Dissolution of metallic platinum as water soluble species by naturally occurring complexing agents

1998 ◽  
Vol 129 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 189-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
S�nnke Lustig ◽  
Shuliang Zang ◽  
Wollgong Beck ◽  
Peter Schramel
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Complexing Agents ◽  
Metallic Platinum ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Soluble Species

scholarly journals Phosphate removal from water by naturally occurring shale, sandstone, and laterite: The role of iron oxides and of soluble species

2019 ◽  
Vol 351 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Eude Kpannieu ◽  
Martine Mallet ◽  
Lacina Coulibaly ◽  
Mustapha Abdelmoula ◽  
Christian Ruby
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxides ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Soluble Species

Bildung wasserlöslicher Histidin-Platin- Komplexe aus metallischem Platin und Histidin / Formation of Water Soluble Histidine Platinum Complexes from Metallic Platinum and Histidine

1988 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Ehrenstorfer-Schäfers ◽  
Helmut Hartl ◽  
Wolfgang Beck
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Platinum Complex ◽  
Platinum Complexes ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Oxygen Atmosphere ◽  
Metallic Platinum

AbstractMetallic Platinum dissolves under oxygen atmosphere in aqueous histidine solution. About 0.1 to 0.3 μmol of a water soluble histidine platinum complex per ml solution have been found by atomic absorption spectroscopy.

scholarly journals Molecular Distributions of Soluble Oxidation Products from Coals Characterized by Mass Spectrometers

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Xing Fan ◽  
Fei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Direct Analysis ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Mass Spectrometers ◽  
Polycarboxylic Acids ◽  
Alkanoic Acids ◽  
Carboxylic Groups ◽  
Soluble Species

Oxidation of three coals with rank from lignite to anthracite in NaOCl aqueous solution was investigated in this study. The oxidation products were characterized by using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry. The results showed that most of organic compounds in coals were converted into water-soluble species under mild conditions, even the anthracite. Benzene polycarboxylic acids (BPCAs) and chloro-substituted alkanoic acids (CSAAs) were major products from the reactions. The products from lower rank coals consist of considerable CSAAs and most products from high rank coals are BPCAs. As coal rank increases, the yield of BPCAs with more carboxylic groups increases.

Spectrophotometric investigation of sensitive complexing agents for the determination of zinc in serum.

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1310-1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Homsher ◽  
B Zak
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
The Other ◽  
Complexing Agents ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry

Abstract Of two sensitive complexometric reagents for the colorimetry of serum zinc that we investigated, one, 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol (Br-PADAP), was found to be a potentially useful compound for trace-metal determinations. It has a high molar absorptivity (120 000 L mol-1 cm-1) but is not convenient to use because it is not very soluble in water. The other reagent, a related pyridylazo compound, is 2-(5-bromo-2-pyridylazo)-5-(N-n-propyl-N-3-sulfopropylamino)phenol (5-BR-PAPS). It seems better suited for use in routine zinc determinations because, besides being water soluble, it has a higher molar absorptivity, 130 000 L mol-1 cm-1. Results by the proposed method developed with 5-Br-PAPS correlated well with those by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The between-run CV for control sera was less than 5%; the within-run CV (same controls) was less than 4%.

scholarly journals Synergistic effect of water-soluble species and relative humidity on morphological changes in aerosol particles in the Beijing megacity during severe pollution episodes

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaole Pan ◽  
Baozhu Ge ◽  
Zhe Wang ◽  
Yu Tian ◽  
Hang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Mineral Dust ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Aerodynamic Diameter ◽  
Soluble Species ◽  
Pollution Episodes

Abstract. Depolarization ratio (δ) of backscattered light is an applicable parameter for distinguishing the sphericity of particles in real time, which has been widely adopted by ground-based lidar observation systems. In this study, δ values of particles and chemical compositions in both PM2.5 (aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 µm) and PM10 (aerodynamic diameter less than 10 µm) were concurrently measured on the basis of a bench-top optical particle counter with a polarization detection module (POPC) and a continuous dichotomous aerosol chemical speciation analyzer (ACSA-14) from November 2016 to February 2017 at an urban site in Beijing megacity. In general, measured δ values depended on both size and sphericity of the particles. During the observation period, mass concentrations of NO3- in PM2.5 (fNO3) were about an order of magnitude higher than that in PM2.5−10 (cNO3) with a mean fNO3∕cNO3 ratio of 14±10. A relatively low fNO3∕cNO3 ratio (∼5) was also observed under higher relative humidity conditions, mostly due to heterogeneous processes and particles in the coarse mode. We found that δ values of ambient particles in both PM2.5 and PM2.5−10 obviously decreased as mass concentration of water-soluble species increased at unfavorable meteorological conditions. This indicated that the morphology of particles was changed as a result of water-absorbing processes. The particles with optical size (Dp) of Dp = 5 µm were used to represent mineral dust particles, and its δ values (δDp=5) decreased by 50 % as the mass fraction of cNO3 increased from 2 % to 8 % and ambient relative humidity increased up to 80 %, suggesting that mineral dust particles were likely to be spherical during humid pollution episodes. During the observation, relative humidity inside the POPC measuring chamber was stable at 34±2 %, lower than the ambient condition. Its influence on the morphology was estimated to be limited and did not change our major conclusion. This study highlights the evident alteration of non-sphericity of mineral dust particles during their transport owing to a synergistic effect of both pollutant coatings and hygroscopic processes, which plays an important role in the evaluation of its environmental effect.

Development and Characterization of the Neuroregenerative Xanthohumol C/Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin Complex Suitable for Parenteral Administration

Planta Medica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (16) ◽  
pp. 1233-1241
Author(s):  
Michael Kirchinger ◽  
Lara Bieler ◽  
Julia Tevini ◽  
Michael Vogl ◽  
Elisabeth Haschke-Becher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
Pharmaceutical Research ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Complexing Agents ◽  
Cyclodextrin Complex ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Strong Candidate

AbstractThe chroman-like chalcone Xanthohumol C, originally found in hops, was demonstrated to be a potent neuroregenerative and neuroprotective natural product and therefore constitutes a strong candidate for further pharmaceutical research. The bottleneck for in vivo experiments is the low water solubility of this chalcone. Consequently, we developed and validated a suitable formulation enabling in vivo administration. Cyclodextrins were used as water-soluble and nontoxic complexing agents, and the complex of Xanthohumol C and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin was characterized using HPLC, HPLC-MS, NMR, and differential scanning calorimetry. The water solubility of Xanthohumol C increases with increasing concentrations of cyclodextrin. Using 50 mM 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, solubility was increased 650-fold. Furthermore, in vitro bioactivity of Xanthohumol C in free and complexed form did not significantly differ, suggesting the release of Xanthohumol C from 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. Finally, a small-scaled in vivo experiment in a rat model showed that after i. p. administration of the complex, Xanthohumol C can be detected in serum, the brain, and the cerebrospinal fluid at 1 and 6 h post-administration. Mean (± SD) Xanthohumol C serum concentrations after 1, 6, and 12 h were determined as 463.5 (± 120.9), 61.9 (± 13.4), and 9.3 (± 0.8) ng/mL upon i. v., and 294.3 (± 22.4), 45.5 (± 0.7), and 13 (± 1.0) ng/mL after i. p. application, respectively. Accordingly, the formulation of Xanthohumol C/2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin is suitable for further in vivo experiments and further pharmaceutical research aiming for the determination of its neuroregenerative potential in animal disease models.

scholarly journals Synergistic effect of water-soluble species and relative humidity on morphological changes of aerosol particles in Beijing mega-city during severe pollution episodes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaole Pan ◽  
Baozhu Ge ◽  
Zhe Wang ◽  
Yu Tian ◽  
Hang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Coarse Mode ◽  
Heavy Pollution ◽  
Soluble Species

Abstract. Depolarization ratio (δ) of backscattered light from aerosol particle is an applicable parameter for real-time distinguishing spherical and non-spherical particles, which has been widely adopted by ground-based Lidar observation and satellite remote sensing. From November 2016 to February of 2017, it consecutively suffered from numbers of severe air pollution at Beijing with daily averaged mass concentration of PM2.5 (aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm) larger than 150 μg/m3. We preformed concurrent measurements of water-soluble chemical species and depolarization properties of aerosol particles on the basis of a continuous dichotomous Aerosol Chemical Speciation Analyzer (ACSA-14) and a bench-top optical particle counter with a polarization detection module (POPC). We found that δ value of ambient particles generally decrease as mass concentration of PM2.5 increased at unfavorable meteorological condition. Ratio of mass concentration of nitrate (NO3−) to that of sulfate (SO42−) in PM2.5 was 1.5 ± 0.6, indicating of great importance of NOx in the formation of heavy pollution. Mass concentration of NO3− in PM2.5 (fNO3) was generally an order of magnitude higher than that in coarse mode (cNO3) with a mean fNO3 / cNO3 ratio of 14 ± 10. Relatively high allocation (fNO3/cNO3 = 5) of NO3− in coarse mode could be partially attributed to hygroscopic growth/coagulation of nitrate-rich fine mode particles under higher relative humidity condition. As a result, δ values of particles with Dp = 2 μm (δDp = 2) and 5 μm (δDp = 5) decreased evidently as the mass fraction of water-soluble species (NO3− and SO42−) increase in both PM2.5 and PM2.5–10, respectively. In particular, due to synergistic effect of RH, δDp = 5 value could decrease by 50 % as mass fraction of NO3− in PM2.5–10 increased from 8 % to 23 %. It suggested that alteration of non-sphericity of mineral dust particles was evident owing to coating with pollutants and heterogeneous reactions on the surface of the particle during heavy pollution period. This study brings the attention to great variability of morphological changes of aerosol particles along the transport, which have great complex effects in evaluating their climate and health effect.

The Role of Water Soluble Species in Bitumen Recovery from Oil Sands

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weronika Swiech ◽  
Spencer Taylor ◽  
Huang Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Oil Sands ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Species ◽  
Bitumen Recovery
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