A study on the decomposition of organic matter in an alluvial soil: CO2 evolution, microbiological and chemical transformations

1971 ◽  
Vol 35 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Gaur ◽  
K. V. Sadasivam ◽  
O. P. Vimal ◽  
R. S. Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Alluvial Soil ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Co2 Evolution ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Decomposition Of Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Co2 Evolution

Soil CO2 evolution: Response from arginine additions

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. Haney ◽  
A.J. Franzluebbers
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Evolution ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Soil Co2 Evolution

Soil CO2 evolution in Florida slash pine plantations. II. Importance of root respiration

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine C. Ewel ◽  
Wendell P. Cropper.Jr. ◽  
Henry L. Gholz
Keyword(s):  
Fine Roots ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Root Respiration ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Co2 Evolution ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Decomposition Rates ◽  
Subsequent Decomposition ◽  
Initial Root ◽  
Soil Co2 Evolution

Respiration of live roots was the single largest contributor to soil CO2 evolution in two mature slash pine (Pinuselliottii) plantations. Root respiration accounted for 51% of soil CO2 evolution at the 9-year-old plantation and 62% at the 29-year-old plantation. Additional estimates, calculated from data recorded from two small trenched plot sites at the 29-year-old plantation and based on possible variations in initial root biomass and subsequent decomposition rates, also averaged 62% of soil CO2 evolution. Specific root respiration averaged 0.40 g•g−1•year−1, varying from 0.34 to 1.70 g•g−1•year−1. Plots with larger proportions of fine roots had faster soil CO2 evolution rates.

Soil CO2 evolution from Korean pine virgin forest at Changbai Mountain

1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-194
Author(s):  
Ma Yueqiang ◽  
Yan Xiaodong ◽  
Yang Sihe
Keyword(s):  
Changbai Mountain ◽  
Co2 Evolution ◽  
Korean Pine ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Virgin Forest ◽  
Soil Co2 Evolution

Effects of lanthanum on dehydrogenase activity and carbon dioxide evolution in a Haplic Acrisol

Soil Research ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 731 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Y. Chu ◽  
J. G. Zhu ◽  
Z. B. Xie ◽  
H. Y. Zhang ◽  
Z. H. Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Co2 Evolution ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Prolonged Incubation ◽  
Maximum Decrease ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Soil Co2 Evolution ◽  
Soil Dehydrogenase Activity

Rare earth elements (REEs) are applied widely to increase crop production in China but less attention has been paid to the principle adverse effects of the accumulation of REEs in soils. In this paper we studied the effects of lanthanum (La) on two indicators of microbial activity: dehydrogenase activity and CO2 evolution. The soil was collected from crop land of the Chinese Academy of Sciences' Red Soil Ecological Experimental Station. Application of La decreased soil pH and there were significant negative correlations between soil pH and added La. Significant positive correlations were also observed between 0.05 M HCl extractable La and added La, indicating that exogenous La was highly available in soil. Additions of La decreased soil dehydrogenase activity and the recorded maximum decrease was 64% after 1 day of incubation with an application of 1000 mg La/kg dry soil. The inhibition of soil dehydrogenase activity by La was gradually alleviated on prolonged incubation time. Addition of La at low concentrations slightly increased soil CO2 evolution but decreased it if at greater concentrations. The recorded maximum decrease in soil CO2 evolution was 33% after 56 days of incubation with an application of 1000 mg La/kg dry soil. The results in this paper indicated that agricultural use of REEs such as La at excessive levels would produce harmful effects to soil microbial activity and microbially mediated soil function. It is likely that change in soil dehydrogenase activity can be used as a sensitive indicator in assessing the level of REEs pollution in soil.

scholarly journals Annual Variations of the 14C Content of Soil CO2

Radiocarbon ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (2A) ◽  
pp. 338-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Dörr ◽  
K O Münnich
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Transfer Velocity ◽  
Microbial Decomposition ◽  
Vertical Transfer ◽  
Annual Variations ◽  
Decomposition Of Organic Matter ◽  
Ca 50 ◽  
Carbon Reservoir ◽  
Slow Turnover

A 6-year and a 2-year record of 14C measurements of soil CO2 in two soils are presented and discussed. The annual 14C variation of soil CO2 is controlled by the seasonally varying contribution of root respiration and of microbial decomposition of organic matter producing soil CO2. The Δ14C soil CO2 difference between summer and winter is ca 50‰ in a soil where turnover of organic matter is fast (τ = 2.5a) and ca 100‰ in a soil of slow turnover (τ = 60a). A simple model describing the movement and turnover of organic matter is derived, giving the depth distributions of organic carbon and of 14C. The model needs a subdivision of the carbon reservoir into at least two reservoirs with residence times of τ1 = la and τ2 = 100a, respectively, and with a vertical transfer velocity in the order of 0.6mm/a.

scholarly journals The riverine bioreactor: An integrative perspective on biological decomposition of organic matter across riverine habitats

2021 ◽  
Vol 772 ◽  
pp. 145494
Author(s):  
Ignacio Peralta-Maraver ◽  
Rachel Stubbington ◽  
Shai Arnon ◽  
Pavel Kratina ◽  
Stefan Krause ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Decomposition Of Organic Matter ◽  
Riverine Habitats ◽  
Biological Decomposition

scholarly journals Syngenetic rapid growth of ellipsoidal silica concretions with bitumen cores

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidekazu Yoshida ◽  
Ryusei Kuma ◽  
Hitoshi Hasegawa ◽  
Nagayoshi Katsuta ◽  
Sin-iti Sirono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Early Diagenesis ◽  
Ph Change ◽  
Carbon Preference Index ◽  
Diffusion Growth ◽  
Silica Precipitation ◽  
Precipitated Silica ◽  
Preference Index ◽  
Decomposition Of Organic Matter ◽  
Growth Diagram

AbstractIsolated silica concretions in calcareous sediments have unique shapes and distinct sharp boundaries and are considered to form by diagenesis of biogenic siliceous grains. However, the details and rates of syngenetic formation of these spherical concretions are still not fully clear. Here we present a model for concretion growth by diffusion, with chemical buffering involving decomposition of organic matter leading to a pH change in the pore-water and preservation of residual bitumen cores in the concretions. The model is compatible with some pervasive silica precipitation. Based on the observed elemental distributions, C, N, S, bulk carbon isotope and carbon preference index (CPI) measurements of the silica-enriched concretions, bitumen cores and surrounding calcareous rocks, the rate of diffusive concretion growth during early diagenesis is shown using a diffusion-growth diagram. This approach reveals that ellipsoidal SiO2 concretions with a diameter of a few cm formed rapidly and the precipitated silica preserved the bitumen cores. Our work provides a generalized chemical buffering model involving organic matter that can explain the rapid syngenetic growth of other types of silica accumulation in calcareous sediments.

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