Selection of operating parameters and geometry for liquid-gas injector

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 834-838
Author(s):  
B. N. Basargin ◽  
N. I. Gel'perin ◽  
B. S. Ossovskii ◽  
G. A. Kuzyanov ◽  
A. A. Baraev
Author(s):  
P.J. Killingworth ◽  
M. Warren

Ultimate resolution in the scanning electron microscope is determined not only by the diameter of the incident electron beam, but by interaction of that beam with the specimen material. Generally, while minimum beam diameter diminishes with increasing voltage, due to the reduced effect of aberration component and magnetic interference, the excited volume within the sample increases with electron energy. Thus, for any given material and imaging signal, there is an optimum volt age to achieve best resolution.In the case of organic materials, which are in general of low density and electric ally non-conducting; and may in addition be susceptible to radiation and heat damage, the selection of correct operating parameters is extremely critical and is achiev ed by interative adjustment.


2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosław Szala ◽  
Daniel Łukasik

Cavitation is a common phenomenon in pump systems, negatively influencing their operating parameters and components such as impellers and, thus, causing considerable financial losses. This paper explains the problem of cavitation and cavitation erosion. The causes of cavitation in pump systems are analyzed. A selection of centrifugal pump impellers damaged by cavitation erosion are presented and examined. The authors also discuss ways of preventing cavitation and cavitation erosion in pump systems. Finally, relevant conclusions are drawn.


2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (4S) ◽  
pp. 100-104
Author(s):  
Elena V YAKOVLEVA

The article shows the comparative analysis of the application of sludge hydroaluminatof sodium and famous coagulants for purifi cation of chemical contaminated wastewater, trial coagulating chemical contaminated wastewater plant Rostselmash, comparative selection of the type coagulant ranking on equivalent per cent of operating parameters, according to the Kamps criterionchecking hydrodynamic and structural parameters of the cameras fl occulation with the paddle mixers required.


Author(s):  
Alan Sandborg

Introduction:EDS analysis of samples in a SEM or TEM is usually portrayed as a very simple process; just image your specimen, turn on the x-ray analyzer and all will be revealed about the chemistry of your sample. Unfortunately, that approach can be very misleading at best, and disastrous at worst. The analyst should get used to preparing himself for EDS x-ray analysis just like he or she does for any other process. A set of preparation steps should be followed until they become an unconscious method to be used before accepting the information coming from the EDS x-ray spectrum. After proper basic preparation, interpretation of the results and the selection of operating parameters is still very important due to the detailed nature of the specimen.Preparation:The most basic need is for the EDS system to be calibrated. This can be a difficult or simple task depending on the age of the system. Next, the basic geometry of the beam, sample and EDS detector needs to be considered. Before starting to analyze a specimen, the operator has probably put a good deal of effort into obtaining an optimum image. But the optimum parameters for imaging and x-ray analysis are rarely the same.


Author(s):  
Evariste F. Osten

Statistical analyses are routinely applied to microscope data from micrographs (measurements, shape factors) and, using electron microscopes, from x-ray microanalytical systems (net counts, peak ratios). However selection of a field of view which is recorded on a micrograph and implied to be a representative image of the bulk of the sample (at that magnification) is done intuitively. Experienced microscopists do consider a number of factors in selecting and preparing a sample and then choose from many instrument operating parameters before they view the sample. At this point assuming that the best microscopy practice has been exercised there is still the problem of a great number of fields of view to select from. High magnifications exacerbate this selection problem: in an Ultra High Resolution Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope sharp images of routine samples are easily obtained at magnifications of X100,000 - at this magnification, even with a small sample size (4mm × 7mm), there are 28 million mutually exclusive fields of view.


2012 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 1781-1785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. Compton ◽  
Joseph V. Strukl ◽  
Dina L. Bai ◽  
Jeffrey Shabanowitz ◽  
Donald F. Hunt

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