Pay discrimination and imperfect competition in the labor market

1994 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Naylor
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Imperfect Competition

scholarly journals FIRMS’ EMPLOYMENT DYNAMICS AND THE STATE OF THE LABOR MARKET

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-37
Author(s):  
Karolina Stadin
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Imperfect Competition ◽  
Adjustment Costs ◽  
Product Market ◽  
Realistic Model ◽  
Matching Theory ◽  
Perfect Competition ◽  
Search And Matching ◽  
Employment Decisions ◽  
Employment Dynamics

According to search and matching theory, a greater availability of unemployed workers should make it easier for a firm to fill a vacancy, but more vacancies at other firms should make recruitment more difficult. Simulating a theoretical model of a firm facing perfect competition in the product market and no convex adjustment costs (standard assumptions in the search and matching literature), I find that shocks to vacancies and unemployment lead to economically significant employment responses. Simulating a more realistic model with imperfect competition in the product market and convex adjustment costs, I find small employment effects of shocks to vacancies and unemployment. In particular, shocks to the number of unemployed seem to be unimportant. Estimating an employment equation on a panel of Swedish firms, I find that neither the number of unemployed workers nor the number of vacancies in the local labor market is important for firms’ employment decisions.

Economy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Зинаида Океанова ◽  
Zinaida Okyeanova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Environmental Economics ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Imperfect Competition ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
State Educational

The textbook systematizes the regularities of economic development, interaction of economic entities on the basis of mechanisms of market and state regulation. The features of perfect and imperfect competition, individual and market demand and supply, their elasticity depending on price changes and other grounds are considered. Among the most important are the problems of rationality of consumer behavior and behavior of firms, market mechanisms of formation of factors of production and factor income. Considerable attention is paid to the processes of macroeconomic regulation in General and in specific areas of the economy – in the financial, investment markets, the labor market, in the social sphere. Innovative approaches and modern trends of economic development, leading schools and economic thought are investigated. The textbook corresponds to the State educational standard of higher professional education in Economics. It is prepared on actual foreign and domestic works. It is characterized by the consistency of the structural structure, the sequence of presentation, availability for understanding. For bachelors, masters, more in-depth study of certain economic problems as basic in line with master's programs, for example, in banking , labor market, environmental Economics, state regulation of the economy, the economy of Russia, etc., as well as practical workers and persons interested in the economy.

scholarly journals Research and analysis of imperfect competition in the Russian labor market and its projected development

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Kravtsevich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Imperfect Competition ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
Statistical Research ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Quality Specifications

Introduction. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the spreading negative socio-economic phenomena of the Russian labor market, such as poverty of the working population, inequality in the income distribution, etc., intercept the reproduction of the labor force, reducing its quality and introducing undesirable structural changes. The reasons for the manifestation of negative socio-economic phenomena in the Russian labor market are based on the principles of imperfect competition in social and labor relations. Specifically, the social and labor relations of labor market subjects have no mutually beneficial basis and are most often aimed at satisfying the economic interests of the employers and infringing on the socio-economic interests of the employees, as well as the fact that the employees are required to have the manpower quality specifications that they lack or the employees have the manpower quality specifications that are not demanded by the employer, i.e. the labor market. The aim of the study is the quantitative assessment of the manifestation degree of imperfect competition in the Russian labor market with the possibility of predicting its spread to social and labor relations, with the subsequent development of conceptual solutions to regulate the imperfect competition in the Russian labor market. Materials and Methods. A set of methods of statistical and mathematical research is used for the purposes of this study. Mathematical modeling of imperfect competition is carried out by methods of probabilistic and vector analysis. The empirical study of imperfect competition is carried out by the method of statistical observation. Results. The result of mathematical modeling and statistical research of imperfect competition is the conclusion about the cyclical development of competition in the Russian labor market, where the cyclical change occurred in 2008 and 2016 and was largely determined by the general trend of the country's economic development and the ongoing crisis phenomena. Relatively sustainable development of competition is observed pertaining to a territorial feature, since there is almost no change in segment groups as a result of cyclical development of competition, which can be successfully interpreted as inertia (stagnation) in the development of competition. The set of measures taken by the state for the development of competitive processes in social and labor relations and regulation of the competitive environment in the Russian labor market is characterized by its insignificant impact on the segment structure and features of competitive processes and components of the competitive environment, as well as by the ineffectiveness of the implemented measures for government regulation. Discussion and Conclusion. The preservation and spread of the influence of the imperfect competitive processes and imperfect competitive conditions for the specified features and components are predicted in the Russian labor market. The use of quantitative indicators of imperfect competition is one of the methods for the performance evaluation of state regulation of imperfect competition in the Russian labor market.

Regional aspects of imperfect competition in the domestic labor market

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
С.В. Кравцевич ◽  
О.С. Тулохонов
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Imperfect Competition ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Domestic Labor ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Labour Policy ◽  
Regional Labour Markets ◽  
Domestic Labour

В статье дана характеристика особым преференциальным территориям в РФ, проведен анализ их развития, показавший ежегодный и активный рост числа ТОСЭР, их резидентов, объемов вложенных инвестиционных ресурсов, числа рабочих мест. Выявлены проблемы в функционировании ТОСЭР. Представлены сведения о текущем состоянии ТОСЭР в Республике Дагестане. Авторами предложена методика оценки эффективности функционирования ТОСЭР, расположенных на территории монопрофильных муниципальных образований (ММО), которая имеет комплексный характер и учитывает многоаспектные особенности функционирования данных территорий, что позволяет получать информацию для принятия управленческих решений, осуществлять мониторинг деятельности ТОСЭР. Imperfect competition in social and labour relations has no homogeneous effect on regional labour markets. There is a regional segmentation of the domestic labor market under the influence of imperfect competition. Government measures and measures to regulate the domestic labour market have different effects on regional labour markets. In this regard, the weakening of imperfect competition in social and labour relations is seen through the strengthening of the role of the regional labour policy of the population.

scholarly journals Imperfect Competition, Compensating Differentials, and Rent Sharing in the US Labor Market

2022 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-212
Author(s):  
Thibaut Lamadon ◽  
Magne Mogstad ◽  
Bradley Setzler
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Imperfect Competition ◽  
Job Characteristics ◽  
Compensating Differentials ◽  
Heterogeneous Preferences ◽  
The Us ◽  
Rent Sharing ◽  
The Universe

We quantify the importance of imperfect competition in the US labor market by estimating the size of labor market rents earned by American firms and workers. We construct a matched employer-employee panel dataset by combining the universe of US business and worker tax records for the period 2001–2015. Using this panel data, we identify and estimate an equilibrium model of the labor market with two-sided heterogeneity where workers view firms as imperfect substitutes because of heterogeneous preferences over nonwage job characteristics. The model allows us to draw inference about imperfect competition, worker sorting, compensating differentials, and rent sharing. (JEL D24, H24, H25, J22, J24, J31, J42)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document