Small intestinal permeability to mannitol, lactulose, and polyethylene glycol 400 in celiac disease

1984 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 809-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. O. Ukabam ◽  
B. T. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 400 ◽  
Small Intestinal

HPLC determination of polyethylene glycol 400 in urine: oligomeric profile in healthy and celiac disease subjects

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1571-1574 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Oliva ◽  
H Armas ◽  
J B Fariña
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Intestinal Biopsy ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 400 ◽  
Hplc Technique

Abstract The absorption of orally administered polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been used to assess intestinal permeability. We describe a simple HPLC technique to determine the oligomeric profile of PEG excreted in urine. We measured the total (%) PEG excreted in 6 h and the ratio of the four smallest oligomers to the three largest oligomers (expressed as mean percentages). The proposed method differentiates distinct groups of subjects with varying degrees of intestinal permeability detected by intestinal biopsy. The percent of PEG excreted and the oligomer ratio values for healthy subjects were, respectively, 30.1 +/- 3.87 and 0.35 +/- 0.03; for celiac patients on a gluten-free diet, 24.5 +/- 6.65 and 0.45 +/- 0.16; and for celiac patients, 15.0 +/- 5.93 and 1.12 +/- 0.55.

Effect of Water-Loading on the Performance of Polyethylene Glycol as a Marker of Small Intestinal Permeability

1995 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq H. Iqbal ◽  
Mark A. Cox ◽  
Kenneth O. Lewis ◽  
Brian T. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Volume Of Distribution ◽  
Differential Rate ◽  
Water Loading ◽  
Collection Period ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
The Individual

1. Polyethylene glycol has been used extensively to measure small intestinal permeability in vivo. However, polyethylene glycol seems to traverse the intestinal mucosa in much greater quantities than sugar molecules of equivalent Mr. In addition, the recovery of the lowest Mr polymers of administered polyethylene glycol has been found to be both low and unreliable. 2. To compare the behaviour of a range of polyethylene glycol polymers with sugar probes in vivo, a combined polyethylene glycol/mannitol/lactulose probe was administered sequentially to healthy individuals in the fasted state and under conditions of water-loading. Timed hourly urine collections were made for 6 h. 3. Mannitol and lactulose recoveries were all within the normal range and were unaffected by coadministration of water. The lactulose/mannitol recovery ratios did not vary significantly over the 6 h collection period. In contrast, the recovery of total polyethylene glycol was significantly greater when subjects were water-loaded. Futhermore, proportionally greater quantities of polyethylene glycol Mr 370 than Mr 854 were recovered towards the end of the collection period than at the start. 4. Our results show that, in contrast to lactulose and mannitol, excretion of low—medium Mr polyethylene glycol polymers is highly dependent on coadministration of water. Futhermore, the differential rate of excretion of the low compared with the high Mr polyethylene glycol polymers suggests that the volume of distribution of the individual polymers may vary with Mr, and smaller polyethylene glycol molecules may undergo considerable renal tubular reabsorption.

Diffusion of Polyethylene Glycol-400 across Lipid Barriers in Vitro

1993 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. H. Iqbal ◽  
K. O. Lewis ◽  
B. T. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 400 ◽  
Lipid Barriers

1. Polyethylene glycol has been used extensively as a probe to measure passive small-intestinal permeability in viro. However, there has been some uncertainty as to its suitability for use as an indicator of the permeation of water-soluble molecules across the intestinal wall because it seems to traverse the mucosa in much greater quantities than sugar molecules of equivalent Mr. 2. We have measured the permeation of polyethylene glycol-400 and lactulose from aqueous solution across pure lipid solvents in vitro. We found considerable transport of polyethylene glycol-400 across chloroform (1.03 g h−1 m−2) but no movement across petroleum ether. 3. However, in a separate experiment in which phospholipid (egg lecithin) was dissolved in the petroleum ether, permeation of polyethylene glycol-400 did occur (0.13 g h−1 m2), implying interaction of polyethylene glycol-400 with the phospholipid. No permeation of lactulose was seen in any of the experiments. 4. Our results suggest that, because of its interaction with lipid solvents, polyethylene glycol-400 is unsuitable as a probe to measure passive intestinal permeability in vivo.

scholarly journals Polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a marker of small intestinal permeability.

Gut ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 946-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
T H Iqbal ◽  
M A Cox ◽  
K O Lewis ◽  
B T Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Small Intestinal

Small intestinal absorption of polyethylene glycol 400 to 1,000 in the portacaval shunted rat

Hepatology ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1167-1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niclas Pantzar ◽  
Peter B. F. Bergqvist ◽  
Mogens Bugge ◽  
Gunnar Olaison ◽  
Stefan Lundin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 400 ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Small Intestinal Absorption

Studies of intestinal permeability in inflammatory diseases using polyethylene glycol 400

1986 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 298-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert T. Jenkins ◽  
Robert L. Goodacre ◽  
Patrick J. Rooney ◽  
John Bienenstock ◽  
Thillainathan Sivakumaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 400
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