Molecular biology of plasma membrane redox enzymes: A survey of current knowledge

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 205 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Goldenberg
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Redox Enzymes ◽  
Plasma Membrane Redox ◽  
Plasma Membrane Redox Enzymes

scholarly journals Proprotein Convertase 5/6 Is Critical for Embryo Implantation in Women: Regulating Receptivity by Cleaving EBP50, Modulating Ezrin Binding, and Membrane-Cytoskeletal Interactions

Endocrinology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (12) ◽  
pp. 5041-5052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophea Heng ◽  
Ana Cervero ◽  
Carlos Simon ◽  
Andrew N. Stephens ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Cellular Localization ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Human Endometrium ◽  
Scaffolding Protein ◽  
Proprotein Convertase ◽  
Proteomic Approach

Establishment of endometrial receptivity is vital for successful embryo implantation; its failure causes infertility. Epithelial receptivity acquisition involves dramatic structural changes in the plasma membrane and cytoskeleton. Proprotein convertase 5/6 (PC6), a serine protease of the proprotein convertase (PC) family, is up-regulated in the human endometrium specifically at the time of epithelial receptivity and stromal cell decidualization. PC6 is the only PC member tightly regulated in this manner. The current study addressed the importance and mechanisms of PC6 action in regulating receptivity in women. PC6 was dysregulated in the endometrial epithelium during the window of implantation in infertile women of three demographically different cohorts. Its critical role in receptivity was evidenced by a significant reduction in mouse blastocyst attachment of endometrial epithelial cells after PC6 knockdown by small interfering RNA. Using a proteomic approach, we discovered that PC6 cleaved the key scaffolding protein, ezrin-radixin-moesin binding phosphoprotein 50 (EBP50), thereby profoundly affecting its interaction with binding protein ezrin (a key protein bridging actin filaments and plasma membrane), EBP50/ezrin cellular localization, and cytoskeleton-membrane connections. We further validated this novel PC6 regulation of receptivity in human endometrium in vivo in fertile vs. infertile patients. These results strongly indicate that PC6 plays a key role in regulating fundamental cellular remodeling processes, such as plasma membrane transformation and membrane-cytoskeletal interface reorganization. PC6 cleavage of a crucial scaffolding protein EBP50, thereby profoundly regulating membrane-cytoskeletal reorganization, greatly extends the current knowledge of PC biology and provides substantial new mechanistic insight into the fields of reproduction, basic cellular biology, and PC biochemistry.

Transport and Trans-Plasma-Membrane Redox Systems

1982 ◽  
pp. 251-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick L. Crane ◽  
Hans Löw ◽  
Michael G. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Redox Systems ◽  
Plasma Membrane Redox

scholarly journals Lysosomal Exocytosis, Exosome Release and Secretory Autophagy: The Autophagic- and Endo-Lysosomal Systems Go Extracellular

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Buratta ◽  
Brunella Tancini ◽  
Krizia Sagini ◽  
Federica Delo ◽  
Elisabetta Chiaradia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Lysosomal Storage ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Extracellular Release ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Endosomal System

Beyond the consolidated role in degrading and recycling cellular waste, the autophagic- and endo-lysosomal systems play a crucial role in extracellular release pathways. Lysosomal exocytosis is a process leading to the secretion of lysosomal content upon lysosome fusion with plasma membrane and is an important mechanism of cellular clearance, necessary to maintain cell fitness. Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles originating from the inward budding of the membrane of late endosomes, which may not fuse with lysosomes but be released extracellularly upon exocytosis. In addition to garbage disposal tools, they are now considered a cell-to-cell communication mechanism. Autophagy is a cellular process leading to sequestration of cytosolic cargoes for their degradation within lysosomes. However, the autophagic machinery is also involved in unconventional protein secretion and autophagy-dependent secretion, which are fundamental mechanisms for toxic protein disposal, immune signalling and pathogen surveillance. These cellular processes underline the crosstalk between the autophagic and the endosomal system and indicate an intersection between degradative and secretory functions. Further, they suggest that the molecular mechanisms underlying fusion, either with lysosomes or plasma membrane, are key determinants to maintain cell homeostasis upon stressing stimuli. When they fail, the accumulation of undigested substrates leads to pathological consequences, as indicated by the involvement of autophagic and lysosomal alteration in human diseases, namely lysosomal storage disorders, age-related neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. In this paper, we reviewed the current knowledge on the functional role of extracellular release pathways involving lysosomes and the autophagic- and endo-lysosomal systems, evaluating their implication in health and disease.

Molecular Biology of the Plasma Membrane of Higher Plants

1989 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 953
Author(s):  
Michael R. Sussman ◽  
Jeffrey F. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Higher Plants

A link between transport and plasma membrane redox system(s) in carrot cells

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakash C. Misra ◽  
Theodore A. Craig ◽  
Frederick L. Crane
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Redox System ◽  
Plasma Membrane Redox System ◽  
Plasma Membrane Redox ◽  
Carrot Cells

scholarly journals Plasma membrane redox system protects cells against oxidative stress

Redox Report ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 148-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Rodríguez-Aguilera ◽  
G. López-Lluch ◽  
C. Santos-Ocaña ◽  
J.M. Villalba ◽  
C. Gómez-Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Redox System ◽  
Plasma Membrane Redox System ◽  
Plasma Membrane Redox
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