scholarly journals Use of a glucose controlled insulin infusion system (artificial beta cell) to control diabetes during surgery

Diabetologia ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Schwartz ◽  
D. L. Horwitz ◽  
B. Zehfus ◽  
B. Langer ◽  
A. R. Moossa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Cell ◽  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
Artificial Beta Cell ◽  
Control Diabetes ◽  
Infusion System

IMPORTANCE OF INSULIN SECRETION BASED ON THE RATE OF CHANGE IN BLOOD GLUCOSE CONCENTRATION IN GLUCOSE TOLERANCE, ASSESSED BY THE ARTIFICIAL BETA CELL

1978 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuzo Kawamori ◽  
Motoaki Shichiri ◽  
Yoshikazu Goriya ◽  
Yoshimitsu Yamasaki ◽  
Yukio Shigeta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
Insulin Pump ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Glucose Regulation ◽  
Physiological Level ◽  
Artificial Beta Cell

ABSTRACT The dynamic property of glucose-induced insulin secretion was simulated with the aid of a control theory, and the relationship between the stepwise input of glucose concentration and the biphasic response of insulin as an output was expressed in the transfer function of proportional plus derivative action to glucose concentration. By utilizing this model, the following computer algorithm for the artificial beta cell was made; rate of insulin infusion = Kp BG + Kd ΔBG+ Kc, where BG was the abbreviation for glucose concentration, ΔBG was the rate of change in BG, Kp and Kd were the coefficient for the proportional and derivative action, respectively, and Kc the constant for basal insulin secretion. Microcomputer, insulin pump and digital printer were packed in small case, which was connected with glucose analyzer. Experiments were carried out in the depancreatized dogs to validate the importance of infused insulin based on derivative action to glucose concentration in glucose regulation. Kd/Kp ratio was changed when insulin was infused following iv glucose bolus injection. The results revealed that when the derivative action was added to the proportional action properly in insulin infusion regulatory system, insulin requirement was the smallest and glucose regulation was the best. The characteristics of the system recognized in clinical application were 1) rate of insulin infusion was small enough to keep the plasma concentration of insulin at a physiological level, then insulin requirements were reduced to around a half of those given subcutaneously, 2) glucose or glucagon to restore hypoglycaemia was not essential.

Development of the Biostator Glucose clamping algorithm.

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1899-1904 ◽  
Author(s):  
A H Clemens ◽  
D L Hough ◽  
P A D'Orazio
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽  
Model System ◽  
Exogenous Insulin ◽  
Maturity Onset Diabetes ◽  
Beta Cell Response ◽  
Infusion System

Abstract The "glucose clamping" technique has been proposed as a method for the early detection of a beginning derangement of glucose homeostasis and thus for the possible prevention of maturity-onset diabetes. This technique interrupts the physiological glucose-insulin relationship by placing a patient's blood glucose concentration under an investigator's control, for quantification of the pancreatic beta-cell response during hyperglycemic clamps and of sensitivity of body tissue to exogenous insulin during normoglycemic clamps. We report the development of a glucose clamping algorithm for use with the Biostator glucose-controlled insulin-infusion system (Horm. Metab. Res., Suppl. 8: 23-33, 1977). This algorithm adds simplicity and precision to the glucose clamping procedure and reduces operator effort to a minimum. We describe the early development of the algorithm with a model system and report evaluations made during animal studies and preliminary investigations with human subjects.

A secure insulin infusion system using verification monitors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhinandan panda ◽  
Srinivas Pinisetty ◽  
Partha Roop
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
Infusion System

An Automatic Insulin Infusion System Based on the Genetic Algorithm FOPID Control

2020 ◽  
pp. 355-366
Author(s):  
Akshaya Kumar Patra ◽  
Anuja Nanda ◽  
Bidyadhar Rout ◽  
Dillip Kumar Subudhi ◽  
Sanjeeb Kumar Kar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
Infusion System

Development and evaluation of a glucose analyzer for a glucose controlled insulin infusion system ((Biostator).

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1366-1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
E J Fogt ◽  
L M Dodd ◽  
E M Jenning ◽  
A H Clemens
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentrations ◽  
Infusion System

Abstract The Glucose-Controlled Insulin Infusion System (Biostator) is a modular, computerized, feedback control system for dynamic control of blood glucose concentrations in diabetics. This on-line glucose analyzer for use with whole blood utilizes a novel enzyme (glucose oxidase)-membrane configuration and an electrochemical cell to measure the H202 generated. The analyzer exhibits both short- and long-range stability, and instrument response and analyte concentration are linearly related over the full range of clinical interest. The response is fast, accurate, and precise, and permits determination of blood glucose within 2 min from the moment the blood leaves the patient. Correlation studies were completed to show the agreement between the Biostator Glucose Analyzer and the FDA's recommended hexokinase/glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase procedure on whole blood (e.g., average per cent recovered for 11 concentrations between 250 and 900 mg/liter was: hexokinase, 95.6%, Biostator Analyzer, 95.9%; bias and SDd, respectively, at low, normal, and high glucose values were: 12 and 41 mg/liter at the 500 mg/liter level; 4 and 52 mg/liter at the 1000 mg/liter level, and 4 and 128 mg/liter at the 4000 mg/liter level). No appreciable interference is observed with above-normal concentrations of bilirubin, uric acid, creatinine, sodium salicylate, or dextran. Platelet adhesion, which tends to decrease the useful life of the membrane, has been significantly decreased.

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