Synaptic mechanisms of central control of motoneuronal activity in the facial nerve nucleus

1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
V. V. Fanardzhyan ◽  
L. R. Manvelyan ◽  
M. N. Sereda
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Central Control ◽  
Nerve Nucleus ◽  
Synaptic Mechanisms

Synaptic mechanisms of the action of subcortical formations on motoneurons in cat facial nerve

1986 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 580-587
Author(s):  
L. R. Manvelyan ◽  
V. V. Fanardzhyan
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Synaptic Mechanisms

FACIAL NERVE NUCLEUS IN THE CAT. FURTHER STUDY

1980 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 685???692 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHOKRI RADPOUR ◽  
RICHARD R. GACEK
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Nerve Nucleus

Focal brain-stem astrocytomas causing symptoms of involvement of the facial nerve nucleus: long-term survival in six pediatric cases

1994 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. B. Edwards ◽  
William M. Wara ◽  
Samuel F. Ciricillo ◽  
A. James Barkovich
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Brain Stem Glioma ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Nerve Nucleus

✓ Six children with a history of isolated facial nerve dysfunction or dizziness and nausea were treated for brain-stem glioma between 1984 and 1992. Computerized tomography and/or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed a focal, uniformly enhancing mass involving the facial nerve nucleus of the pons. All patients underwent biopsy; the histological diagnosis was juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma in five cases. In the remaining case the biopsy was nondiagnostic, although the surgeon believed that the lesion was a glioma. Postoperatively, five patients underwent conventional focal megavoltage radiation therapy (180 to 200 cGy/day) over a period of 5½ weeks to a total dose of approximately 5400 cGy. One child's family refused radiation therapy; she remained well and stable for 4 years, despite persistent facial weakness, and was eventually lost to follow-up review. Four irradiation-treated patients had complete resolution of their tumors on MR images and have had no evidence of neuropsychological or neuroendocrinological deficits during 4½ to 8 years of follow-up evaluation. Patients whose neuroradiological studies show a lesion resembling those in this series should undergo biopsy and, if the histology of a low-grade tumor (in particular, a juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma) is confirmed, should then receive focal radiation therapy with conventional megavoltage dosages.

scholarly journals Co-transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and monocytes in the brain stem to repair the facial nerve axotomy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wu ◽  
Dan Han ◽  
Jie Jiang ◽  
Xiaojie Xie ◽  
Xunran Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Facial Nerve Axotomy ◽  
Nerve Nucleus ◽  
Group 2

After the facial nerve axotomy (FNA), the distal end of the axon would gradually decay and disappear. Accumulated evidence shows that transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) reveals potential in the treatment of nervous system diseases or injuries. This study is aimed at investigating the therapeutic effects of co-transplantation of BMSCs and monocytes in FNA. We found that co-culture significantly elevated the CD4+/CD8+ ratio and CD4+ CD25+ T cell proportion compared with monocytes transplantation, and enhanced the differentiation of BMSCs into neurons. After the cell transplantation, the lowest apoptosis in the facial nerve nucleus was found in the co-transplantation group 2 (BMSCs:monocytes= 1:30). Moreover, the lowest expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the highest expression levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines were observed in the co-transplantation group 2 (BMSCs: monocytes= 1:30). The highest expression levels of protein in the JAK/STAT6 pathway and the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis were found in the co-transplantation group 2. BMSC/monocyte co-transplantation significantly improves the microenvironment in the facial nerve nucleus in FNA rats; therefore these findings suggest that it could promote the anti-/pro-inflammatory balance shift towards the anti-inflammatory microenvironment, alleviating survival conditions for BMSCs, regulating BMSC the chemotaxis homing, differentiation, and the section of BMSCs, and finally reducing the neuronal apoptosis. These findings might provide essential evidence for the in-hospital treatment of FNA with co-transplantation of BMSCs and monocytes.

scholarly journals An atypical manifestation of lateral medullary syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (12) ◽  
pp. 527-529
Author(s):  
Uddalak Chakraborty ◽  
Biswajit Banik ◽  
Atanu Chandra ◽  
Jyotirmoy Pal
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Facial Palsy ◽  
Brainstem Stroke ◽  
Lateral Medullary Syndrome ◽  
Ventromedial Medulla ◽  
Nerve Nucleus ◽  
Classical Triad ◽  
Postmenopausal Female ◽  
Dorsal Medulla ◽  
Atypical Manifestation

ABSTRACT Lateral medullary syndrome is a common brainstem stroke associated with a classical triad of Horner’s Syndrome, ipsilateral ataxia and hypalgesia and thermoanasthesia of ipsilateral face. We report a case of a 49-year-old diabetic, non-hypertensive, postmenopausal female who presented with symptoms involving the left dorsal medulla along with right sided hemiparesis and left UMN-type facial palsy. Contralateral hemiparesis was explained by caudal extension of infarct involving the pyramids before decussation at the medulla, known as Babinski–Nageotte Syndrome. UMN-type facial palsy was attributed to involvement of hypothetical supranuclear aberrant corticobulbar fibres of facial nerve which descend down in the contralateral ventromedial medulla, decussate at level of upper medulla and then ascend in the dorsolateral medulla to reach the facial nerve nucleus. Association of these two entities with Wallenberg’s Syndrome have been reported separately in literature, but not together as in this case.

scholarly journals Symptom of Hemifacial Spasm Is Not Affected By State of Consciousness: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Li ◽  
Zhuo Feng ◽  
Chunli Song ◽  
Zhanhua Liang
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Hemifacial Spasm ◽  
Past History ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Injection ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Disturbance Of Consciousness ◽  
Computed Tomography Scanning ◽  
Nerve Nucleus ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background: Hemifacial spasm is characterised by twitching of the muscles innervated by facial nerve. It is believed to result from hyperexcitability of the facial nerve nucleus or ephaptic transmission within the proximal facial nerve segment of the facial nerve nucleus. Often we observe spasm in an awakening situation. Actually contractions persist during sleep. To our knowledge, there were no reports on how it manifests under disturbance of consciousness. Herein we report a case whose symptoms sustained under coma status.Case presentation: A 74-year-old female suffered from right side primary hemifacial spasm for 20 years and used to accept botulinum toxin injection in our clinic. Unfortunately she was carried to emergency department in our hospital after traumatic right pneumothorax by accident. During emergency rescue cardiac arrest and apnea happened. She was then hospitalized in emergency intensive care unit for further therapy. During hospitalization, she was under coma status. Vital signs were stable and symptoms of hemifacial spasm sustained. A multidisciplinary consultation was request to identify whether it was focal cortical seizures involving the right side facial muscles. Physical examination revealed brief involuntary clonic or tonic contractions accompanied with the ‘Babinski-2’ sign. Synthesize the relevant data including past history, clinical manifestation and negative head computed tomography scanning, diagnosis was made as hemifacial spasm. Herein symptoms of hemifacial spasm were not life threatening and anti-epileptic drug was not necessary.Conclusions: It’s better for nonspecialists to prompt diagnose instead of under or misdiagnose the symptoms as seizures as inappropriate diagnostic or therapeutic measures may be taken inadvertently.

Changes in expression of prosaposin in the rat facial nerve nucleus after facial nerve transection

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kana Unuma ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Shouichiro Saito ◽  
Naoto Kobayashi ◽  
Kohji Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Nerve Transection ◽  
Nerve Nucleus

Expression patterns in alternative splicing forms of prosaposin mRNA in the rat facial nerve nucleus after facial nerve transection

2008 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Chen ◽  
Shouichiro Saito ◽  
Naoto Kobayashi ◽  
Kohji Sato ◽  
Takehiro Terashita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Nerve Transection ◽  
Nerve Nucleus
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document