Empirical equation derived for temperature dependence of density of heavy water

1966 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Heavy Water ◽  
Empirical Equation

Heat capacity of activation for the hydrolysis of methanesulfonyl chloride and benzenesulfonyl chloride in light and heavy water

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (22) ◽  
pp. 4199-4206 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Robertson ◽  
B. Rossall ◽  
S. E. Sugamori ◽  
L. Treindl
Keyword(s):  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Heavy Water ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Sulfonyl Chlorides ◽  
Benzenesulfonyl Chloride ◽  
Methanesulfonyl Chloride ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Parameter Temperature Dependence

Rates of solvolysis of methanesulfonyl chloride and benzenesulfonyl chloride have been determined in H2O and D2O. The free energy, enthalpy, entropy, and heat capacity of activation were calculated. The exceptional accuracy of the data permitted an estimation of dΔCp≠/dT from a four parameter temperature dependence of the kinetic rates.From these data we conclude that both sulfonyl chlorides hydrolyse by the same mechanism (Sn2) The change in R from CH3 to C6H5 in RSO2Cl did not alter ΔCp≠ but ΔS≠ (20°) was changed from −8.32 to −13.25 cal deg−1 mole−1, respectively. The significance of this difference is attributed to the probability of bond formation rather than to differences in solvent reorganization.

Determination of Natural Loss of Gasoline and Diesel Fuel during the Tank Storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 627 (5) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
D .S. Kopitsyn ◽  
◽  
P. A. Gushchin ◽  
A. A. Panchenko ◽  
F. V. Timofeev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Empirical Equation ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Antoine Equation ◽  
Tank Storage

In this work, we studied the processes of evaporation of gasoline and diesel fuel during their storage. We assessed of the temperature dependence of the content of hydrocarbon vapors in the gas phase over petroleum products. It was found that the experimental data are best described by the empirical equation based on the Antoine equation. An algorithm is proposed for calculating the natural loss of gasoline and diesel fuel, as well as approaches to its reduction.

Temperature Dependence of Viscosity B-Coefficients of Aqueous Solutions of Chlorides of Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Sr2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Cr3+

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1296-1300
Author(s):  
Muhammad Afzal ◽  
Muhammad J. Iqbal ◽  
Habib Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Empirical Equation ◽  
B Coefficients

The viscosity B-coefficients of the aqueous chlorides of Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Sr2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Cr3+ have been calculated from the parameters of an empirical equation of the form η = a0 exp(b0cM + d0cM2) and were found to be comparable with literature values. The variation of B-values with temperature between 20 - 50 °C has been described in terms of structure making/breaking behaviour of the cations.

Equivalent Effects of Time and Temperature in the Shear Creep and Recovery of Elastomers

1951 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
F. S. Conant ◽  
G. L. Hall ◽  
W. James Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Rate Equation ◽  
Experimental Verification ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Empirical Equation ◽  
Temperature Curve ◽  
Butyl Rubber ◽  
Shear Creep ◽  
Creep And Recovery ◽  
Reaction Rate Equation

Abstract An explicit relationship is set forth for the time-temperature dependence of the viscoelastic phenomena in superelastic polymers. An empirical equation that was found to represent adequately the above-mentioned relationship over the entire multiple-temperature curve is of the form: logtc=[Cα/(T−b)]+Cβ. Experimental verification is given for the equivalent influence of time and temperature on the creep and recovery of compounds based on Hevea, GR-S, Neoprene-GN, Butaprene, and Butyl rubber. A comparison of the empirical equation with that of a theoretical reaction-rate equation of Tobolsky and Eyring indicates a temperature dependence of the energy of activation.

The viscosity of dilute aqueous nonelectrolyte solutions

1981 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 2283 ◽  
Author(s):  
DM Alexander ◽  
DC Moy
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Empirical Equation ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Entropy Change ◽  
Aqueous System ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Dilute Solutions ◽  
Molar Entropy ◽  
B Coefficients

An equation is proposed to describe the viscosity B coefficients for dilute solutions of nonelectrolytes in water. It is based on an empirical equation developed for nonaqueous mixtures and an assumption that the entropy change on solution of the liquid solute affects the viscosity of the aqueous system in the same way as a change of molar entropy affects the viscosity of pure water. The equation is shown to represent experimental results well and is especially successful in representing the temperature dependence of the B coefficient for aqueous solutions of alcohols.

A re-examination of the Eötvös equation

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1930-1940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otto Exner
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Empirical Equation ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Effective Equation ◽  
Fixed Temperature ◽  
Several Variables

The Eotvos equation (1) was re-examined from a purely empirical standpoint on a restricted but carefully selected set of compounds; the main intention was to test how an empirical equation of several variables can be verified by experiments. At a fixed temperature Eq. (1) is able to predict one of the three experimental quantities - surface tension, density, critical temperature - from the remaining two with a fair precision, but the range of validity as to the structure is rather restricted. At variable temperature and for a given compound, Eq. (1) describes the temperature dependence of surface tension provided the temperature dependence of density is known; however, the precision is low and a simpler and a more effective equation can be derived. If both temperature and structure are varied, Eq. (1) infers relationships of very low precision or even clearly invalid.

Temperature Dependence of Activation Volumes of Solvolysis Reactions in Light and Heavy Water

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 1687-1692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude S. Davis ◽  
J. B. Hyne
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Heavy Water ◽  
Pressure Dependence ◽  
Benzyl Chloride ◽  
Methanesulfonyl Chloride ◽  
Extensive Data

The pressure dependence of the solvolysis rates for benzyl chloride, isopropyl bromide, and methanesulfonyl chloride in H2O and D2O have been measured. The temperature dependence of the activation volumes appears to be indicative of the mechanism of solvolyses and the differences in the temperature dependence of the activation volumes for the two solvents are consistent with D2O being the more structured. The more extensive data in the case of methanesulfonyl chloride deuterolysis indicates extremum behavior in ΔV* as a function of temperature in the 5–25 °C range.

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