Diabetes is not associated with a change in the elemental composition of the pancreatic B cell in diabetic C57BL KsJ-db/db mice

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Juntti-Berggren ◽  
Ulf Lindh ◽  
Per-Olof Berggren ◽  
Ove Berglund ◽  
Barbara J. Frankel
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Exocrine Pancreas ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Proton Bombardment ◽  
Pancreatic B Cell ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Onset Of Diabetes

Freeze-dried pancreas sections from 7-, 17-and 27-week-old genetically diabetic (db/db) and normal (±/±) mice were subjected to proton bombardment and the concentrations of 15 elements in B cells and exocrine pancreas were calculated from the characteristic X-rays emitted. In the 7-week-old diabetic animals, B cells contained significantly above-normal levels of Na and S, while exocrine pancreas contained subnormal levels of Ca, and excess Mn. The B cells from the 17-week-old diabetic animals contained subnormal levels of Cu and the exocrine pancreas of the 27-week-old diabetic animals was deficient in Cd. The 7-, 17- and 27-week-old, genetically diabetic (db/db) mice were hyperglycemic, hyperinsulinemic and heavier than age-matched normal (±/±) mice. Although significant changes were found in elemental composition when comparing both B cells and exocrine pancreas at different ages, the changes were not consistent. Therefore, it appears as if the measured elemental changes were random and not related to the onset of diabetes.

Proton microprobe analysis of 15 elements in pancreatic B cells and exocrine pancreas in diabetic Chinese hamsters

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Juntti-Berggren ◽  
Ulf Lindh ◽  
Per-Olof Berggren ◽  
Barbara J. Frankel
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Exocrine Pancreas ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Chinese Hamsters ◽  
High K ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Diabetic Chinese Hamsters ◽  
Pancreatic B Cells

Diabetes mellitus spontaneously develops in certain sublines of non-obese Chinese hamsters, and the diabetic L-subline is known for subnormal pancreatic insulin release in vitro. The cause of the secretory defect is unknown. Freeze-dried pancreas sections from genetically diabetic Chinese hamsters and normal controls were subjected to proton bombardment and the concentration of 15 elements in B cells and acini was calculated from the X-rays emitted. Diabetic B cells contained significantly less Al (−61%) and significantly more Cu (+92 %), Mg (+6 %) and Rb (+13 %) than their normal counterparts. The diabetic acini showed similar, significant changes. The molar ratio between K and Na was about 10 in endocrine as well as exocrine pancreas from both groups of animals, implying that neither sample preparation nor irradiation had induced significant diffusive changes. In conclusion, the high K/Na ratio suggests that the diabetic B cell has a well-functioning Na+/K+ pump. However, significant and parallel changes in Al-, Cu-, Mg- and Rb-levels were found in both the B cells and acinar portion of the diabetic pancreas. It is not clear whether these elemental changes cause the islet secretory defect or result from it.

Glucokinase in pancreatic B-cells and its inhibition by alloxan

1987 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigurd Lenzen ◽  
Markus Tiedge ◽  
Uwe Panten
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Metabolic Flux ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Pancreatic B Cell ◽  
High K ◽  
Pancreatic B Cells ◽  
Low K

Abstract. Characterization of glucokinase in pancreatic B-cells from ob/ob mice and from rat liver revealed identical characteristics. A narrow substrate specificity; high Km values for the two substrates, D-glucose and D-mannose, in the range of 10 and 20 mmol/l, respectively; higher Vmax values for D-glucose than for D-mannose; inhibition of glucokinase activities by D-mannoheptulose and by a specific glucokinase antibody. These characteristics distinguish glucokinase in soluble cytoplasmic fractions of pancreatic B-cells and liver from low Km hexokinases. Alloxan is a pancreatic B-cell cytotoxic agent, which has been widely used as a tool for the elucidation of the mechanisms of insulin secretion, because its inhibitory action on insulin secretion has been presumed to be intimately related to the mechanism of glucose-induced insulin secretion. Alloxan inhibited glucokinase but not hexokinase activity in cytoplasmic fractions of pancreatic B-cells and liver. The half maximal inhibitory concentration of alloxan was 5 μmol/l. Glucokinase activity was protected from alloxan toxicity only by D-glucose and D-mannose; the α anomer of D-glucose provided significantly greater protection than the β anomer. The non-metabolizable sugar 3-0-methyl-D-glucose did not provide protection of glucokinase activity against inhibition by alloxan. Thus, inhibition of pancreatic B-cell glucokinase may contribute to the inhibition of glucose-induced insulin secretion by alloxan. These results support the contention that glucokinase regulates the metabolic flux rate through the glycolytic chain in the pancreatic B-cell and thereby generates the signal for glucose-induced insulin secretion.

scholarly journals Interleukin 7-dependent B lymphocyte precursor cells are ultrasensitive to apoptosis.

1994 ◽  
Vol 179 (6) ◽  
pp. 1789-1797 ◽  
Author(s):  
S D Griffiths ◽  
D T Goodhead ◽  
S J Marsden ◽  
E G Wright ◽  
S Krajewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Alpha Particles ◽  
Differential Sensitivity ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Interleukin 7 ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
B Cell Precursors

We have compared the sensitivity of clonogenic interleukin 7 (IL-7)-dependent murine B cell precursors with that of clonogenic mature B cells and myeloid precursors to alpha-particles from plutonium-238 and X radiation. All three populations are relatively sensitive, but B cell precursors are ultrasensitive. This differential sensitivity is also observed with corticosteroid, etoposide, and cisplatin, all apoptosis-inducing drugs used in the treatment of leukemia and other cancers. Further, we show that x-rays and drugs induce the bulk of the B cell precursor population to undergo rapid apoptosis, despite the continued presence of IL-7. B cell precursors were found to express very low levels of BCL-2 protein compared with mature splenic B cells and their resistance to x-rays and corticosteroid could be enhanced by expression of a BCL-2 transgene. These data have important implications for normal lymphopoiesis and for the behavior of leukemic lymphoid precursor cells.

scholarly journals Analysis of the heterogeneity of the BCR H-CDR3 repertoire in the bone marrow and spleen of 3-, 12-, and 20-month old mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Ma ◽  
Xinxin Tao ◽  
Xiaoyan He ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Long Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Memory B Cells ◽  
Aged Mice ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Repertoire Diversity ◽  
Old Mice ◽  
Peripheral B Cells

AbstractThe number of central and peripheral B cells and their responsiveness are decreased in aged mice. The diversity of mice central and peripheral B cell repertoires with increasing age has not been elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that there were significant differences in the usage of some V, D, and J genes in the BCR H-CDR3 repertoire of bone marrow B cells, spleen B cells and spleen memory B cells in 3-, 12-, and 20-month-old mice. In the productive, pseudogene, and out-of-frame sequences, bone marrow B cells had significant differences in 5′J trimming with age; peripheral spleen B cells and memory B cells had significant differences in N1 insertion, N2 insertion, P5’D insertion, and 5’D trimming with age. The BCR H-CDR3 repertoire diversity of mice bone marrow B cells, spleen B cells and spleen memory B cells decreased with increasing age. The proportion of overlap in bone marrow and spleen B cells, but not spleen memory B cells, of mice at different ages was lower at 3 months than at 12 and 20 months. This study is the first to report the homogeneity and heterogeneity of the CDR3 repertoire of central and peripheral B cells change as mice age, to further investigation of the decline and response of B cell immunity in young/middle/old-aged mice.

scholarly journals Variation of B cell subsets with age in healthy Malawians

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254320
Author(s):  
Wilson L. Mandala ◽  
Herbert Longwe
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Memory B Cells ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
B Cell Subsets

Although a number of previous studies have shown that different lymphocyte subsets, including B cells, vary with age, how different B cell subsets vary with age in Malawian population has not been shown before. We recruited Malawian participants of different ages and analyzed their venous blood samples for different B cell subsets. We found that both percentage and absolute counts of B cells varied with age peaking in the 7 to 12 months age group. Proportion of naïve B cells was highest in neonates and decreased with age whereas the percentage of memory B cells was lowest in neonates and increased with age. When we zeroed in on the age band within which the proportion of B cells was highest, both classical and activated memory B cells increased with age and the naïve followed the opposite trend. These results provide additional knowledge in our understanding of the dynamics of B cell subsets in individuals of a specific ethnicity as they age.

Elemental Composition in the Pancreatic B Cell Is Normal in the Prediabetic Chinese Hamster

Pancreas ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Juntti-Berggren ◽  
Ulf Lindh ◽  
Per-Olof Berggren ◽  
Barbara J. Frankel
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Pancreatic B Cell

scholarly journals Analysis of the heterogeneity of the BCR H-CDR3 repertoire in the bone marrow and spleen of 3-,12-,and20-month old mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Ma ◽  
Xinsheng Yao
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Memory B Cells ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Aged Mice ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Old Mice ◽  
Peripheral B Cells

Abstract The number of central and peripheral B cells and their responsiveness are decreased in agedmice. The diversity of mouse central and peripheral B cell repertoires with increasing age has notbeen elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that there were significant differences in theusage of some V, D, and J genes in the BCR H-CDR3 repertoire of bone marrow B cells, spleen Bcells and spleen memory B cells in 3-, 12-, and 20-month-old mice. In the productive, pseudogene,and out-of-frame sequences, bone marrow B cells had significant differences in 5′J trimmingwith age; peripheral spleen B cells and memory B cells had significant differences in N1 insertion,N2 insertion, P5'D insertion, and 5'D trimming with age. The BCR H-CDR3 repertoire diversityof mouse bone marrow B cells, spleen B cells and spleen memory B cells decreased withincreasing age. The proportion of overlap in bone marrow and spleen B cells, but not spleenmemory B cells, of mice at different ages was lower at 3 months than at 12 and 20 months.Thisstudy is the first to report the homogeneity and heterogeneity of the CDR3 repertoire of centraland peripheral B cells change as mice age , to further investigation of the decline and response ofB cell immunity in young/middle/old-aged mice.

Plasmalemma localisation of inorganic phosphate in B cells pancreas

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 528-529
Author(s):  
F. B. P. Wooding ◽  
K. Pedley ◽  
N. Freinkel ◽  
R. M. C. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Slight Modification ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Lead Phosphate

Freinkel et al (1974) demonstrated that isolated perifused rat pancreatic islets reproduceably release up to 50% of their total inorganic phosphate when the concentration of glucose in the perifusion medium is raised.Using a slight modification of the Libanati and Tandler (1969) method for localising inorganic phosphate by fixation-precipitation with glutaraldehyde-lead acetate we can demonstrate there is a significant deposition of lead phosphate (identified by energy dispersive electron microscope microanalysis) at or on the plasmalemma of the B cell of the islets (Fig 1, 3). Islets after incubation in high glucose show very little precipitate at this or any other site (Fig 2). At higher magnification the precipitate seems to be intracellular (Fig 4) but since any use of osmium or uranyl acetate to increase membrane contrast removes the precipitate of lead phosphate it has not been possible to verify this as yet.

Lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD) involving lungs: T and B cell subsets within pulmonary infiltrates and in peripheral blood

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 700-701
Author(s):  
Irene Stachura ◽  
Milton H. Dalbow ◽  
Michael J. Niemiec ◽  
Matias Pardo ◽  
Gurmukh Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorders ◽  
Mixed Population ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
Pulmonary Infiltrates ◽  
B Cell Subsets

Lymphoid cells were analyzed within pulmonary infiltrates of six patients with lymphoproliferative disorders involving lungs by immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase techniques utilizing monoclonal antibodies to cell surface antigens T11 (total T), T4 (inducer/helper T), T8 (cytotoxic/suppressor T) and B1 (B cells) and the antisera against heavy (G,A,M) and light (kappa, lambda) immunoglobulin chains. Three patients had pseudolymphoma, two patients had lymphoma and one patient had lymphomatoid granulomatosis.A mixed population of cells was present in tissue infiltrates from the three patients with pseudolymphoma, IgM-kappa producing cells constituted the main B cell type in one patient. In two patients with lymphoma pattern the infiltrates were composed exclusively of T4+ cells and IgG-lambda B cells predominated slightly in the patient with lymphomatoid granulomatosis.

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