scholarly journals Axoplasmic transport of noradrenaline in the sciatic nerves of spontaneously diabetic mice

Diabetologia ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Giachetti
Keyword(s):  
Axoplasmic Transport ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Sciatic Nerves

Application of a multiwire proportional chamber to the detection of axoplasmic transport

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Snyder ◽  
R. A. Reynolds ◽  
R. S. Smith ◽  
W. S. Kendal
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Axoplasmic Transport ◽  
Nerve Activity ◽  
Proportional Chamber ◽  
Nerve Ganglion ◽  
Multiwire Proportional Chamber ◽  
Sciatic Nerves ◽  
A New Technique

A new technique for the detection of the axoplasmic transport of β-radioactively labelled materials is described wherein a multiwire proportional chamber is used to measure the distribution of activity along peripheral nerve fibers which are maintained in vitro. The operating principles of the chamber are described and basic construction parameters given. Potential radiolabels are discussed.Two types of studies were performed at room temperature in vitro using sciatic nerves of the amphibian Xenopus laevis: static and dynamic. In the static study the nerve ganglion was incubated for a suitable period of time in either L-[U-14C]leucine or L-[35S]methionine after which the ganglion was removed and the activity in the remaining nerve assayed with the chamber. In the dynamic study the nerve activity was assayed by the chamber while incubation proceeded so that a dynamic picture of transport could be observed. Using the second approach, transport rates were observed which are in agreement with others which have been reported in the literature.Some advantages and limitations of the technique are discussed.

scholarly journals TXNIP, a novel key factor to cause Schwann cell dysfunction in diabetic peripheral neuropathy, under the regulation of PI3K/Akt pathway inhibition-induced DNMT1 and DNMT3a overexpression

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Song Zhao ◽  
Qingqing Yuan ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Fan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Akt Pathway ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Sciatic Nerves ◽  
Pathway Inhibition

AbstractDiabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and the dysfunction of Schwann cells plays an important role in the pathogenesis of DPN. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is known as an inhibitor of thioredoxin and associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. However, whether TXNIP is involved in dysfunction of Schwann cells of DPN and the exact mechanism is still not known. In this study, we first reported that TXNIP expression was significantly increased in the sciatic nerves of diabetic mice, accompanied by abnormal electrophysiological indexes and myelin sheath structure. Similarly, in vitro cultured Schwann cells TXNIP was evidently enhanced by high glucose stimulation. Again, the function experiment found that knockdown of TXNIP in high glucose-treated RSC96 cells led to a 4.12 times increase of LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and a 25.94% decrease of cleaved caspase 3/total caspase 3 ratio. Then, DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor 5-Aza has been reported to benefit Schwann cell in DPN, and here 5-Aza treatment reduced TXNIP protein expression, improved autophagy and inhibited apoptosis in high glucose-treated RSC96 cells and the sciatic nerves of diabetic mice. Furthermore, DNMT1 and DNMT3a upregulation were found to be involved in TXNIP overexpression in high glucose-stimulated RSC96 cells. Silencing of DNMT1 and DNMT3a effectively reversed high glucose-enhanced TXNIP. Moreover, high glucose-inhibited PI3K/Akt pathway led to DNMT1, DNMT3a, and TXNIP upregulation in RSC96 cells. Knockdown of DNMT1 and DNMT3a prevented PI3K/Akt pathway inhibition-caused TXNIP upregulation in RSC96 cells. Finally, in vivo knockout of TXNIP improved nerve conduction function, increased autophagosome and LC3 expression, and decreased cleaved Caspase 3 and Bax expression in diabetic mice. Taken together, PI3K/Akt pathway inhibition mediated high glucose-induced DNMT1 and DNMT3a overexpression, leading to cell autophagy inhibition and apoptosis via TXNIP protein upregulation in Schwann cells of DPN.

Retrograde axoplasmic transport of inactive dopamine-β-hydroxylase in sciatic nerves

1976 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikuko Nagatsu ◽  
Yukari Kondo ◽  
Takeshi Kato ◽  
Toshiharu Nagatsu
Keyword(s):  
Axoplasmic Transport ◽  
Sciatic Nerves

Pepino polyphenolic extract improved oxidative, inflammatory and glycative stress in the sciatic nerves of diabetic mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1111-1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin-Tsu Ma ◽  
Charng-Cherng Chyau ◽  
Cheng-Chin Hsu ◽  
Shyh-Ming Kuo ◽  
Chin-Wen Chuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Polyphenolic Extract ◽  
Sciatic Nerves

The effect of pepino polyphenolic extract (PPE) on diabetic neuropathy was examined.

Incorporation of Cholesterol into Peripheral Nerve Myelin

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 334-335
Author(s):  
Frank A. Rawlins
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Electron Microscope Autoradiography ◽  
Myelin Sheaths ◽  
Microscope Autoradiography ◽  
Grain Distribution ◽  
Sciatic Nerves ◽  
Autoradiographic Analysis ◽  
Old Mice ◽  
Short Times

Several speculations exist as to the site of incorporation of preformed molecules into myelin. The possibility that an autoradiographic analysis of cholesterol-1,2-H3 incorporation at very short times after injection might shed some light in the solution of that problem led to the present experiment.Cholesterol-1,2-H3 was injected intraperitoneally into 24 tenday old mice. The animals were then sacrificed at 10,20,30,40,60,90,120 and 180 min after the injection and the sciatic nerves were processed for electron microscope autoradiography. To analyze the grain distribution in the autoradiograms of cross and longitudinal sections from each sciatic nerve myelin sheaths were subdivided into three compartments named: outer 1/3, middle 1/3 and inner 1/3 compartments.It was found that twenty min. after the injection of cholesterol -1.2-H3 (Figs. 1 and 2), 55% of the total number of grains (t.n.g) found in myelin were within the outer 1/3 compartment, 9% were within the middle 1/3 and 36% within the inner 1/3 compartment

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