The projection of the lateral geniculate nucleus to area 17 of the rat cerebral cortex. I. General description

1976 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Peters ◽  
Martin L. Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Lateral Geniculate Nucleus ◽  
Rat Cerebral Cortex ◽  
General Description ◽  
Area 17 ◽  
Lateral Geniculate

Expression of MARCKS mRNA in lateral geniculate nucleus and visual cortex of normal and monocularly deprived macaque monkeys

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 633-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
NORIYUKI HIGO ◽  
TAKAO OISHI ◽  
AKIKO YAMASHITA ◽  
KEIJI MATSUDA ◽  
MOTOHARU HAYASHI
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Lateral Geniculate Nucleus ◽  
Macaque Monkey ◽  
Monocular Deprivation ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Area 17 ◽  
Double Labeling ◽  
Α Subunit ◽  
Kinase Substrate ◽  
Lateral Geniculate

We performed a nonradioactive in situ hybridization histochemistry (ISH) study of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and the primary visual area (area 17) of the macaque monkey to investigate mRNA expression of the myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS), a major protein kinase C (PKC) substrate. In the LGN, intense hybridization signals were observed in both magnocellular neurons (layers 1 and 2) and parvocellular neurons (layers 3 to 6). Double labeling using ISH and immunofluorescence revealed that MARCKS mRNA was coexpressed with the α-subunit of type II calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, indicating that MARCKS mRNA is also expressed in koniocellular neurons in the LGN. GABA-immunoreactive neurons in the LGN did not contain MARCKS mRNA, indicating that MARCKS mRNA is not expressed in inhibitory interneurons. The signals were generally weak in area 17, and intense signals were restricted to large neurons in layers IVB, V, and VI. GABA-immunoreactive neurons in layers II–VI of area 17 did not contain MARCKS mRNA. Double-label ISH revealed that MARCKS mRNA was coexpressed with mRNA of GAP-43, another PKC substrate, in neurons of both the LGN and area 17. To determine whether the expression of MARCKS mRNA is regulated by retinal activity, we performed ISH in the LGN and area 17 of monkeys deprived of monocular visual input by tetrodotoxin. After monocular deprivation for 5 to 30 days, MARCKS mRNA was down-regulated in the LGN, but not in area 17. These results suggest that MARCKS mediates the activity-dependent changes in the excitatory relay neurons in the LGN.

Numerical relationship between neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus and primary visual cortex in macaque monkeys

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Suner ◽  
Pasko Rakic
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Lateral Geniculate Nucleus ◽  
Primary Visual Cortex ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Area 17 ◽  
Counting Method ◽  
Lateral Geniculate ◽  
Cortex Area ◽  
The Right

AbstractWe examined the numerical correlation between total populations of neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and the primary visual cortex (area 17 of Brodmann) in ten cerebral hemispheres of five normal rhesus monkeys using an unbiased three-dimensional counting method. There were 1.4 ± 0.2 million and 341 ±54 million neurons in the LGN and area 17, respectively. In each animal, a larger LGN on one side was in register with a larger area 17 of the cortex on the same side. Furthermore, asymmetry in the number of neurons in both the LGN and area 17 favored the right side. However, because of small variations across subjects, correlation between the total neuron number in LGN and area 17 was weak (r = 0.29). These results suggest that the final numbers of neurons in these visual centers may be established independently or by multiple factors controlling elimination of initially overproduced neurons.

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