Influence of a dominant focus, formed in the blink reflex center, on a local defensive reflex in the rabbit

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Roshchina
Keyword(s):  
Blink Reflex ◽  
Dominant Focus ◽  
Defensive Reflex

The effect of age on blink reflex excitability recovery

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kofler ◽  
H. Kumru ◽  
J. Schaller
Keyword(s):  
Blink Reflex ◽  
Reflex Excitability ◽  
Effect Of Age

Utilidad del blink reflex en un caso de neurobehçet de tronco

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (01) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Mónica Ortega Galán ◽  
A.G. García ◽  
Victor Martínez ◽  
Jesús Calleja Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Blink Reflex

scholarly journals Effects of Transcranial Ultrasound Stimulation on Trigeminal Blink Reflex Excitability

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 645
Author(s):  
Andrea Guerra ◽  
Edoardo Vicenzini ◽  
Ettore Cioffi ◽  
Donato Colella ◽  
Antonio Cannavacciuolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Superior Colliculus ◽  
Blink Reflex ◽  
Transcranial Ultrasound ◽  
Recovery Cycle ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Nucleus Raphe Magnus ◽  
Ultrasound Stimulation ◽  
Raphe Magnus ◽  
Interstimulus Intervals

Recent evidence indicates that transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) modulates sensorimotor cortex excitability. However, no study has assessed possible TUS effects on the excitability of deeper brain areas, such as the brainstem. In this study, we investigated whether TUS delivered on the substantia nigra, superior colliculus, and nucleus raphe magnus modulates the excitability of trigeminal blink reflex, a reliable neurophysiological technique to assess brainstem functions in humans. The recovery cycle of the trigeminal blink reflex (interstimulus intervals of 250 and 500 ms) was tested before (T0), and 3 (T1) and 30 min (T2) after TUS. The effects of substantia nigra-TUS, superior colliculus-TUS, nucleus raphe magnus-TUS and sham-TUS were assessed in separate and randomized sessions. In the superior colliculus-TUS session, the conditioned R2 area increased at T1 compared with T0, while T2 and T0 values did not differ. Results were independent of the interstimulus intervals tested and were not related to trigeminal blink reflex baseline (T0) excitability. Conversely, the conditioned R2 area was comparable at T0, T1, and T2 in the nucleus raphe magnus-TUS and substantia nigra-TUS sessions. Our findings demonstrate that the excitability of brainstem circuits, as evaluated by testing the recovery cycle of the trigeminal blink reflex, can be increased by TUS. This result may reflect the modulation of inhibitory interneurons within the superior colliculus.

scholarly journals It’s Practice. But is it Strategy? Reinvigorating strategy-as-practice by rethinking consequentiality

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 263178772110296
Author(s):  
Paula Jarzabkowski ◽  
Mustafa Kavas ◽  
Elisabeth Krull
Keyword(s):  
Active Role ◽  
Empirical Approach ◽  
It Strategy ◽  
Dominant Focus ◽  
Study Strategy ◽  
Strategy As Practice ◽  
Practice Agenda

In this essay we revisit the radical agenda proposed by strategy-as-practice scholars to study strategy as it emerges within people’s practices. We show that, while much progress has been made, there is still a dominant focus on articulated strategies, which has implications for what is seen as strategic. We anchor our argument in the notion of consequentiality – a guiding yet, ironically, constraining principle of the strategy-as-practice agenda. Our paper proposes a deeper understanding of the notion of strategy as ‘consequential’ in terms of both what is important to a wider range of actors and also following the consequences of these actors’ practices through the patterns of action that they construct. In doing so, we offer a conceptual and an empirical approach to reinvigorating the strategy-as-practice agenda by inviting scholars to take a more active role in field sites, in deciding and explaining what practices are strategic.

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