Some questions of thermal strength in reactor construction

Atomic Energy ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 601-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya. B. Fridman ◽  
N. D. Sobolev ◽  
S. V. Borisov ◽  
V. I. Egorov ◽  
V. P. Konoplenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Strength ◽  
Reactor Construction

scholarly journals Design Forecasting of Thermal Strength and Resource of Steam Turbine structural Components

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
Nikolay Shulzhenko ◽  
◽  
Pavel Gontarovskiy ◽  
Nataliya Garmash ◽  
Irina Melezhik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Thermal Strength

scholarly journals Environmentally friendly method for regeneration of copper chloride acidic solutions used in etching of printed circuits

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 01021
Author(s):  
Dorota Kopyto ◽  
Wit Baranek ◽  
Zbigniew Myczkowski ◽  
Katarzyna Leszczyńska-Sejda ◽  
Michał Drzazga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Copper Chloride ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Acidic Solutions ◽  
Printed Circuits ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Reactor Construction ◽  
New Type ◽  
Oxygen Utilisation ◽  
Environmentally Friendly Method

Etching of copper with acidic CuCl2 solution is a widely used chemical method in printed circuits production. During the process, the solution is enriched in Cu(I) ions, resulting in reduction and then loss of etching bath capacity. In order to ensure the required etching kinetics, the solution is regenerated by oxidation of Cu(I) to Cu(II). The industrially applied Cu(I) oxidants are, e.g.: Cl2, chlorates. Their application is expensive and associated with drawbacks related to health, safety and environmental hazards (e.g. Cl2 emission). In the result of long-standing cooperation between the IMN and MATUSEWICZ Budowa Maszyn, an innovative, original and environmentally friendly method of acidic solutions regeneration used during printed circuits etching was developed. A new-type reactor equipped with oxidation monitoring-control systems using oxygen or oxygen-enriched air was applied. The reactor construction enables to run the process with oxygen circulation in the reactor, ensures full oxygen utilisation in the regeneration process, achievement of the required performance and process rate, and eliminates expensive, hazardous and often toxic reagents. This is an innovative method, and since there are no analogous technologies currently known and used in Europe and worldwide, the presented method is technologically, economically and ecologically unrivalled.

Influence of silica materials on synthesis of elastomer nanocomposites: A review

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 747-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsin Najam ◽  
Murid Hussain ◽  
Zulfiqar Ali ◽  
Ibrahim M Maafa ◽  
Parveen Akhter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Thermal Strength ◽  
Silica Surfaces ◽  
Silica Materials ◽  
Wear And Tear ◽  
Inorganic Fillers

At the end of 19th century, the modification of silica has brought revolution in the field of nanocomposites and gained the attention of researchers again by the development of the mesoporous silica class. Silica when used with elastomers provides distinctive characteristics merging the superior properties of inorganic fillers, such as hardness, increased thermal strength, and mechanical stability along with the processability, elasticity, and plasticity of the organic polymers. When carbon black is treated with elastomers instead of silica, it provides greater level of reinforcement because the surface of silica is polar and hydrophilic, but it has greater tendency to adsorb moisture, which affects the ionization of silanol groups. The reason behind switching to silica is adverse effects of carbon black on environment. When silica is added in greater amount, it increases the viscosity of rubbers significantly. The high viscosity causes the processing extra difficult by generating excessive wear and tear over the processing equipment. The increase in viscosity is associated with the strong interaction among the silica particles. It has also been reviewed that the use of silica as filler in elastomers was hindered as far as bifunctional organosilanes were discovered. These are referred to as surface-modifying materials and are initiators for treating silica surfaces to make the filler compatible and friendly to elastomers.

BIOCHEMICAL REACTOR CONSTRUCTION AND MINE POOL CHEMISTRY CHANGES, GOLINSKY MINE, CALIFORNIA

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-268
Author(s):  
James Gusek ◽  
Joel Kelsey ◽  
Ryan Schipper ◽  
Brad Shipley
Keyword(s):  
Reactor Construction ◽  
Biochemical Reactor ◽  
Mine Pool

Effect of Quartz of Fine Particle Size on Porcelain Properties

2006 ◽  
Vol 530-531 ◽  
pp. 493-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.R. Bragança ◽  
C.P. Bergmann
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Fine Particle ◽  
Quartz Particle ◽  
Shock Strength ◽  
Thermal Strength ◽  
Fine Particle Size ◽  
Technical Properties ◽  
The Cost

The mechanical properties of porcelain are strongly influenced by the generated thermal stress during processing. When quartz particle size is reduced its influence on the technical properties of ceramic products such as tiles and porcelains are changed. In this work, the properties of triaxial ceramics materials were evaluated using quartz of different particle size distribution. It was reported strong variations in mechanical strength and thermal shock strength. Although the cost of milling is increased to reduce quartz particle size, it can be compensated by its implicit advantages. The experimental results were very interesting showing the way that quartz particle size influences the analyzed properties. A significant improving in porcelain strength and thermal strength was obtained.

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