The modern state of investigations in the field of the creation of enzymes of microbial origin for medicinal purposes

1977 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1326-1334
Author(s):  
A. A. Selezneva ◽  
V. K. Grekova ◽  
B. V. Moskvichev ◽  
A. P. Kashkin ◽  
N. M. Momot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Modern State ◽  
Microbial Origin ◽  
The Creation

CRIMINOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CRIMES AIMED AT DISORGANIZING THE ACTIVITIES OF INSTITUTIONS THAT PROVIDE ISOLATION FROM SOCIETY, AND THOSE WHO ARE CONVICTED OF COMMITTING THEM

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Андрей Владимирович Кулаков ◽  
Ольга Рениславовна Родионова
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Penal System ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Prison Staff ◽  
The Creation

В настоящее время создание безопасных условий исполнения и отбывания уголовного наказания в виде лишения свободы, укрепление защищенности сотрудников пенитенциарных учреждений от возможных угроз и опасных посягательств является одной из актуальных задач, стоящих перед уголовно-исполнительной системой. Данная ситуация сложилась в результате современной государственной политики в сфере противодействия преступности, а именно гуманизации наказания, что привело к изменению количественного и качественного состава осужденных, отбывающих наказание в местах лишения свободы, и осложнило оперативную обстановку. В статье отмечается, что несмотря на незначительное количество действий, дезорганизующих работу исправительного учреждения, в структуре пенитенциарной преступности, данные деликты имеют повышенную общественную опасность, так как совершаются в период отбывания наказания, и высокую латентность в силу как объекта (основного, дополнительного и факультативного), так и способа посягательства. Признавая криминологические данные основой для выработки мер противодействия преступности, в том числе пенитенциарной, авторы исследуют показатели одного из видов преступлений, совершаемых в исправительных колониях, - дезорганизация деятельности учреждений, обеспечивающих изоляцию от общества, а также личность преступника. Проведенное исследование позволило дать криминологическую характеристику преступлений, направленных на дезорганизацию деятельности учреждений, обеспечивающих изоляцию от общества, в частности, исправительных учреждений, а также определить особенности личности осужденных, их совершающих. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы при разработке теории преступного поведения и личности преступника, в частности, пенитенциарного. Currently, the creation of safe conditions for the execution and serving of criminal sentences in the form of deprivation of liberty, strengthening the protection of prison staff from possible threats and dangerous attacks is one of the urgent tasks facing the penal system. This situation has developed as a result of modern state policy in the field of combating crime, namely, the humanization of punishment, which has led to a change in the quantitative and qualitative composition of convicts serving sentences in places of deprivation of liberty, and has complicated the operational situation. The article notes that despite the small number of actions that disorganize the work of a correctional institution, in the structure of penitentiary crime, these torts have an increased public danger, since they are committed during the period of serving a sentence, and high latency due to both the object (both the main and optional) and the method of encroachment. Recognizing criminological data as the basis for developing measures to counteract crime, including penitentiary, the authors study indicators of one of the types of crimes committed in correctional colonies - disorganization of institutions that provide isolation from society, as well as the identity of the criminal. The research made it possible to give criminological characteristics of crimes aimed at disorganizing the activities of institutions that provide isolation from society, in particular correctional institutions, as well as to determine the personality of the convicted person who commits them.The results of the study can be used in the development of a General theory of criminal behavior and the personality of the criminal, and the penitentiary in particular.

1857

2019 ◽  
pp. 20-44
Author(s):  
Margrit Pernau
Keyword(s):  
Moral Duty ◽  
Moral Order ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The Creation

Chapter 2 looks at the Revolt of 1857, known for its violence and the excessive emotions it generated on both sides, such as the massacre of British women and children in Cawnpore, which gave rise to the battle cry ‘for the ladies and the babies!’ At least the British emotions did not fit the narrative of the disciplining project. The endeavor to restore a violated moral order through publicly inflicting gruesome punishments on the bodies of offenders was seen as the response of a pre-modern state, not a modern army. However, in 1857, excessive emotions and the resultant violence were believed to be legitimate and even a moral duty. The chapter investigates three areas: the narrative of trust and its betrayal at the origin of the events; the creation of a violent masculinity expressed through emotional excess; and the mobilization of emotions needed for the continuation of a long-drawn battle.

Divine Action in History

2021 ◽  
pp. 138-153
Author(s):  
William J. Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Jewish People ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Divine Action ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
State Of Israel

This chapter probes the relationship of divine action to historical processes by looking at the creation of the modern state of Israel and its relationship to the Jewish people. The establishment of Israel has been described by many writers as a miracle of God. It argues particularistic claims like these should be taken seriously. It also suggests that these kinds of public claims about divine action are not going away, and we ought to reckon with them; if we do not, it is to our detriment for public understanding. It suggests the crucial link between history and theology is the nature of causation—it draws on Ernst Troeltsch’s work to bring out this point.

The bounds of identity: the Goldsmid mission and the delineation of the Perso–Afghan border in the nineteenth century

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Identity ◽  
International Order ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Boundary Disputes ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Territorial Boundaries ◽  
Political Communities ◽  
Territorial States

AbstractThis article examines boundary disputes between Qajar Persia and the emerging state of Afghanistan in the nineteenth century. It argues that disputes between these two Islamic polities were central to the creation of modern states through the territorialization of political identity, in the form of border delineation. The demarcation of territorial boundaries represented the ‘indigenization’ of Western norms of statehood. Indigenous political actors increasingly understood and envisaged their political communities in terms of territorial states, reinterpreting and redeploying European political concepts in indigenous spaces. The Perso-Afghan case exemplifies the assimilation of ideas of political territoriality, central to the construction of a modern state-based international order, in Muslim regions outside direct colonial control.

scholarly journals Higschool for the elite goiana: Lyceu de Goyaz 1906-1914/ O Ensino Secundário para as elites goianas: Lyceu de Goyaz 1906-1914 (Bilingual Edition)

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Fernanda Barros ◽  
Carlos Henrique De Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Educational Legislation ◽  
Normal Schools ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Moment ◽  
Education In Brazil

Este artigo pretende apresentar considerações sobre o ensino secundário no Lyceu de Goyaz, no período de 1906 a 1914. Nossa análise ancorou-se na legislação educacional do Império e da República. Num primeiro momento abordamos a gênese do ensino secundário no Brasil, compreendendo os anos após a independência do país, quando busca-se consolidar o Estado Moderno Brasileiro. Já no instante posterior tem-se a criação de várias escolas normais, principalmente entre 1871 e 1884. Mas é no cenário da República que se insere o Lyceu de Goyaz, com a permissão da equiparação ao Collegio de Pedro II, já no contexto da Reforma Epitácio Pessoa, pelo Decreto n. 3.890 de 01/01/1901. Neste contexto, objetivamos, dessa forma, compreender alguns aspetos que nortearam a ação educativa do Lyceu de Goyaz, dirigida à formação das elites goianas no período em tela.Palavras-chave: Ensino Secundário. Elites. Lyceu. Lyceu de Goyaz. AbstractThis article intends to present considerations about secondary education in the Lyceu de Goyaz, from 1906 to 1914. Our analysis was anchored in the educational legislation of the Empire and of the Republic. In a first moment we approach the genesis of secondary education in Brazil, including the years after the country's independence, when it seeks to consolidate the Brazilian Modern State. Already in the later instant we have the creation of several normal schools, mainly between 1871 and 1884. But it is in the scenario of the Republic that the Lyceu de Goyaz is inserted, with the permission of the collation of Pedro II, already in the context of the Reformation Epitácio Pessoa, by Decree n. 3,890 dated 01/01/1901. In this context, we aim to understand some aspects that guided the educational action of the Lyceu de Goyaz, directed to the formation of the Goiania elites in the period in question.Keywords: Secondary education. Elites. Lyceu. Lyceu de Goyaz.ResumenEste artículo tiene como objetivo presentar consideraciones sobre la enseñanza secundaria en el Liceo de Goyaz, desde 1906 hasta 1914. Nuestro análisis está anclado en la legislación educativa del Imperio y de la República. En un primer momento nos dirigimos a la génesis de la enseñanza secundaria en Brasil que comprende los años después de la independencia del país, cuando se trata de consolidar el Estado moderno brasileño. Ya en el momento posterior ha sido la creación de varias Escuelas para formación de maestros, especialmente entre el 1871 y el 1884. Pero es en el escenario de la República que se inserta el Liceo de Goyaz, con el permiso de la asimilación al Colegio de Pedro II, ya en el contexto de la Reforma Epitácio Pessoa, por el Decreto n. 3.890 de 01/01/1901. En este contexto, nuestro objetivo, por lo tanto, es comprender algunos aspectos que han guiado la acción educativa del Liceo de Goyaz, destinado a la formación de las élites de Goyaz, en el periodo señalado en el título deste resumen.Palabras-clave: Enseñanza secundaria. Élites. Liceo. Liceo de Goyaz

Structural Vulnerabilities of the Transnational Sphere

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-63
Author(s):  
Jonathan White
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Action Coordination ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Institutional Field ◽  
The 1950S

Since its origins in the 1950s, European integration has entailed the creation of institutions whose rationale is to advance and maintain certain policy ends, notably the ‘four freedoms’ of the common market. As this chapter argues, the effect is that policy commitments have tended to be privileged over procedural arrangements. Rather than self-standing entities that can be put to different ends, broadly on the model of the modern state, one sees institutions evolving with the policies, and liable to be side-stepped should they fail to serve those ends. A non-hierarchical constitutional structure does little to inhibit these restructurings, indeed arguably gives further encouragement. The ideas and practices of emergency become ways to galvanize action, coordination, and innovation across a diverse and potentially recalcitrant institutional field.

Religion, Privacy and the Rise of the Modern State

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Führding
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
State Formation ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Unique Type ◽  
Public Religion ◽  
Binary Oppositions ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Role Of Religion

Abstract This article discusses the role of the category Religion in the modern state formation. The liberal private/public religion/state rhetoric plays a central part in the “rise” of the modern state. The binary oppositions of this rhetoric are crucial to the creation of a very unique type of society, which serves as the basis for the formation of the modern state. With reference to Russell McCutcheon, this essay examines this process, drawing on examples from early modern political philosophy (e.g., Locke, Hobbes, Rousseau), before explicitly tackling the question of the role of religion by addressing two German (Fischer and Böckenförde) authors in particular.

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