Validity of energy distribution derived from heat of adsorption in an ammonia/cation-exchanged Y zeolite system

1986 ◽  
Vol 264 (5) ◽  
pp. 445-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Mitani ◽  
K. Tsutsumi ◽  
H. Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Heat Of Adsorption ◽  
Y Zeolite

Energy Distribution in Electron Beams

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 568-569
Author(s):  
Tamotsu Ohno
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Integral Curve ◽  
Electron Beams ◽  
Electron Gun ◽  
Angular Divergence ◽  
Apparent Increase ◽  
Integral Width ◽  
The Cross

The energy distribution in an electron; beam from an electron gun provided with a biased Wehnelt cylinder was measured by a retarding potential analyser. All the measurements were carried out with a beam of small angular divergence (<3xl0-4 rad) to eliminate the apparent increase of energy width as pointed out by Ichinokawa.The cross section of the beam from a gun with a tungsten hairpin cathode varies as shown in Fig.1a with the bias voltage Vg. The central part of the beam was analysed. An example of the integral curve as well as the energy spectrum is shown in Fig.2. The integral width of the spectrum ΔEi varies with Vg as shown in Fig.1b The width ΔEi is smaller than the Maxwellian width near the cut-off. As |Vg| is decreased, ΔEi increases beyond the Maxwellian width, reaches a maximum and then decreases. Note that the cross section of the beam enlarges with decreasing |Vg|.

An analytical microscopic study of metals in fluidized catalytic cracking catalyst

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 854-855
Author(s):  
Clifford S. Rainey
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Catalyst Deactivation ◽  
Coke Formation ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Y Zeolite ◽  
Fcc Catalyst ◽  
Fluidized Catalytic Cracking ◽  
High Regeneration

The spatial distribution of V and Ni deposited within fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst is studied because these metals contribute to catalyst deactivation. Y zeolite in FCC microspheres are high SiO2 aluminosilicates with molecular-sized channels that contain a mixture of lanthanoids. They must withstand high regeneration temperatures and retain acid sites needed for cracking of hydrocarbons, a process essential for efficient gasoline production. Zeolite in combination with V to form vanadates, or less diffusion in the channels due to coke formation, may deactivate catalyst. Other factors such as metal "skins", microsphere sintering, and attrition may also be involved. SEM of FCC fracture surfaces, AEM of Y zeolite, and electron microscopy of this work are developed to better understand and minimize catalyst deactivation.

Magnetic energy distribution in polycrystalline sputtered CoCr magnetic thin films

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-128
Author(s):  
J. F. Al-Sharab ◽  
J. E. Wittig ◽  
G. Bertero ◽  
T. Yamashita ◽  
J. Bentley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Magnetic Energy ◽  
Magnetic Thin Films

MEASUREMENT OF THE ELECTRON ENERGY DISTRIBUTION IN A CO2LASER PLASMA

1979 ◽  
Vol 40 (C7) ◽  
pp. C7-385-C7-386
Author(s):  
S. Bourquard ◽  
J. M. Mayor ◽  
P. Kocian
Keyword(s):  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Electron Energy ◽  
Electron Energy Distribution

PRECISE MEASUREMENT OF ENERGY DISTRIBUTION IN Ga LMIS

1987 ◽  
Vol 48 (C6) ◽  
pp. C6-141-C6-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Komuro ◽  
T. Kato
Keyword(s):  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Precise Measurement
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