Influence of peripheral nerve grafts on the expression of GAP-43 in regenerating retinal ganglion cells in adult hamsters

1995 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 487-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tat Fong Ng ◽  
Kwok-Fai So ◽  
Sookja K. Chung
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Nerve Grafts ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Grafts

scholarly journals Axonal regeneration of retinal ganglion cells after optic nerve pre-lesions and attachment of normal or pre-degenerated peripheral nerve grafts

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
SI-WEI YOU ◽  
KULDIP S. BEDI ◽  
HENRY K. YIP ◽  
KWOK-FAI SO
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Axonal Regeneration ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Lesion Effect ◽  
Nerve Grafts ◽  
Proximal Lesion ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Grafts

Axonal regeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) into a normal or pre-degenerated peripheral nerve graft after an optic nerve pre-lesion was investigated. A pre-lesion performed 1–2 weeks before a second lesion has been shown to enhance axonal regeneration in peripheral nerves (PN) but not in optic nerves (ON) in mammals. The lack of such a beneficial pre-lesion effect may be due to the long delay (1–6 weeks) between the two lesions since RGCs and their axons degenerate rapidly 1–2 weeks following axotomy in adult rodents. The present study examined the effects of the proximal and distal ON pre-lesions with a shortened delay (0–8 days) on axonal regeneration of RGCs through a normal or pre-degenerated PN graft. The ON of adult hamsters was transected intraorbitally at 2 mm (proximal lesion) or intracranially at 7 mm (distal lesion) from the optic disc. The pre-lesioned ON was re-transected at 0.5 mm from the disc after 0, 1, 2, 4, or 8 days and a normal or a pre-degenerated PN graft was attached onto the ocular stump. The number of RGCs regenerating their injured axons into the PN graft was estimated by retrograde labeling with FluoroGold 4 weeks after grafting. The number of regenerating RGCs decreased significantly when the delay-time increased in animals with both the ON pre-lesions (proximal or distal) compared to control animals without an ON pre-lesion. The proximal ON pre-lesion significantly reduced the number of regenerating RGCs after a delay of 8 days in comparison with the distal lesion. However, this adverse effect can be overcome, to some degree, by a pre-degenerated PN graft applied 2, 4, or 8 days after the distal ON pre-lesion enhanced more RGCs to regenerate than the normal PN graft. Thus, in order to obtain the highest number of regenerating RGCs, a pre-degenerated PN should be grafted immediately after an ON lesion.

Predegenerated Peripheral Nerve Grafts Rescue Retinal Ganglion Cells from Axotomy-Induced Death

2001 ◽  
Vol 167 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Gołka ◽  
Joanna Lewin-Kowalik ◽  
Ewa Świech-Sabuda ◽  
Magdalena Larysz-Brysz ◽  
Dariusz Górka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Nerve Grafts ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Grafts

scholarly journals The use of peripheral nerve grafts to enhance neuronal survival, promote growth and permit terminal reconnections in the central nervous system of adult rats

1987 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Bray ◽  
M. P. Villegas-Perez ◽  
M. Vidal-Sanz ◽  
A. J. Aguayo
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Nerve Grafts ◽  
Cells Of Origin ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Grafts ◽  
The Central Nervous System

During both development and regeneration, the survival of neurones and the growth of axons are controlled by inherent neuronal properties, conditions in the axonal environment, and the establishment of appropriately timed and specific functional contacts. To study the effects of extrinsic influences on the survival, growth and connectivity of axotomized neurones in the mature mammalian CNS, we replaced the optic nerve in adult rats with segments of autologous peripheral nerve (PN) and used morphometric techniques, neuroanatomical tracer substances and immunological cell markers to examine retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), their axons in the PN grafts and their terminals in the superior colliculi (SC) of these animals. We observed that: (1) the survival of axotomized RGCs was enhanced by the PN grafts; (2) in the PN-grafted eyes, approximately 20% of the surviving RGCs regrew their axons into the grafts and (3) some of the RGC axons that regenerated along the PN grafts bridging the eye and the tectum re-entered the SC, arborized and made synaptic contacts with tectal neurones. It is not known if the terminal connections established between RGCs and cells in the SC are appropriate, functional or capable of influencing the long-term survival of their cells of origin.

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