The opportunistic route and the role of design principles

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Joseph French
Keyword(s):  
Design Principles ◽  
Opportunistic Route

Treating faecal sludges in ponds

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 283-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Strauss ◽  
S. A. Larmie ◽  
U. Heinss ◽  
A. Montangero
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Water Research ◽  
Waste Stabilisation Ponds ◽  
Pond System ◽  
Anaerobic Degradability ◽  
Research Institute

Waste stabilisation ponds are a widely accepted and proven technology to treat wastewater. It is often stipulated (and also practised) that the design of ponds for faecal sludges (FS), septage in particular, should follow the same principles as for wastewater. Field research conducted by SANDEC and its partners at the Water Research Institute in Ghana, and information gathered from the scarce literature on FS treatment, however, has shown that design principles should be taken into consideration, which are specific to the treatment of FS. These principles depend on the type of FS to be treated and on the type of pond system envisaged. Issues dealt with in this article are the handling of FS solids; the role of anaerobic ponds in FS treatment; the anaerobic degradability of septage; and ammonia (NH3–N) toxicity.

scholarly journals Design principles of stripe-forming motifs: the role of positive feedback

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreea Munteanu ◽  
James Cotterell ◽  
Ricard V. Solé ◽  
James Sharpe
Keyword(s):  
Positive Feedback ◽  
Design Principles

When Design Principles Do Not Apply: The Role of Individual Commitment and “Voluntarism” in Maintaining Communal Water Supply in Northern Kunene, Namibia

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-225
Author(s):  
Diego Augusto Menestrey Schwieger
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Behavioral Ecology ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Pastoral Communities ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Commitment

Blueprints resembling Ostrom’s (1990) design principles have been used in Namibia’s northern Kunene to instruct pastoral communities in managing boreholes in their localities. However, these blueprints are only marginally adopted by local agents, and consequently, Ostrom’s design principles do not fully apply. Water shortages are not the immediate outcome of these circumstances as, due to the individual commitment of mostly young men, communal water supply is maintained, especially in emergency cases. By drawing on aspects from the anthropology of ethics and human behavioral ecology, this paper offers an explanation as to why these individuals “volunteer” to keep the pumps running in their communities. It discusses whether rules and sanctions in the Ostromian sense are the only drivers for people to commit themselves to others and the common good.

scholarly journals Adaptation of sensor morphology: an integrative view of perception from biologically inspired robotics perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 20160016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiya Iida ◽  
Surya G. Nurzaman
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Biologically Inspired ◽  
Biologically Inspired Robotics ◽  
Sensing Mechanism ◽  
Integrative View ◽  
Physical Stimuli

Sensor morphology, the morphology of a sensing mechanism which plays a role of shaping the desired response from physical stimuli from surroundings to generate signals usable as sensory information, is one of the key common aspects of sensing processes. This paper presents a structured review of researches on bioinspired sensor morphology implemented in robotic systems, and discusses the fundamental design principles. Based on literature review, we propose two key arguments: first, owing to its synthetic nature, biologically inspired robotics approach is a unique and powerful methodology to understand the role of sensor morphology and how it can evolve and adapt to its task and environment. Second, a consideration of an integrative view of perception by looking into multidisciplinary and overarching mechanisms of sensor morphology adaptation across biology and engineering enables us to extract relevant design principles that are important to extend our understanding of the unfinished concepts in sensing and perception.

scholarly journals Fungsi Dan Makna Point Of Interest Dalam Unsur Grafis Pada Label Makanan Tradisional Getuk Goreng Di Sokaraja

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-128
Author(s):  
Nawang Nawang Nila
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Visual Elements ◽  
Point Of Interest ◽  
Graphic Elements

Point of Interest (center of attention) becomes important for identity on product labels for Sokaraja fried getuk packaging. On each label, Sokaraja fried getuk uses a different center of attention from one label to another. This study aims to determine the role of the center of interest in the fried getuk label. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research by extracting data from primary and secondary sources such as interviews and literature studies. Through the perspective of the theory of graphic elements and design principles as the unit of analysis for the label of getuk goreng Sukaraja. Based on data analysis, it was concluded that the Sokaraja Fried Getuk Label has the characteristics of traditional visual elements and is dominated by red. Aspects of typography tend to be serif, sans serif, and script, using symmetrical and asymmetrical compositions. Design principles such as unity, proportion, balance, rhythm, and emphasis are visual elements that are composed quite well.

Designing the E-Health Message

2012 ◽  
pp. 216-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupananda Misra ◽  
Barbara C. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Research Tool ◽  
Health Messages ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
New Paradigm

The tremendous growth in the use of Web 2.0 technologies, interactive computer technologies, electronic records, and mobile devices for delivery of e-health necessitates attention to design. Designing e-health requires consideration of research, including best practices embodied in design principles. This chapter reviews key background information, including central definitions, concepts, and research, followed by a presentation of 9 key considerations that are recommended for guiding the design of e-health messages. An illustrative case example demonstrates how a typology that codifies design principles gave rise to a research tool that permits the evaluation of health care websites. The case example underscores the important role of findings from research evaluations in creating a feedback loop for designers, permitting research to inform refinements in design. Overall, the 9 key considerations suggest a new paradigm for design, while also giving rise to corresponding recommendations for future research to support evolution in the field of e-health.

Not Just Videogames

2013 ◽  
pp. 146-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Asquer
Keyword(s):  
Public Services ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Game Elements

The aim of this chapter is to discuss how the emerging process of gamification can impact the production of public services. Gamification is a relatively recent phenomenon that relates, in broad terms, to the introduction to game elements in non-game contexts. After reviewing the concept, design principles and techniques, and effects of gamification, the chapter discusses the extent to which gamification may affect the production and delivery of public services. The conclusions discuss the possible role of gamification in reshaping the identity and role of citizens and their relationship with public authorities.

UX gardens

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Robert Fox
Keyword(s):  
User Experience ◽  
Digital Library ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Library Services ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Digital Library Services

Purpose – This column aims to explore the important role of user experience analysis in the design of web based digital library services and tools. Design/methodology/approach – Three key areas of UX are talked about. Findings – Three key areas of UX are applied to digital librarianship. Originality/value – The needs of the patron populations served by individual libraries are unique, but certain design principles can be followed that will significantly enhance the user experience. This column contributes to the discussion regarding those principles.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document