Regeneration of adult rat CNS axons into peripheral nerve autografts: ultrastructural studies of the early stages of axonal sprouting and regenerative axonal growth

1992 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 755-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Campbell ◽  
A. R. Lieberman ◽  
P. N. Anderson ◽  
M. Turmaine
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Axonal Growth ◽  
Axonal Sprouting ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Rat Cns

Maturation and Fine Structure of Thalamic Reticular Neurons Transplanted into the Adult Rat CNS

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitte Onténiente ◽  
Fatiha Nothias ◽  
Michel Geffard ◽  
Marc Peschanski
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Reticular Neurons ◽  
Rat Cns

Peripheral nerve injury down-regulates CNTF expression in adult rat sciatic nerves

1992 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 188-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Rabinovsky ◽  
G. M. Smith ◽  
D. P. Browder ◽  
H. D. Shine ◽  
J. L. McManaman
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Sciatic Nerves

scholarly journals Dynein promotes sustained axonal growth and Schwann cell remodeling early during peripheral nerve regeneration

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. e1007982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Ducommun Priest ◽  
Maria F. Navarro ◽  
Juliane Bremer ◽  
Michael Granato
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Axonal Growth ◽  
Cell Remodeling

scholarly journals Muscle Reinnervation with Delayed or Immediate Transplant of Embryonic Ventral Spinal Cord Cells into Adult Rat Peripheral Nerve

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Grumbles ◽  
Patrick Wood ◽  
Michelle Rudinsky ◽  
Anna M. Gomez ◽  
Christine K. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Nerve Degeneration ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Muscle Reinnervation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ventral Spinal Cord

Muscle denervation is common in various neuromuscular diseases and after trauma. It induces skeletal muscle atrophy. Only muscle reinnervation leads to functional recovery. In previous studies, denervated adult rat muscles were rescued by transplantation of embryonic day 14–15 (E14–15) ventral spinal cord cells into a nearby peripheral nerve. In the present study, changes were made in the environment into which the cells were placed to test whether reinnervation was improved by: 1) prior nerve degeneration, induced by sciatic nerve transection 1 week before cell transplantation; 2) transplantation of 1 million versus 5 million cells; 3) addition of nerve growth factor (NGF) to the transplant. Ten weeks after cell transplantation, axons had grown from all of the transplants. The numbers of myelinated axons that regenerated into the tibial, medial (MG), and lateral gastrocnemius-soleus (LGS) nerves were similar across treatments. The mean diameters of large LGS axons (>6 μm) were significantly larger with nerve degeneration before transplantation. The mean diameters of MG and LGS axons were significantly larger with transplantation of 1 million versus 5 million cells. Silver-stained experimental and control lateral gastronemius (LG) muscles showed axons that terminated at motor end plates. Nodal and terminal sprouts were more common in reinnervated muscles (45–63% of all end plates) than in control muscles (10%). Electrical stimulation of the transplants induced weak contractions in 39 of 47 MG muscles (83%) and 33 of 46 LG muscles (72%) but at higher voltages than needed to excite control muscles. The threshold for MG contraction was lower with transplantation of 1 million cells, while LG thresholds were lower without NGF. The cross-sectional area of whole LG muscles was significantly larger with cell transplantation (immediate or delayed) than with media alone, but all of these muscle areas were reduced significantly compared with control muscle areas. These data suggest that delayed transplantation of fewer cells without NGF assists regeneration of larger diameter axons and prevents some muscle atrophy.

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