Tip cell growth and the frequency and distribution of particle rosettes in the plasmalemma: Experimental studies inFunaria protonema cells

PROTOPLASMA ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Schnepf ◽  
O. Witte ◽  
U. Rudolph ◽  
G. Deichgr�ber ◽  
H. -D. Reiss
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Tip Cell ◽  
Particle Rosettes

scholarly journals Moy.01HOXB9: an emerging novel prognostic marker and potential target for gene-therapy in colorectal liver metastases

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eirini Martinou ◽  
Carla Moller-Levet ◽  
Angeliki Angelidi ◽  
Izhar Bagwan ◽  
Nariman Karanjia
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Liver Resection ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Liver Metastases ◽  
Prognostic Marker ◽  
Colorectal Liver Metastases ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Patient Cohort ◽  
Potential Target

Abstract Aims Homeobox (HOX) proteins are emerging as promising biomarkers and targets for gene-therapy in cancer; however, their role in colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) is unknown. This study aims to investigate the role of HOXB9 as prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target in CRLM. Methods Two patient-cohorts were included: a) Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) from the National Cancer Institute, Tissue Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database (n = 614) and b) Institutional patient cohort who underwent liver resection for CRLM (n = 110) between 2007-2014. Primary outcome was 10-year overall survival (OS). COX regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were performed including HOXB9 expression, demographics, clinicopathological and treatment-related variables. HOXB9 gene expression was modulated to assess its impact on CRC cell growth in vitro. Therefore, we conducted experimental studies using plasmid-vector and siRNA-interference to overexpress and knockdown HOXB9 respectively. Results Univariable TCGA analysis showed that HOXB9 did not predispose to poor OS (HR = 1, 95%CI:0.92-1.1, p = 0.620). On the contrary, univariable analysis in the CRLM patient cohort showed that high HOXB9 levels, right sided CRC, CRLM number≥4, CRLM diameter≥5cm, and intrahepatic recurrence were associated with significantly increased risk for worse OS. On multivariable models, only high HOXB9 expression (HR = 3.82, 95%CI:1.59-9.2, p = 0.003) and intrahepatic recurrence (HR = 4.28, 95%CI:1.88-9.72, p = 0.001) retained significance as independent prognostic factors after liver resection. Experimental studies showed that HOXB9 overexpression increased cell proliferation (p < 0.001) whereas HOXB9 inhibition markedly supressed CRC cell growth (p < 0.001) in vitro. Conclusions HOXB9 demonstrates oncogenic properties and may serve as novel prognostic marker and potential target for gene-directed therapy in CRC/CRLM.

scholarly journals A kinetic theory approach for modelling tumour and macrophages heterogeneity and plasticity during cancer progression

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (04) ◽  
pp. 659-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Eftimie ◽  
L. Gibelli
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Kinetic Equations ◽  
Tumour Cells ◽  
Phenotypic Heterogeneity ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Clonal Heterogeneity ◽  
Tumour Dormancy

The heterogeneity and plasticity of macrophages have become a topic of great interest, due to their role in various diseases ranging from cancer to bacterial infections. While initial experimental studies assumed an extreme polarisation situation, with the (anti-tumour) M1 and (pro-tumour) M2 macrophages representing the two extreme cell phenotypes, more recent studies showed a continuum of macrophages polarisation phenotypes. Here, we focus on tumour-macrophage interactions and develop a mathematical model based on kinetic equations for active particles to describe (i) the dynamics of macrophages with a continuum of diverse functional states, ranging from pro-tumour to anti-tumour states; and (ii) the dynamics of tumour cells with a variety of progression (i.e. mutation) states. With the help of this model we show that the growth of solid tumours is associated with an increased clonal heterogeneity, as well as with an increased macrophages phenotypic heterogeneity (caused by a shift from an initial anti-tumour M1-like phenotype to a mixed M1–M2 phenotype). Moreover, we show that the assumption of exponential tumour/immune cell growth leads to an unbounded macrophages growth, which is biologically unrealistic. In contrast, the assumption of logistic tumour/immune cell growth can lead to tumour dormancy (under the control of immune cells), or to tumour growth towards smaller/larger sizes which depend on various model parameters. Finally, we show that tumour dormancy is associated with an increase in the clonal heterogeneity of tumour cells and in the phenotypic heterogeneity of macrophages.

Surface modification of bioaerosol by physical, chemical, and biological ageing processes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minghui Zhang ◽  
Amina Khaled ◽  
Pierre Amato ◽  
Anne-Marie Delort ◽  
Barbara Ervens
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Protein Surfaces ◽  
Biological Ageing ◽  
Cloud Models ◽  
Ageing Processes

<p>Primary biological aerosol particles (PBAP) are a significant fraction of total atmospheric aerosol burden and can exhibit unique properties in terms of ice nucleation. In current atmospheric models, it is usually assumed that the physicochemical properties of PBAP are constant during their atmospheric residence time. However, several experimental studies have shown that PBAP undergo microphysical, chemical, and biological ageing processes in the atmosphere. These processes include bacterial agglomeration, modification of protein surfaces by chemical reactions (e.g., nitration) and cellular responses to changing ambient conditions. In addition, possible biological ageing processes such as cell growth and multiplication may change cell size and number. Here, we explore by means of process models the modification of the ice nucleating, hygroscopic and optical (scattering/absorption) properties of PBAP by such ageing processes with an emphasis on biological ageing. We show that cell growth/multiplication of ice-nucleating bacteria could enhance IN activity. Besides, cell modficaiton by ageing processes might change bacteria scattering properties due to size and surface composition modfication. Modification of protein surfaces  decreases IN activity for certain types of PBAP over atmospeherically relevant time scales. We perform model sensitivity tests over wide ranges of chemcial and biological parameters to identify conditions, under which these and other ageing processes have a significant effect on physicochemical properties of aged PBAP. Based on this analysis, we develop parameterizations for PBAP ageing processes to be included in aerosol and cloud models of different scales.</p>

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE EFFECT OF KE AND EW PEPTIDES ON NORMAL AND TUMOR IMMUNE CELLS

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1S) ◽  
pp. 174-176
Author(s):  
N S Linkova ◽  
E S Mironova ◽  
O M Ivko ◽  
O A Orlova ◽  
A V Dudkov
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Comparative Effect ◽  
Lymphoma Cells ◽  
Normal Human

KE and EW peptides have an immunoprotective and oncostatic effect in experimental studies. However, their comparative effect on normal and cancer immune cells has not been carried out yet. The aim of the work is to study the effect of KE and EW peptides on T-lymphocytes and Berkitt lymphoma cells growth in culture. To plot the cell growth curve, the cells were scattered at a concentration of 20,000 per 2 ml. KE and EW peptides were added to cultures at 100 ng/ml. Counting cells was carried out in the Gorjaev’s chamber. KE and EW peptides increased the number of lymphocytes of human blood as compared with the control during 5 days by 64-219%. KE and EW peptides reduced the number of Burkitt lymphoma cells as compared with the control during 5 days by 37-101%. KE and EW peptides decreased tumor immune cell proliferation and increased normal human lymphocytes grow. We suppose, that these effects can be connected with various ways of peptide regulation of methylation status of DNA.

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