Ultrastructural analysis ofSpinacia oleracea sperm cells isolated from mature pollen grains

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Theunis
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Ultrastructural Analysis ◽  
Mature Pollen ◽  
Sperm Cells

Ultrastructural analysis of the sperm cells of mature pollen of maize,Zea mays

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. McConchie ◽  
T. Hough ◽  
R. B. Knox
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Ultrastructural Analysis ◽  
Mature Pollen ◽  
Sperm Cells

scholarly journals Transformation of Seed Non-Transmissible Hop Viroids in Nicotiana benthamiana Causes Distortions in Male Gametophyte Development

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2398
Author(s):  
Lenka Steinbachová ◽  
Jaroslav Matoušek ◽  
Gerhard Steger ◽  
Helena Matoušková ◽  
Sebastjan Radišek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Male Gametophyte ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Mature Pollen ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Gametophyte Development ◽  
Male Gametophyte Development ◽  
Marker Proteins

Viroids are small, non-coding, parasitic RNAs that promote developmental distortions in sensitive plants. We analyzed pollen of Nicotiana benthamiana after infection and/or ectopic transformation with cDNAs of citrus bark cracking viroid (CBCVd), apple fruit crinkle viroid (AFCVd) and potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) variant AS1. These viroids were seed non-transmissible in N. benthamiana. All viroids propagated to high levels in immature anthers similar to leaves, while their levels were drastically reduced by approximately 3.6 × 103, 800 and 59 times in mature pollen of CBCVd, AFCVd and PSTVd infected N. benthamiana, respectively, in comparison to leaves. These results suggest similar elimination processes during male gametophyte development as in the Nicotiana tabacum we presented in our previous study. Mature pollen of N. benthamiana showed no apparent defects in infected plants although all three viroids induced strong pathological symptoms on leaves. While Nicotiana species have naturally bicellular mature pollen, we noted a rare occurrence of mature pollen with three nuclei in CBCVd-infected N. benthamiana. Changes in the expression of ribosomal marker proteins in AFCVd-infected pollen were detected, suggesting some changes in pollen metabolism. N. benthamiana transformed with 35S-driven viroid cDNAs showed strong symptoms including defects in pollen development. A large number of aborted pollen (34% and 62%) and a slight increase of young pollen grains (8% and 15%) were found in mature pollen of AFCVd and CBCVd transformants, respectively, in comparison to control plants (3.9% aborted pollen and 0.3% young pollen). Moreover, pollen grains with malformed nuclei or trinuclear pollen were found in CBCVd-transformed plants. Our results suggest that “forcing” overexpression of seed non-transmissible viroid led to strong pollen pathogenesis. Viroid adaptation to pollen metabolism can be assumed as an important factor for viroid transmissibility through pollen and seeds.

scholarly journals On the Mature Pollen Grains in Angiosperms

1937 ◽  
Vol 51 (606) ◽  
pp. 524-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuhide Suita
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Mature Pollen

Isolation and Characterization of Viable Sperm Cells from Tricellular Pollen Grains

1988 ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Matthys-Rochon ◽  
S. Detchepare ◽  
V. Wagner ◽  
P. Roeckel ◽  
C. Dumas
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Sperm Cells ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Viable Sperm

Fine structure of sperm cells in pollen grains ofBeta

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 68 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 237-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn L. Hoefert
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Sperm Cells

Ultrastructural analysis of the flagellar apparatus in sperm cells ofGinkgo biloba

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 149 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Li ◽  
F. H. Wang ◽  
R. B. Knox
Keyword(s):  
Flagellar Apparatus ◽  
Ultrastructural Analysis ◽  
Sperm Cells

Effects of high temperatures on mature pollen grains in wild and cultivated maize accessions

Euphytica ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Lyakh ◽  
A. N. Kravchenko ◽  
A. I. Soroka ◽  
E. N. Dryuchina
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Mature Pollen

Gametogenesis in Galbulimima belgraveana (Himantandraceae)

1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 605 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Prakash ◽  
DB Foreman ◽  
SJ Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Close Relationships ◽  
Embryo Sac ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Mature Pollen ◽  
Ovule Development ◽  
Abaxial Side ◽  
Polygonum Type ◽  
Early Stages

The flowers of Galbulimima belgraveana (F. Muell.) Sprague are bisexual, calyptrate and protogynous. The numerous free stamens are laminar and arranged spirally on an elongated receptacle; only the middle stamens are fertile. There are four microsporangia embedded on the abaxial side of the microsporophyll. The tapetum is secretory and often double. A variety of spore tetrad types is produced. The mature pollen grains are single, monosulcate, scabrate, atectate, spheroidal and 2-celled. The carpels of a flower are initially free but later become concrescent so that a single fruit is formed. The ovules are anatropous, crassinucellar and bitegminal, and show an elongated embryo sac that conforms to the polygonum type of development. There is a massive parietal tissue in early stages of ovule development. In its embryological features, the species shows close relationships to the families Annonaceae and Degeneriaceae and, to a slightly lesser extent, the Magnoliaceae and Eupomatiaceae.

Development of sperm cells in barley

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 1051-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
David D. Cass ◽  
Ilana Karas
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Vegetative Cell ◽  
Generative Cell ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Complete Separation ◽  
Pollen Wall ◽  
Vegetative Nucleus ◽  
Sperm Cells ◽  
Subsequent Stage ◽  
Microspore Stage

Ultrastructural events in barley sperm development were examined from the uninucleate microspore stage to establishment of two mature sperm cells in pollen grains. Microspore mitosis produces a vegetative nucleus and a naked generative cell, both embedded in vegetative cell cytoplasm. The generative cell membrane is enclosed by vegetative cell membrane. The generative cell, at first apparently unattached, becomes attached to the pollen wall and acquires a cell wall by centripetal vesicle accumulation. Wall formation may be complete at the time of generative cell karyokinesis; karyokinesis occurs while the generative cell is attached to the pollen wall. Cytokinesis of the generative cell is delayed. The subsequent stage is a binucleate, attached generative cell with a wall. Generative cell cytokinesis appears to involve formation of a partition between the two sperm nuclei. Eventual complete separation of the sperm cells occurs only after the two-celled derivative of the generative cell detaches from the pollen wall. Final stages in sperm cell separation are considered to result from degradation of the partitioning and surrounding wall, not from furrowing of a naked binucleate generative cell according to previous suggestions. Mature plastids were not observed in the generative cell or the sperms.

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