The role of the spinal ganglion of the sacral nerve on the function of the urinary bladder

1963 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Shishito ◽  
T. Saito ◽  
K. Imabayashi ◽  
N. Nakano ◽  
Y. Shiraiwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Spinal Ganglion ◽  
Sacral Nerve

Role of PKC isozymes in water transport in toad urinary bladder

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 302-303
Author(s):  
A.J. Mia ◽  
L.X. Oakford ◽  
T. Yorio
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Apical Membrane ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Toad Urinary Bladder ◽  
Pkc Isozymes ◽  
Antibody Labeling

Protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes, when activated, are translocated to particulate membrane fractions for transport to the apical membrane surface in a variety of cell types. Evidence of PKC translocation was demonstrated in human megakaryoblastic leukemic cells, and in cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts, using FTTC immunofluorescent antibody labeling techniques. Recently, we reported immunogold localizations of PKC subtypes I and II in toad urinary bladder epithelia, following 60 min stimulation with Mezerein (MZ), a PKC activator, or antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Localization of isozyme subtypes I and n was carried out in separate grids using specific monoclonal antibodies with subsequent labeling with 20nm protein A-gold probes. Each PKC subtype was found to be distributed singularly and in discrete isolated patches in the cytosol as well as in the apical membrane domains. To determine if the PKC isozymes co-localized within the cell, a double immunogold labeling technique using single grids was utilized.

THE ROLE OF THE MOTHER IN 131I METABOLISM OF SUCKING AND WEANLING RATS

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Samel ◽  
A. Caputa
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
In Utero ◽  
The State ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
Immature Rats ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Old Rats

In newborn rats the mother provokes the emptying of the urinary bladder by stimulating the perineum with her tongue. The possibility that mothers may thereby ingest the urine of their young has been studied by means of 131I on nine litters of rats aged 10 to 29 days. The results indicate that a considerable quantity of 131I administered intraperitoneally to 10- and 18-day-old rats, which were then reunited with their mothers for 4 hours, reappears in the organism of uninjected nurslings after passing through the organism of the mother. The amount of 131I transferred from injected rats into the bodies of isolated uninjected rats of the same litter decreased during the period of weaning. The observed recirculation of 131I between immature rats and their mothers in both directions may represent a saving mechanism which might include several other substances and would compensate for their loss via the milk, and suggests a new aspect of maternal–neonatal interrelationship which appears as a continuation of the state existing in utero.

THE ROLE OF INTERLEUKIN-6 ON THE CONTRACTILE RESPONSES OF RAT URINARY BLADDER

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
S.C. Myung ◽  
M.Y. Lee ◽  
M.K. Lee ◽  
S.H. Ahn ◽  
T.H. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Rat Urinary Bladder ◽  
Contractile Responses

scholarly journals Expression and functional role of Rho-kinase in rat urinary bladder smooth muscle

2003 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. 757-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Wibberley ◽  
Zunxuan Chen ◽  
Erding Hu ◽  
J Paul Hieble ◽  
Timothy D Westfall
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Rho Kinase ◽  
Bladder Smooth Muscle ◽  
Rat Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urinary Bladder Smooth Muscle

Cloning of an aquaporin homologue present in water channel containing endosomes of toad urinary bladder

1996 ◽  
Vol 270 (1) ◽  
pp. C372-C381 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Siner ◽  
A. Paredes ◽  
C. Hosselet ◽  
T. Hammond ◽  
K. Strange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Water Channel ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Xenopus Laevis Oocytes ◽  
Sequence Motif ◽  
Toad Urinary Bladder ◽  
Cytoplasmic Vesicles ◽  
Terrestrial Habitats ◽  
Total Body

Regulation of total body water balance in amphibians by antidiuretic hormone (ADH) contributed to their successful colonization of terrestrial habitats approximately 200-300 million years ago. In the mammalian kidney, ADH modulates epithelial cell apical membrane water permeability (Pf) by fusion and retrieval of cytoplasmic vesicles containing water channel proteins called aquaporins (AQPs). To determine the role of AQPs in ADH-elicited Pf in amphibians, we have identified and characterized a unique AQP from Bufo marinus called AQP toad bladder (AQP-TB). AQP-TB possesses many structural features common to other AQPs, AQP-TB is expressed abundantly in ADH-responsive tissues, including toad urinary bladder and skin as well as lung, skeletal muscle, kidney, and brain. In a manner identical to that reported for the mammalian ADH-elicited water channel AQP2, AQP-TB expression is increased significantly by intervals of dehydration or chronic ADH stimulation. However, expression of AQP-TB protein in Xenopus laevis oocytes does not significantly increase oocyte Pf. The lack of expression of functional AQP-TB water channels in oocytes may result from intracellular sequestration of AQP-TB due to the presence of a YXRF sequence motif present in its carboxyterminal domain.

scholarly journals Combination role of DAPK methylation in urinary sediment and B ultrasound in evaluating follow-up of urinary bladder cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linlin Wang ◽  
Fuquan Jiang ◽  
Changfeng Li ◽  
Jiansong Han
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Urinary Bladder Cancer ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Urinary Sediment ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Kappa Test

Abstract Background: Urinary bladder cancer (UBC) is a highly prevalent disease and is associated with substantial morbidity, mortality and cost. This paper aims to explore the combination role of DAPK methylation in urinary sediment and B ultrasound in diagnosing recurrent UBC. Methods: A total of 1021 cases of primary UBC undergone electrocision of bladder tumor through urethra were included and were subjected to follow up every 3 month within 2 years. B ultrasound, DAPK methylation in urinary sediment, examination of exfoliated cells in urine and cystoscopy were performed during the follow up. The data recorded in follow up were subjected to chi-square test and Kappa test. ROC was drawn to evaluate the diagnostic role of each parameter in recurrent UBC. Results: Among the 1021 patients, 115 patients were found with recurrent UBC by cystoscopy and biopsy two years after the operation, and failed to complete the follow up, thus the effective number of follow up was 906. The cystoscopy results were not only consistent with that of B ultrasound (Kappa = 0.785, P < 0.05), but also agreed with that of DAPK methylation in urinary sediment and combination of B ultrasound with DAPK methylation (Kappa = 0.517, P < 0.05, Kappa = 0.593, P < 0.05). ROC curve indicated that the area under curve of combination of B ultrasound with DAPK methylation was 0.922 (sensitivity, 92.86%; specificity, 91.63%; Youden index, 0.845) with negative prediction value of 99.4% which suggested that the recurrent risk would be low in case negative results were obtained. Conclusion: Those data supported that combination of DAPK methylation with B ultrasound has high performance in diagnosing recurrent UBC.

scholarly journals Role of peptidoglycan in the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus saprophyticus in mice

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-602
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Hydropic Degeneration ◽  
Staphylococcus Saprophyticus ◽  
Renal Vessels ◽  
In Cells

The pathogenicity of S. saprophyticus was studied in mice. A group of white mice were injected transurethrally using a catheter with S. saprophyticus S67 cell suspension in a concentration reached 109 CFU/ml. concomitantly, the role of its peptidoglycan in the pathogenicity was studied by injecting another group of mice with 0.3 mg/0.2 ml of partially purified S. saprophyticus S67 peptidoglycan extract. After autopsy, kidneys and urinary bladder showed several histopathological changes both in cells and peptidoglycan injected mice, included: hydropic degeneration, glomerulus shrinkage, congestion of renal vessels, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and dekeratinization in urinary bladder.

scholarly journals The Role of Glutathione S-Transferases in Urinary Tract Tumors

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Simić ◽  
Ana Savić-Radojević ◽  
Marija Plješa-Ercegovac ◽  
Marija Matić ◽  
Tatjana Sašić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
Chemotherapy Resistance ◽  
High Recurrence Rate ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Glutathione S Transferases

The Role of Glutathione S-Transferases in Urinary Tract Tumors Exposure to potential carcinogens is among the etiological factors for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder. RCC is very resistant, while TCC exhibits a high recurrence rate and multifocality. Cytosolic glutathione S-transferases (GST) are a superfamily of enzymes which protect normal cells by catalyzing conjugation reactions between electrophylic compounds, including carcinogens, and glutathione. Some GST enzymes posses hydroperoxidase activity. The most well characterized classes have been named Alpha (GSTA), Mu (GSTM), Pi (GSTP) and Theta (GSTT) and each of these classes contains several different isoenzymes. Several types of allelic variation have been identified within classes, among which GSTM1-null and GSTT1-null confer impaired catalytic activity. Individuals with the GSTM1-null genotype carry a substantially higher risk for bladder carcinogenesis. The effects of glutathione S-transferase T1 polymorphism on the increased susceptibility to RCC and TCC of urinary bladder depend on the presence of specific chemical exposures to compounds metabolized via the GSTT1-1 pathway. In the process of kidney cancerisation expression of GST alpha isoenzymes tends to decrease, consequently favoring a prooxidant environment necessary for the growth of RCC. GST pi enzyme activities are generally retained in RCC and might contribute to the chemotherapy resistance of RCC. In the malignant phenotype of TCC of the urinary bladder up regulation of various GST classes occurs. Up regulation of GSTT1-1 and GSTP1-1 might have important consequences on the tumor growth, by providing a reduced environment and inhibition of apoptotic pathways.

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