Classical absorption theory and the development of gastric mucosal damage associated with the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

1987 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith McCormack ◽  
Kay Brune
Keyword(s):  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Damage ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Absorption Theory

scholarly journals Toxicokinetic Study of a Gastroprotective Dose of Capsaicin by HPLC-FLD Method

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (15) ◽  
pp. 2848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónika Kuzma ◽  
Krisztina Fodor ◽  
Attila Almási ◽  
Gyula Mózsik ◽  
Tibor Past ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Circulation ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Damage ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Intermediate Precision ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: A low dose of capsaicin and its natural homologs and analogs (capsaicinoids) have shown to prevent development of gastric mucosal damage of alcohol and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. Based on this experimental observation, a drug development program has been initiated to develop per os applicable capsaicin containing drugs to eliminate gastrointestinal damage caused by non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. Methods: As a part of this program, a sensitive and selective reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-based method with fluorescence detection has been developed for quantification of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin in experimental dog’s plasma. Results: The method was evaluated for a number of validation characteristics (selectivity, repeatability, and intermediate precision, LOD, LOQ, and calibration range). The limit of detection (LOD) was 2 ng/mL and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 10 ng/mL for both capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin. The method was used for analysis of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin in the plasma samples obtained after per os administration of low doses (0.1, 0.3, and 0.9 mg/kg bw) of Capsaicin Natural (USP 29) to the experimental animals. Conclusions: The obtained results indicated that the administered capsaicinoids did not reach the general circulation.

Effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on LFA-1 and ICAM-1 expression in gastric mucosa

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (4) ◽  
pp. G657-G664 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Andrews ◽  
C. Malcontenti-Wilson ◽  
P. E. O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Gastric Injury ◽  
Lymphocyte Function ◽  
Nsaid Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium appears to play an important role in gastric injury. This study aimed to develop immunohistochemical staining techniques to investigate the distribution and sequence of expression of both leukocyte [lymphocyte function associated antigen 1 (LFA-1)] and endothelial [intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1)] adhesion molecules in the mucosa after treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). In control rats there were 803 +/- 72 LFA-1-stained cells/mm2 in the deep mucosa, 134 +/- 32 cells/mm2 in the superficial mucosa, and 6.4 +/- 1.2 ICAM-1-stained blood vessels/mm2 in the total mucosa. The number of ICAM-1-stained blood vessels in the mucosa increased significantly after 30 min of treatment with intragastric aspirin (30 mM; 25.2 +/- 7.2/mm2, P < 0.01) and indomethacin (20 mg/kg; 20.7 +/- 4.4/mm2, P < 0.01) before any appreciable mucosal damage was evident. This increase was reversed by treatment with misoprostol (100 micrograms/kg) in both aspirin- (7.6 +/- 1.7/mm2, P < 0.01) and indomethacin-treated animals (10.7 +/- 2.6/mm2, P < 0.05). There was no significant increase in LFA-1-positive cells until 60 min of NSAID treatment. We conclude that the adhesion molecules LFA-1 and ICAM-1 are expressed in the normal gastric mucosa and that the number of ICAM-1-stained blood vessels increase rapidly after NSAID treatment. This increase in ICAM-1 expression may be associated with an inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by NSAIDs. These results provide further support for the role of early vascular changes in NSAID gastropathy.

scholarly journals Ethnopharmacological Inspections of Organic Extract of Oroxylum indicum in Rat Models: A Promising Natural Gift

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mst. Marium Begum ◽  
Azharul Islam ◽  
Rayhana Begum ◽  
Md. Sahab Uddin ◽  
Md. Sohanur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Damage ◽  
Edema Formation ◽  
Oroxylum Indicum ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The stem bark of Oroxylum indicum (O. indicum) was aimed at testing for anti-inflammatory, antiulcerative, antihyperglycemic, and antidyslipidemic activities. Liver enzyme concentration (SGPT, SGOT) had also been assessed. After being extracted in organic solvent, 3 distinct doses, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg b.w. (p.o.), were used. For edema formation 0.1 ml carrageenan at a dose of 1% w/v was injected into paw of left hind. It showed a fall of edemas 37.50%, 48.34%, and 55.83% while used doses were 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg b.w. (p.o.) individually. The EtOH extract of O. indicum (50%) and its fractions PET, CLF, EtOAc, and nBUT were studied against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage. Only PET and n-BuOH exhibited the highest percentage of protection and were 96% and 99%, respectively, persuaded by ethanol. In OGTT glibenclamide revealed reduction of glucose level to 7.55 ± 0.22 mmol/L from 10.57 ± 0.32 mmol/L after 30 minutes. Antihyperglycemic activities were assessed for 8- and 12-week duration in diabetic rats. Glibenclamide reduced glucose level from 33.50±0.31 to 7.90±0.19 mmol/L in 12 weeks. In 12 and 8 weeks, combination therapy lowered blood glucose level to a normal extent by 79% and 61% individually. In antidyslipidemic activities after 12-week treatment, it revealed simvastatin; MEOI (400 mg/kg b.w.) and combination of both reduced TC level by 44%, 28%, and 48% consequently followed by TG and LDL. In 8-week treatment, HDL levels were increased by 34%, 13%, and 36%, and in 12 weeks increased by 36%, 8%, and 38% consequently. Liver enzyme concentration after 12 weeks of treatment with glibenclamide, 400 mg/kg b.w. (p.o.) of MEOI and combination of both, exhibited the fact that concentration of SGPT showed downturn by 43.23%, 8.01%, and 54.86% and SGOT by 42.40%, 5.31%, and 44.85%. This study remarked that O. indicum has anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, antidiabetic, and antidyslipidemic potentials but has no ameliorative effect on liver enzyme.

Ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats and intervention of tert-butylhydroquinone: Involvement of Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Rahman ◽  
DK Dwivedi ◽  
GB Jena
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Damage ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Lesion ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Gastric ulcer (GU) is the most common health concern that occurs due to alcohol consumption, smoking and physiological stress. Ethanol-induced GU in animal model resembles the pathophysiology of human ulcer. The present study was designed to investigate the cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties of tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ), a nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activator, against gastric mucosal damage induced by acute exposure of ethanol (5 ml/kg). The intervention of tBHQ (25 and 50 mg/kg, per os (po)) and omeprazole (20 mg/kg, po) was done for 10 consecutive days. Omeprazole was chosen as a standard drug because it is prescribed for the treatment of GU. Pretreatment of tBHQ decreased gastric mucosal lesion, ulcer index, apoptotic cells and lipid peroxidation level induced by ethanol. Furthermore, the intervention of tBHQ increased gastric mucosa integrity, pH, reduced glutathione, collagen and mucus-producing goblet cells. Intervention of tBHQ increased the expression of antioxidant markers such as Nrf2, haeme oxygenase-1 and catalase and decreased the expressions of inflammatory markers such as nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells and cyclooxygenase-2. The cytoprotective potential of tBHQ against gastric mucosal damage might be due to its ability to enhance cellular antioxidants and anti-inflammatory responses.

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