Practical version of the Asymptotic Linearity Theorem with applications to the additivity problems of thermodynamic quantities

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeru Arimoto ◽  
Keith Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Quantities ◽  
Additivity Problems ◽  
Asymptotic Linearity

System of thermodynamic quantities in the McMillan-Mayer solution theory

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilém Kodýtek
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Generating Function ◽  
Simple Form ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Thermodynamic Quantities ◽  
Solution Theory ◽  
Pure Solvent ◽  
Second Derivatives ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Derivatives Of

The McMillan-Mayer (MM) free energy per unit volume of solution AMM, is employed as a generating function of the MM system of thermodynamic quantities for solutions in the state of osmotic equilibrium with pure solvent. This system can be defined by replacing the quantities G, T, P, and m in the definition of the Lewis-Randall (LR) system by AMM, T, P0, and c (P0 being the pure solvent pressure). Following this way the LR to MM conversion relations for the first derivatives of the free energy are obtained in a simple form. New relations are derived for its second derivatives.

Interpretation of Preferential Adsorption Using Random Phase Approximation Theory

1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 1641-1652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri C. Benoît ◽  
Claude Strazielle
Keyword(s):  
Approximation Theory ◽  
Random Phase Approximation ◽  
Virial Coefficient ◽  
Random Phase ◽  
Second Virial Coefficient ◽  
Solvent Mixture ◽  
Gyration Radius ◽  
Thermodynamic Quantities ◽  
Phase Approximation ◽  
Preferential Adsorption

It has been shown that in light scattering experiments with polymers replacement of a solvent by a solvent mixture causes problems due to preferential adsorption of one of the solvents. The present paper extends this theory to be applicable to any angle of observation and any concentration by using the random phase approximation theory proposed by de Gennes. The corresponding formulas provide expressions for molecular weight, gyration radius, and the second virial coefficient, which enables measurements of these quantities provided enough information on molecular and thermodynamic quantities is available.

scholarly journals The Equilibrium Phase Formation and Thermodynamic Properties of Functional Tellurides in the Ag–Fe–Ge–Te System

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1314
Author(s):  
Mykola Moroz ◽  
Fiseha Tesfaye ◽  
Pavlo Demchenko ◽  
Myroslava Prokhorenko ◽  
Nataliya Yarema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromotive Force ◽  
Equilibrium Phase ◽  
Stoichiometric Composition ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
Electrochemical Cells ◽  
Thermodynamic Quantities ◽  
Positive Electrodes ◽  
Gibbs Energies ◽  
Buffer Region ◽  
First Time

Equilibrium phase formations below 600 K in the parts Ag2Te–FeTe2–F1.12Te–Ag2Te and Ag8GeTe6–GeTe–FeTe2–AgFeTe2–Ag8GeTe6 of the Fe–Ag–Ge–Te system were established by the electromotive force (EMF) method. The positions of 3- and 4-phase regions relative to the composition of silver were applied to express the potential reactions involving the AgFeTe2, Ag2FeTe2, and Ag2FeGeTe4 compounds. The equilibrium synthesis of the set of phases was performed inside positive electrodes (PE) of the electrochemical cells: (−)Graphite ‖LE‖ Fast Ag+ conducting solid-electrolyte ‖R[Ag+]‖PE‖ Graphite(+), where LE is the left (negative) electrode, and R[Ag+] is the buffer region for the diffusion of Ag+ ions into the PE. From the observed results, thermodynamic quantities of AgFeTe2, Ag2FeTe2, and Ag2FeGeTe4 were experimentally determined for the first time. The reliability of the division of the Ag2Te–FeTe2–F1.12Te–Ag2Te and Ag8GeTe6–GeTe–FeTe2–AgFeTe2–Ag8GeTe6 phase regions was confirmed by the calculated thermodynamic quantities of AgFeTe2, Ag2FeTe2, and Ag2FeGeTe4 in equilibrium with phases in the adjacent phase regions. Particularly, the calculated Gibbs energies of Ag2FeGeTe4 in two different adjacent 4-phase regions are consistent, which also indicates that it has stoichiometric composition.

scholarly journals Chemical and biochemical thermodynamics reunification (IUPAC Technical Report)

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Sabatini ◽  
Marco Borsari ◽  
Gerard P. Moss ◽  
Stefano Iotti
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Atp Hydrolysis ◽  
Joint Commission ◽  
Chemical Thermodynamics ◽  
Thermodynamic Quantities ◽  
Biochemical Reactions ◽  
Mathematical Transformation ◽  
Biochemical Nomenclature ◽  
Thermodynamic Potentials ◽  
Technical Report

AbstractAccording to the 1994 IUBMB-IUPAC Joint Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature (JCBN) on chemical and biochemical reactions, two categories of thermodynamics, based on different concepts and different formalisms, are established: (i) chemical thermodynamics, which employ conventional thermodynamic potentials to deal with chemical reactions [1], [2], [3]; and (ii) biochemical thermodynamics, which employ transformed thermodynamic quantities to deal with biochemical reactions based on the formalism proposed by Alberty [4], [5], [6], [7]. We showed that the two worlds of chemical and biochemical thermodynamics, which so far have been treated separately, can be reunified within the same thermodynamic framework. The thermodynamics of chemical reactions, in which all species are explicitly considered with their atoms and charge balanced, are compared with the transformed thermodynamics generally used to treat biochemical reactions where atoms and charges are not balanced. The transformed thermodynamic quantities suggested by Alberty are obtained by a mathematical transformation of the usual thermodynamic quantities. The present analysis demonstrates that the transformed values for ΔrG′0 and ΔrH′0 can be obtained directly, without performing any transformation, by simply writing the chemical reactions with all the pseudoisomers explicitly included and the elements and charges balanced. The appropriate procedures for computing the stoichiometric coefficients for the pseudoisomers are fully explained by means of an example calculation for the biochemical ATP hydrolysis reaction. It is concluded that the analysis reunifies the “two separate worlds” of conventional thermodynamics and transformed thermodynamics.

scholarly journals Equilibrium, Thermodynamic, Reuse, and Selectivity Studies for the Bioadsorption of Lanthanum onto Sericin/Alginate/Poly(vinyl alcohol) Particles

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 623
Author(s):  
Talles Barcelos da Costa ◽  
Meuris Gurgel Carlos da Silva ◽  
Melissa Gurgel Adeodato Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Thermodynamic Quantities ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Batch System ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Selectivity Studies ◽  
Amorphous Character

In a scenario of high demand, low availability, and high economic value, the recovery of rare-earth metals from wastewater is economically and environmentally attractive. Bioadsorption is a promising method as it offers simple design and operation. The aim of this study was to investigate lanthanum bioadsorption using a polymeric bioadsorbent of sericin/alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol)-based biocomposite. Batch system assays were performed to evaluate the equilibrium, thermodynamics, regeneration, and selectivity of bioadsorption. The maximum capture amount of lanthanum at equilibrium was 0.644 mmol/g at 328 K. The experimental equilibrium data were better fitted by Langmuir and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms. Ion exchange mechanism between calcium and lanthanum (2:3 ratio) was confirmed by bioadsorption isotherms. Thermodynamic quantities showed that the process of lanthanum bioadsorption was spontaneous (−17.586, −19.244, and −20.902 kJ/mol), endothermic (+15.372 kJ/mol), and governed by entropic changes (+110.543 J/mol·K). The reusability of particles was achieved using 0.1 mol/L HNO3/Ca(NO3)2 solution for up to five regeneration cycles. The bioadsorbent selectivity followed the order of lanthanum > cadmium > zinc > nickel. Additionally, characterization of the biocomposite prior to and post lanthanum bioadsorption showed low porosity (9.95 and 12.35%), low specific surface area (0.054 and 0.019 m2/g), amorphous character, and thermal stability at temperatures up to 473 K. This study shows that sericin/ alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol)-based biocomposites are effective in the removal and recovery of lanthanum from water.

scholarly journals Gluodynamics and deconfinement phase transition under rotation from holography

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Chen ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Danning Li ◽  
Defu Hou ◽  
Mei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Entropy Density ◽  
Thermodynamic Quantities ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Trace Anomaly ◽  
Holographic Qcd ◽  
Deconfinement Phase Transition ◽  
Small Chemical

Abstract We investigate rotating effect on deconfinement phase transition in an Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton (EMD) model in bottom-up holographic QCD approach. By constructing a rotating black hole, which is supposed to be dual to rotating strongly coupled nuclear matter, we investigate the thermodynamic quantities, including entropy density, pressure, energy density, trace anomaly, sound speed and specific heat for both pure gluon system and two-flavor system under rotation. It is shown that those thermodynamic quantities would be enhanced by large angular velocity. Also, we extract the information of phase transition from those thermodynamic quantities, as well as the order parameter of deconfinement phase transition, i.e. the loop operators. It is shown that, in the T − ω plane, for two-flavor case with small chemical potential, the phase transition is always crossover. The transition temperature decreases slowly with angular velocity and chemical potential. For pure gluon system with zero chemical potential, the phase transition is always first order, while at finite chemical potential a critical end point (CEP) will present in the T − ω plane.

scholarly journals Efficient Numerical Evaluation of Thermodynamic Quantities on Infinite (Semi-)classical Chains

2021 ◽  
Vol 182 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian B. Mendl ◽  
Folkmar Bornemann
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Operator ◽  
Classical System ◽  
Free Energy Density ◽  
Classical Particle ◽  
Thermodynamic Quantities ◽  
Nls Equation ◽  
Classical Systems ◽  
Particle Chain ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractThis work presents an efficient numerical method to evaluate the free energy density and associated thermodynamic quantities of (quasi) one-dimensional classical systems, by combining the transfer operator approach with a numerical discretization of integral kernels using quadrature rules. For analytic kernels, the technique exhibits exponential convergence in the number of quadrature points. As demonstration, we apply the method to a classical particle chain, to the semiclassical nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation and to a classical system on a cylindrical lattice. A comparison with molecular dynamics simulations performed for the NLS model shows very good agreement.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document