Autistic children exhibit undetectable hemagglutination-inhibition antibody titers despite previous rubella vaccination

1976 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gene Stubbs
Keyword(s):  
Hemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Inhibition Antibody ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Rubella Vaccination

Hemagglutination Inhibition Antibody Titers as a Correlate of Protection for Inactivated Influenza Vaccines in Children

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1081-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Black ◽  
Uwe Nicolay ◽  
Timo Vesikari ◽  
Markus Knuf ◽  
Giuseppe Del Giudice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Influenza Vaccines ◽  
Correlate Of Protection ◽  
Inhibition Antibody ◽  
Antibody Titers

scholarly journals Association between hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers and protection against RT-PCR confirmed influenza illness in children 6−35 months of age: statistical evaluation of a correlate of protection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasur Danier ◽  
Andrea Callegaro ◽  
Jyoti Soni ◽  
Alfoso Carmona ◽  
Pope Kosalaraska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Hemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Correlate Of Protection ◽  
Inhibition Antibody ◽  
Clinical Protection ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
H3n2 Influenza

Abstract Background Data from a randomized, controlled efficacy trial of an inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine in children 6−35 months of age were used to determine whether hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titer against A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 is a statistical correlate of protection (CoP) for the risk of RT-PCR-confirmed influenza associated with the corresponding strain. Methods The Prentice criteria were used to statistically validate strain-specific HI antibody titer as a CoP. The probability of protection was identified using Dunning's model corresponding to a pre-specified probability of protection at an individual level. The group level protective threshold was identified using Siber's approach, leading to unbiased predicted vaccine efficacy (VE). A case-cohort sub-sample was used for this exploratory analysis. Results Prentice criteria confirmed that HI titer is a statistical CoP for RT-PCR-confirmed influenza. Dunning's model predicted a probability of protection of 49.7% against A/H1N1 influenza and 54.7% against A/H3N2 influenza at an HI antibody titer of 1:40 for the corresponding strain. Higher titers of 1:320 were associated with more than 80% probability of protection. Siber's method predicted VE of 61.0% at a threshold of 1:80 for A/H1N1 and 46.6% at 1:113 for A/H3N2. Conclusions The study validated HI antibody titer as a statistical CoP, by demonstrating that HI titer is correlated with clinical protection against RT-PCR-confirmed influenza associated with the corresponding influenza strain and is predictive of VE in children 6−35 months of age.

scholarly journals Indirect Method for Prediction of Hemagglutination Inhibition Antibody Titers to Newcastle Disease Virus in Chickens by Titration of Antibodies in Egg Yolk

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
SangGeon Yeo ◽  
Eva Nagy ◽  
Peter J. Krell
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Hemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Proper Time ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Inhibition Antibody ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Feasible Alternative

Attempts were made to establish methods for indirect prediction of hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titers to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in sera of laying hens and day-old chicks by determining if these are correlated to HI titers in egg yolks. For this purpose, geometric means of HI antibody titers in sera from 60 hens, yolks from 60 matched eggs, and sera from 180 day-old chicks of an identical vaccination program were measured and plotted. There was a significant correlation between HI antibody titers in yolks (X) and hens (Y), with a linear regression of Y = 23.24 + 0.47X and a correlation coefficient of r = 0.65. The linear regression between HI antibody titers in yolks (X) and chicks (Y) was Y = 6.33 + 0.36X ( r = 0.58). Immunity to NDV in hens and their offspring can be maintained effectively, and the proper time for the vaccination or booster can be determined by reference to HI titers predicted from the linear regression in the present study. The approach of testing egg yolk for HI titers provides a feasible alternative to determining HI titers from blood samples and eliminates stress in birds during blood sampling.

scholarly journals Influenza Hemagglutination-Inhibition Antibody Titer as a Correlate of Vaccine-Induced Protection

2011 ◽  
Vol 204 (12) ◽  
pp. 1879-1885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne E. Ohmit ◽  
Joshua G. Petrie ◽  
Rachel T. Cross ◽  
Emileigh Johnson ◽  
Arnold S. Monto
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Hemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Inhibition Antibody

scholarly journals Persistence and Titer Changes of Rubella Virus Antibodies in Primiparous Women Who Had Been Vaccinated with Strain RA 27/3 in Junior High School

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Chiang Lin ◽  
Chun-Yuh Yang ◽  
Yung-Luen Shih ◽  
Yang-Yang Huang ◽  
Tsung-Han Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Rubella Virus ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Positive Antibody ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Rubella Vaccination ◽  
Primiparous Women

ABSTRACTTaiwan's rubella vaccination program was launched in 1986; each schoolgirl in the third grade of junior high school received one dose of rubella (RA 27/3) vaccine. We reviewed the results of 14,090 prenatal rubella tests for primiparas from three areas of Taiwan during 2002 to 2008 to investigate seronegativity rates and titer changes. In all primiparous women, the average rubella virus seronegativity rate was 6.5% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 6.1 to 6.9%), and the average rubella virus antibody titer was 65.9 IU/ml (95% CI, 64.7 to 67.1 IU/ml). There were 1,220 women (8.7%) with weakly positive antibody titers (10 to 20 IU/ml). The rubella virus seronegativity rates, which ranged from 5.4 to 9.7%, did not exhibit a linear trend from 9 to 22 years after vaccination (P= 0.201); in contrast, a significant trend appeared in the average rubella virus IgG titer (P= 0.003), dropping from 69.9 IU/ml in the 9th year after vaccination to 54.8 IU/ml in the 22nd year. The mean annual antibody decay rate was −0.77 IU/ml. This study reveals that the level of rubella virus antibodies declined slowly in women of childbearing age who were vaccinated with RA 27/3 at junior high school age. The number of women who were seronegative or had weakly positive antibody titers was still high (15.2%). Therefore, in countries that implement a single-dose regimen in children or teenagers, it should remain an important policy to encourage voluntary immunization in seronegative women and to immunize all postpartum women who are susceptible to rubella virus infection before they leave the hospital.

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