faecal endogenous loss and balance of Ca.3. Faecal endogenous loss of Ca increased by 1.2 mg/kg body-weight (W) per d with each g/kg W per d increase in DM intake regardless of the diet. At any DM intake the mean faecal endogenous loss was 5.5 mg/kg W per d higher in the sheep offered the frozen herbage diet when compared with those on the hay diet. At any Ca intake the mean faecal endogenous loss was 6.9 mg/kg W higher in sheep offered the hay diet compared with those on the frozen herbage.4. At feeding levels of about 1.5–2 times the estimated maintenance energy requirement the observed faecal endogenous loss of Ca ranged from 35 to 50 mg/kg W per d, which is two- to threefold greater than the present estimate of the Agricultural Research Council (1980) of 16 mg/kg W per d.5. A simple model to explain the variation in faecal endogenous loss of Ca between the present study with young sheep and that with lactating ewes (Chrisp et al. 1989) also offered herbage diets is developed, which incorporates the concept of a true endogenous loss related to DM intake and a net endogenous loss reflecting the extent of re-absorption of Ca endogenous losses within the gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals Differences in Taurine Synthesis Rate among Dogs Relate to Differences in Their Maintenance Energy Requirement

2007 ◽  
Vol 137 (5) ◽  
pp. 1171-1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang S. Ko ◽  
Robert C. Backus ◽  
John R. Berg ◽  
Michael W. Lame ◽  
Quinton R. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
Maintenance Energy ◽  
Maintenance Energy Requirement

Field peas as a feed for growing and finishing pigs. 2. Effects of substituting peas for meat meal or fish meal in conventional diets

1984 ◽  
Vol 24 (127) ◽  
pp. 507 ◽  
Author(s):  
RL Davies
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Maintenance Energy ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Meat Meal ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Maintenance Energy Requirement

In three experiments the effects of substituting field peas (Pisum sativum) for meat meal and/or fish meal in diets fed to growing and finishing pigs were studied. The inclusion of up to 28% peas in growing and finishing diets did not affect the digestible energy intake of pigs fed at up to 3.5 times their maintenance energy requirement. When peas comprised 53% of a diet fed to growing pigs, intake was depressed by 8%. With the exception of this diet, responses were consistent with changes in dietary lysine. It is concluded that, at up to about 40% of the diet, the lysine and energy value of field peas to growing and finishing pigs is consistent with analysed levels of these nutrients.

A Study on the Determination of the Maintenance Energy Requirement in Growing Goats

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Sang Uk Chung ◽  
◽  
Qi-Man Zhang ◽  
Se Young Jang ◽  
Yeong Sik Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Maintenance Energy ◽  
Maintenance Energy Requirement ◽  
Growing Goats
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