A significant pool of amino acids is adsorbed on blood cell membranes

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Picó ◽  
A. Pons ◽  
A. Palou
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Cell Membranes ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
High Adsorption ◽  
Polar Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Group

It is well known that the amino acids in the blood are distributed between the plasma and inside the cells. This study was conducted to determine whether amino acids can be located adsorbed on blood cell membranes. The amino acid concentration in the deproteinized haemolysed blood was higher than that in the fraction of blood after removal of the blood cell membranes by centrifugation. These results showed that a pool of amino acids representing 21.1% of the whole blood cell amino acids was adsorbed on the blood cell membranes of adult Wistar rats. The non-polar amino acids showed high adsorption on the membrane, whereas out of the polar amino acid group, only the non-ionic amino acids did adsorb.

Augmented Thermic Effect of Amino Acids under General Anaesthesia Occurs Predominantly in Extra-Splanchnic Tissues

1996 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Selldén ◽  
Robert Bränstróam ◽  
Tomas Brundin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Heat Content ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Amino Acid Group ◽  
Initial Reduction ◽  
Splanchnic Oxygen ◽  
Body Heat

1. Intravenous infusion of amino acid mixtures stimulates human oxidative heat production more effectively under general anaesthesia than in the unanaesthetized state. To analyse the splanchnic and extra-splanchnic regional distribution of this stimulation, whole body and splanchnic oxygen uptake, blood flow and blood temperatures were measured by a catheterization technique in 14 patients undergoing isoflurane anaesthesia for abdominal surgery. During the anaesthesia period, a mixture of 19 amino acids (240 kJ/h) was infused intravenously into seven of the patients while the others served as controls, receiving isovolumic infusions of a nutrient-free saline solution. 2. Whole body oxygen consumption fell by ≈ 40% during anaesthesia and surgery in the controls. Approximately 80–95% of the reduction occurred in the extra-splanchnic tissues. The splanchnic oxygen uptake fell by 31 ± 6% in the controls during the initial phase of anaesthesia, after which it returned to the pre-anaesthesia level. The initial reduction of the controls' splanchnic oxygen consumption accounted for only ≈23% of the simultaneous anaesthesia-induced reduction in pulmonary oxygen uptake. No initial reduction of the splanchnic oxygen uptake was observed in the patients treated with amino acid. 3. The amino acid infusion stimulated the whole body oxidative heat production by ≈18 W during anaesthesia and surgery and by ≈70 W at the emergence from anaesthesia. Approximately 74% of the stimulation occurred in the extra-splanchnic tissues. At awakening, the splanchnic oxygen uptake rose to ≈64% above the pre-anaesthesia level in the amino acid group. 4. During the entire period of anaesthesia, the whole body heat content fell by 282 ± 68 kJ in the controls and by 57 ± 25 kJ in the amino acid group. Amino acid treatment thus prevented ≈80% of the anaesthesia-induced reduction in whole body heat content. 5. During anaesthesia and surgery, cardiac output was ≈25% and ≈6% below the baseline, pre-anaesthesia levels in the control and amino acid groups, respectively. At awakening, it rose to ≈44% above baseline in the amino acid group while in the controls it remained unchanged. In both groups the splanchnic blood flow was unaffected by anaesthesia or by amino acid infusions.

Some Observations On Platelet Amino Acid Transport Systems

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
U T Yardimci ◽  
A Özbilen ◽  
O N Ulutin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Active Transport ◽  
Amino Acid Transport ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Acid Transport ◽  
Amino Acid Group ◽  
Active Transport System ◽  
Group Transport

We have studied the transport systems for amino acids in platelets. Na+/K+ dependent active transport systems were found to be responsible for the transport of amino acids through the platelet membrane (Km’s being at uM ranges). We have also isolated the binding proteins for amino acids from platelet membranes as the carriers involved in these active transport systems by cold osmotic shock procedure. Each amino acid besides being transported by a specific active transport system may be subject to transport by group amino acid transport systems.Group amino acid transport systems are classified by countertransport experiments as follows: Neutral amino acid group transport systems: IA: glycine, alanine, serine, threonine IB: valine, leucine, isoleucine, serine,threonine IC: cysteine, methionine, proline Basic amino acid group transport systems: lie: lysine IIB: histidine, arginine Acidic amino acid group transport systems: III A: Aspartic acid, glutamic acid Aromatic amino acid group transport systems: IVC: Phenylalanine,tyrosine, histidine, proline.

QUALITATIVE STUDIES OF SOIL MICRO-ORGANISMS: VII. THE 'RHIZOSPHERE EFFECT' IN RELATION TO THE AMINO ACID NUTRITION OF BACTERIA

1947 ◽  
Vol 25c (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Lochhead ◽  
R. H. Thexton
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Rhizosphere Effect ◽  
Amino Acid Group ◽  
Rhizosphere Effects ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Stimulation Of

Comparative studies of the relative incidence of bacteria of different nutritional requirements in soil indicate that one of the most characteristic rhizosphere effects is the preferential stimulation of bacteria requiring amino acids for maximum growth. Organisms for which amino acids are either essential or stimulative were proportionately increased in the rhizosphere. No similar effect was noted with respect to bacteria responding to growth factors.The findings suggest, by indirect evidence, that the effect is to be ascribed to the excretion of amino acids by the growing plant. However, though this may be the chief factor, the preferential stimulation of the amino acid group of bacteria may be related to associative and antibiotic effects exerted by other bacteria, stimulated in the rhizosphere, observed to have different degrees of compatibility towards those responding respectively to amino acids and growth factors.

Stability Constants of Some Metal Complexes Formed by Mimosine and Related Compounds

1979 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Stunzi ◽  
DD Perrin ◽  
T Teitei ◽  
RLN Harris
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Stability Constants ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Amino Acid Group ◽  
Dimeric Complexes ◽  
Major Species ◽  
Active Amino Acid ◽  
Related Compounds

Complex formation of the biologically active amino acid L-mimosine [α-amino-β-(3-hydroxy-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyridin-1-yl)propanoic acid (1)], mimosinic acid (2), mimosine methyl ether (9) and 3-hydroxy-1-methylpyridin-4(1H)-one (4) with Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ was studied. Stability constants were determined by potentiometric titration in 0.15M KNOB3 as inert electrolyte at 37�. In the monomeric complexes formed by the mimosine derivatives, metal binding by the hydroxypyridone moiety was favoured relative to the amino acid group. With mimosine, dimeric complexes were major species. Under physiological conditions, mimosine binds copper and zinc ions more strongly than do simpler amino acids.

scholarly journals Reversible Oxygenation ofα-Amino Acid–Cobalt(II) Complexes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xincun Zhang ◽  
Fan Yue ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Yan Huang ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Oxygen Electrode ◽  
Oxygen Carriers ◽  
Amino Acid Group ◽  
Specific Configuration ◽  
Reversible Formation ◽  
Hydroxy Groups ◽  
The Relationship

We systematically investigated the reversibility, time lapse, and oxygenation-deoxygenation properties of 15 naturalα-amino acid–Co(II) complexes through UV-vis spectrophotometer, polarographic oxygen electrode, and DFT calculations, respectively, to explore the relationship between the coordinating structure and reversible oxygenation ofα-amino acid–Co(II) complexes. Results revealed that theα-amino acid structure plays a key role in the reversible oxygenation properties of these complexes. The specific configuration of theα-amino acid group affects theeg1electron of Co(II) transfer to theπ⁎orbit of O2; this phenomenon also favors the reversible formation and dissociation of Co–O2bond when O2coordinates with Co(II) complexes. Therefore, the co-coordination of amino and carboxyl groups is a determinant of Co complexes to absorb O2reversibly. The group adjacent to theα-amino acid unit evidently influences the dioxygen affinity and antioxidation ability of the complexes. The presence of amino (or imino) and hydroxy groups adjacent to theα-amino acid group increases the oxygenation-deoxygenation rate and the number of reversible cycles. Our findings demonstrate a new mechanism to develop reversible oxygenation complexes and to reveal the oxygenation of oxygen carriers.

scholarly journals Low-arginine and low-protein diets induce hepatic lipid accumulation through different mechanisms in growing rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lila Otani ◽  
Hiroki Nishi ◽  
Ayaka Koyama ◽  
Yuta Akasaka ◽  
Yusuke Taguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
De Novo Lipogenesis ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Group ◽  
Acid Diet ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Diet

Abstract Background Dietary protein deficiency and amino acid uimbalance cause hepatic fat accumulation. We previously demonstrated that only arginine deficiency as well as total amino acid deficiency in a diet caused significant hepatic triglyceride (TG) accumulation in young Wistar rats. In this study, we explored the mechanisms of this fatty liver formation using these two models. Methods A low-total-amino acid diet (equivalent to 5% protein) and a low-arginine diet (solely the arginine content alone is as low as the low-total-amino acid diet) to the rats for 2 weeks. Results There was substantially greater hepatic TG accumulation in the low-arginine group than in the low-total-amino acid group. The low-total-amino-acid diet potentiated insulin signals in the liver and enhanced de novo lipogenesis. By contrast, the low-arginine diet inhibited hepatic very-low-density lipoprotein secretion, without affecting hepatic insulin signaling and lipogenesis. Conclusions We conclude that, although the arginine intake of the low-arginine group was as low as that of the low-total-amino-acid group, these two diets developed a fatty liver via completely different mechanisms. The potentiation of insulin signaling and resultant increases in fatty acid synthesis seem to drive the effects of a low-protein diet, whereas lower VLDL secretion may be the main causes of low-arginine diet-induced TG accumulation in the liver.

scholarly journals Study of antioxidant, anticoagulation and antiaggregational activity in vitro of a number of aliphatic and aromatic amino acid salts

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Natalia A. Bondareva ◽  
◽  
Peotr P. Purygin ◽  
Yury P. Zarubin ◽  
Alexandr V. Samorodov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Hydrocarbon Chain ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Amino Acid Salts ◽  
Acid Salts

Among the nitrogen-containing organic substances there are compounds with a dual function. Particularly important are amino acids. Strictly speaking, amino acids make up only one of the many families of organic compounds. Any organic molecule having at least one amino and one acid group may be assigned to this family. This generally means any hydrocarbon chain that may be branched, with or without other functional groups, aromatic rings, or any other organic structure. Therefore, it becomes clear that the number of amino acids that can be imagined is infinite. Today in Russia there is an urgent need to develop new and effective drugs for the treatment of various diseases. This important task involves organizing the production of new competitive domestic medicines on the market, the development of which is carried out on the basis of the results of fundamental scientific research in the field of organic synthesis. In this regard, derivatives and salts of amino acids are of great interest, due to their high reactivity and wide use in medical practice. We have studied the effect on the hemostasis system of derivatives based on amino acid salts, which is currently a key task of organic, bioorganic and medicinal chemistry. Consideration of the scientific literature on this topic showed the saturation and increasing interest in the influence of amino acid compounds throughout the world. The synthesis of amino acid salts and the study of their effect on the blood curability system was carried out, optimal synthesis methods for an organic compound were developed. Preliminary in vitro preclinical studies of the obtained compounds were carried out in order to find out the prospects for their further use.

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