A Deep-sea Channel in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea: Morphology and seismic structure of the Valencia Channel and its surroundings

1995 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belen Alonso ◽  
Miquel Canals ◽  
Alberto Palanques ◽  
Jean-Pierre Rehault
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Seismic Structure ◽  
Northwestern Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Northwestern Mediterranean

scholarly journals Influence of the summer deep-sea circulations on passive drifts among the submarine canyons in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea

Ocean Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1745-1759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morane Clavel-Henry ◽  
Jordi Solé ◽  
Miguel-Ángel Ahumada-Sempoal ◽  
Nixon Bahamon ◽  
Florence Briton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Continental Slope ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Particle Transport ◽  
Bottom Topography ◽  
Regional Ocean Modeling System ◽  
Submarine Canyons ◽  
Northwestern Mediterranean Sea ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Northwestern Mediterranean

Abstract. Marine biophysical models can be used to explore the displacement of individuals in and between submarine canyons. Mostly, the studies focus on the shallow hydrodynamics in or around a single canyon. In the northwestern Mediterranean Sea, knowledge of the deep-sea circulation and its spatial variability in three contiguous submarine canyons is limited. We used a Lagrangian framework with three-dimensional velocity fields from two versions of the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) to study the deep-bottom connectivity between submarine canyons and to compare their influence on the particle transport. From a biological point of view, the particles represented eggs and larvae spawned by the deep-sea commercial shrimp Aristeus antennatus along the continental slope in summer. The passive particles mainly followed a southwest drift along the continental slope and drifted less than 200 km considering a pelagic larval duration (PLD) of 31 d. Two of the submarine canyons were connected by more than 27 % of particles if they were released at sea bottom depths above 600 m. The vertical advection of particles depended on the depth where particles were released and the circulation influenced by the morphology of each submarine canyon. Therefore, the impact of contiguous submarine canyons on particle transport should be studied on a case-by-case basis and not be generalized. Because the flows were strongly influenced by the bottom topography, the hydrodynamic model with finer bathymetric resolution data, a less smoothed bottom topography, and finer sigma-layer resolution near the bottom should give more accurate simulations of near-bottom passive drift. Those results propose that the physical model parameterization and discretization have to be considered for improving connectivity studies of deep-sea species.

scholarly journals Modeled buoyancy of eggs and larvae of the deep-sea shrimp Aristeus antennatus (Crustacea: Decapoda) in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morane Clavel-Henry ◽  
Jordi Solé ◽  
Trond Kristiansen ◽  
Nixon Bahamon ◽  
Guiomar Rotllant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Larval Transport ◽  
Spawning Areas ◽  
Northwestern Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Hydrodynamic Effects ◽  
Eggs And Larvae ◽  
Northwestern Mediterranean ◽  
Aristeus Antennatus

AbstractInformation on the buoyancy of eggs and larvae from deep-sea species is rare but necessary for explaining the position of non-swimming larvae in the water column. Due to embryonic morphology and ecology diversities, egg buoyancy has important variations within one species and among other ones. Nevertheless, it has hardly been explored if this buoyancy variability can be a strategy for deep-sea larvae to optimize their transport beyond their spawning areas. In the northwestern Mediterranean Sea, protozoea and mysis larvae of the commercial deep-sea shrimp Aristeus antennatus were recently found in upper layers, but to present, earlier stages like eggs and nauplii have not been collected. Using a Lagrangian transport model and larval characteristics, we evaluate the buoyancy and hydrodynamic effects on the transport of A. antennatus larvae in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. The transport models suggested that 75% of buoyant eggs released between 500 and 800 m depth (i.e., known spawning area), reached the upper water layers (0–75 m depth). Then, according to the modeled larval drifts, three spawning regions were defined in the studied area: 1) the northern part, along a continental margin crossed by large submarine canyons; 2) the central part, with two circular circulation structures (i.e., eddies); and 3) the southern part, with currents flowing through a channel. The number of larvae in the most upper layer (0–5 m depth) was higher if the larval transport model accounted for the ascent of eggs and nauplii (81%) instead of eggs reaching the surface before hatching (50%). The larvae reaching the most water upper layer (0–5 m depth) had higher rates of dispersal than the ones transported below the surface layer (deeper than 5 m depth). The results of larval dispersal simulations have implications for the understanding of A. antennatus larval ecology and for management decisions related to the shrimp fisheries in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea.

scholarly journals Modeled buoyancy of eggs and larvae of the deep-sea shrimp Aristeus antennatus (Crustacea: Decapoda) in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. e0223396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morane Clavel-Henry ◽  
Jordi Solé ◽  
Trond Kristiansen ◽  
Nixon Bahamon ◽  
Guiomar Rotllant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Northwestern Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Eggs And Larvae ◽  
Northwestern Mediterranean ◽  
Aristeus Antennatus

scholarly journals Influence of the summer deep-sea circulations on passive drifts among the submarine canyons in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morane Clavel-Henry ◽  
Jordi Solé ◽  
Miguel-Ángel Ahumada-Sempoal ◽  
Nixon Bahamon ◽  
Florence Briton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Particle Transport ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Submarine Canyons ◽  
Sea Bottom ◽  
Northwestern Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Passive Drift ◽  
Northwestern Mediterranean

Abstract. Marine biophysical models can be used to explore the displacement of individuals in and between submarine canyons. Mostly, the studies focus on the shallow hydrodynamics in or around a single canyon. In the northwestern Mediterranean Sea, the knowledge on the deep-sea circulation and its spatial variability in three contiguous submarine canyons is limited. We used a Lagrangian framework with three-dimensional velocity fields from two hydrodynamics models to study the deep bottom connectivity between submarine canyons and to compare their influences on the particle transport. The particles represented eggs and larvae spawned by the deep-sea commercial shrimp Aristeus antennatus along the continental slope in summer. The passive particles mainly followed a southwest drift along the slope and drifted less than 200 km within 31 days. Two of the sub-marine canyons were connected by more than 27 % particles if they were released at sea bottom depths above 600 m. The vertical displacement of particles was depending on the submarine canyons, the depth and the can-yon wall where particles were released and it encouraged the analyses of the particle transport by canyons in-stead of generalizing the dynamics. In the two hydrodynamic models tested in this study, passive drift simulation differed depending on topography. Despite being run on a coarser grid, the hydrodynamic model using finer bathymetric resolution data and adjusted to the topography seemed to better model the passive drift of particles. Those results promote that the physical model parameterization has to be considered for improving the transport studies of deep-sea species.

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