Decision making and decision aiding: Defining the process, it representations, and support

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory E. Kersten ◽  
Stan Szpakowicz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Aiding

Sensor-Based Decision Making in Uncertain Context

2017 ◽  
pp. 234-257
Author(s):  
Eric Villeneuve ◽  
François Pérès ◽  
Cedrik Beler ◽  
Vicente González-Prida
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Organizational Network ◽  
Decision Aiding ◽  
External Impact ◽  
Information Collecting ◽  
Embedded Intelligence

Decision makers, whether human or computer, using sensor networks to instrument information collecting necessary for decision, often face difficulties in assessing confidence granted to signals transmitted and received in the network. Several organizational (network architecture or nature, distance between sensors ...), internal (sensor reliability or accuracy ...) or external (impact of environment ...) factors can lead to measurement errors (false alarm, non-detection by misinterpretation of the analyzed signals, false-negative …). A system-embedded intelligence is then necessary, to compare the information received for the purpose of decision aiding based on margin of errors converted in confidence intervals. In this chapter, the authors present four complementary approaches to quantify the interpretation of signals exchanged in a network of sensors in the presence of uncertainty.

scholarly journals CREATING A NEW CULTURAL TOURISM PRODUCT RELATED TO LOCAL POST-INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE AS A MULTIPLE CRITERIA DECISION AIDING PROBLEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 93-118
Author(s):  
Marek Czekajski ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Multiple Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
Multiple Criteria ◽  
Industrial Heritage ◽  
Decision Aiding ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
Post Industrial

Creating local cultural tourism products (CTPs) requires the involvement of many entities, e.g., local government units, culture and tourism institutions, non-government organisations, etc., as well as organisational, technical, financial, and human resources. When deciding on a future product venture, it is important to establish visions, goals, or the product’s desired functions common to all these actors. Then, the alternative instances of such CTP need to be designed and examined from the viewpoint of these goals, which may be mutually exclusive due to the various preferences of the actors. Furthermore, despite their importance, these criteria may conflict with, e.g., the tourism policy of local authorities. The issues mentioned above make the decisions regarding creating CTPs very complex and have behavioural, group multiple criteria character. This paper aims to identify the structural elements of creating the best possible CTP promoting local post-industrial heritage in the Czeladź Commune. The specific assumptions, conditions, and criteria are defined to formulate the problem for further consideration using multiple criteria group decision-making (GDM) approaches. Keywords: multiple criteria decision making, group decision-making, multiple criteria problems in cultural tourism, decisions on new cultural tourism products.

scholarly journals The quality and effectiveness of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) as a decision-aiding tool for national park expansion—the greater Addo Elephant National Park case study

Koedoe ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Retief
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
National Park ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Decision Aiding ◽  
Input Quality

Internationally South Africa is regarded as a leading developing country in the application of SEA. Research also indicates that the conservation sector within South Africa has been particularly prominent in exploring its application. However, very little empirical research has been conducted to learn from practice and to establish the added value of SEA to strategic decision making. To address this gap in knowledge the paper explores the input quality and output effectiveness of the greater Addo Elephant National Park SEA. The results show that the SEA achieved average to good input quality and output effectiveness performance, respectively. A number of lessons were learned for the application of SEA to future park expansion initiatives. These relate to the timing of the SEA, addressing social impacts, setting of boundaries as well as dealing with scale. The research results concluded that SEA made valuable contributions to decision making and could be considered an important decision-aiding tool for the conservation sector. To take the debate forward and to benchmark best practice it is proposed that further comparative performance evaluation research of multiple SEA case studies within the conservation sector be conducted.

The Impact of Meta-Information on Decision-Making in Intelligence Operations

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Pfautz ◽  
Adam Fouse ◽  
Ted Fichtl ◽  
Emilie Roth ◽  
Ann Bisantz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Decision Aiding ◽  
Risk Environments ◽  
Sensor Webs ◽  
Intelligence Operations ◽  
Meta Information ◽  
The Impact

Decision-making in complex, dynamic, high-risk environments is clearly challenging. Part of this challenge is due to the presence of qualifiers of information, or meta-information (e.g., staleness, uncertainty, source), that alter a person's information processing, situational awareness, and decision-making. We investigated the influence of meta-information on decision-making in a Military Intelligence Operations (IO) environment using Cognitive Task Analysis (CTA) techniques. We performed a CTA on IO tasks surrounding the use of smart sensor webs, a relatively new technology that can be used for a variety of IO purposes. Our analysis addressed information management tasks and tactical decision-making tasks using sensor webs. We discovered that a variety of types of meta-information significantly impacted decision-making, and that the influence of meta-information was both context- and task- sensitive. In this paper, we present the results of the CTA and discuss the implications for the development of decision-aiding systems, including the design of constituent displays, interfaces, and automated systems.

An Interactive Multi-Objective Decision-Aiding System for Tactical Mission Planning

1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid Charny ◽  
Mary E. Hornsby ◽  
Thomas B. Sheridan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mission Planning ◽  
Multiple Objective ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Decision Aiding ◽  
Multiple Objective Decision Making

This paper describes an interactive computer-aiding system for tactical aircraft mission planning. A Multiple-Objective Decision-Making approach has been applied to the tactical mission planning domain. The planner specifies a set of potential flight routes and selects an optimum one as the result of a human-computer dialogue. In this dialogue, the planner iteratively specifies acceptable constraints and desired weights on several mission-related decision objectives. The system provides graphic feedback about the merit of the selected route vis a vis the specified objectives, and allows the planner to tailor the mission route plan to meet explicit decision objectives.

scholarly journals Rationalizing environmental decision-making through economic valuation?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Meinard
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Environmental Economic ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Blind Spot ◽  
Value Judgment ◽  
Decision Aiding ◽  
Environmental Decision Making ◽  
Value Judgements ◽  
Environmental Inequalities ◽  
Environmental Decision

Environmental economic valuations of biodiversity are an increasingly active field of academic inquiry, often presented as a prominent means to rationalize decision-making on environmental issues. However, the meaning of this argument is unclear, because it uses the term “rationalize” in a loose way. This argument, as it is typically formulated in the literature, makes it look as though economic valuations do not involve any value-judgment by economists: by emphasizing rationalization, this argument silences value-judgements. This blind spot is critical, since environmental inequalities are pervasive in economic valuations and their applications, and environmental decision making hence unavoidably involves value-judgements. In this article, we identify conditions upon which environmental economic valuations can truly contribute to rationalizing decision making, despite environmental inequalities. We review the main arguments found in the literature to entrench the credentials of economic approaches to rationalize decision-making, and argue that these approaches fail, at a fundamental level. We then argue that the key for economic valuations to truly contribute to rationalization is that their usage should be embedded in the deployment of what we will call a justificatory task. We then take advantage of an analysis of the notion of rationality, when applied to decision-aiding processes, to translate this reasoning in the concrete terms of applications of environmental economic valuations. According to the argument that we articulate here, standard economic valuations, just like any other application of economic tools, can indeed play a role in rationalizing environmental decisions, in spite of the inequalities that they (re)produce. But this possibility is conditioned by the requirement that the economist implementing them should produce justifications.

scholarly journals Multi-Objective and Multi-Attribute Optimization for Sustainable Development Decision Aiding

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas ◽  
Jurgita Antucheviciene ◽  
Samarjit Kar
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Multiple Attribute Decision Making ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Uncertain Environments ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Organization Management ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Decision Aiding ◽  
Multiple Attribute

Optimization is considered as a decision-making process to get the most out of available resources for the best attainable results. Many real-world problems are multi-objective or multi-attribute problems that naturally involve several competing objectives that are required to be optimized simultaneously, while respecting some constraints or selecting among feasible discrete alternatives. In this Special Issue, 19 research papers co-authored by 88 researchers from 14 different countries explore aspects of multi-objective or multi-attribute modelling and optimization in crisp or uncertain environments by suggesting multiple-attribute decision-making (MADM) and multi-objective decision-making (MODM) approaches. The papers elaborate the approaches on the state-of-the-art case studies in selected areas of applications related to sustainable development decision aiding in engineering and management, including construction, transportation, infrastructure development, production, and organization management.

Computer Compatibility with Decision Style: Eddies in a Bit Stream

1974 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Michael H. Strub ◽  
Robert A. Levit
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Aids ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Decision Situation ◽  
Decision Style ◽  
Decision Aiding ◽  
Adaptive Aiding ◽  
Decision Styles ◽  
Computer Compatibility

The concept of decision style, while rooted in cognitive and personality theory, finds application in computer system design as a basis for decision aiding. As used in an information system context, decision style may be defined as the characteristic and self consistent way an individual uses information in the decision making process. A model of decision style is presented which uses three dimensions to classify eight types of decision styles. Each dimension of decision style corresponds to variability observed in three aspects of decision making. A methodology for the assessment of decision style, and its relationship to the concept of adaptive decision aiding is presented. The concept of decision support as complex of decision aids designed with reference to a decision situation provides the context for the discussion of adaptive aiding.

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