Immunoperoxidase localization of type X collagen in chick tibiae

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvin P. L. Kwan ◽  
Anthony J. Freemont ◽  
Michael E. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Superficial Layer ◽  
Embryonic Chick ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Type X Collagen ◽  
Cartilage Growth ◽  
Proliferative Zone ◽  
Calcified Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Growth Plate

Type X collagen was prepared from medium of long-term cultures of embryonic chick tibiotarsal chondrocytes. Antibodies to type X collagen were raised and used in immunoperoxidase localization studies with embryonic and growing chick tibiotarsus. Strong anti-type X collagen reactivity was detected mainly in the region of hypertrophic chondrocytes, and to a lesser extent in the zone of calcified cartilage. No reactivity was detected in the proliferative zone nor the superficial layer of the cartilage growth plate. These results suggest that type X collagen may play a key role in matrix calcification during growth and development of the skeletal system.

Type X Collagen Degradation in Long-Term Serum-Free Culture of the Embryonic Chick Tibia Following Production of Active Collagenase and Gelatinase

1993 ◽  
Vol 159 (2) ◽  
pp. 528-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada A. Cole ◽  
Tahira Boyd ◽  
Lawrence Luchene ◽  
Klaus E. Kuettner ◽  
Thomas M. Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Collagen Degradation ◽  
Embryonic Chick ◽  
Type X Collagen ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Active Collagenase ◽  
Chick Tibia

Influence of Permeability on the Compressive Property of Articular Cartilage: A Scaffold-Free, Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Cartilage Repair

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoya Susa ◽  
Ryosuke Nansai ◽  
Norimasa Nakamura ◽  
Hiromichi Fujie
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Superficial Layer ◽  
Cell Delivery ◽  
Compressive Property ◽  
Chondral Defect ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Normal Cartilage ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Immunological Effects

Since the healing capacity of articular cartilage is limited, it is important to develop cell-based therapies for the repair of cartilage. Although synthetic or animal-derived scaffolds are frequently used for effective cell delivery long-term safety and efficiency of such scaffolds still remain unclear. We have been studying on a scaffold-free tissue engineered construct (TEC) bio-synthesized from synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) [1]. As the TEC specimen is composed of cells with their native extracellular matrix, we believe that it is free from concern regarding long term immunological effects. our previous studies indicated that a porcine partial thickness chondral defect was successfully repaired with TEC but that the compressive property of the TEC-treated cartilage-like repaired tissue was different from normal cartilage in both immature and mature animals. Imura et al. found that the permeability of the immature porcine cartilage-like tissues repaired with TEC recovered to normal level for 6 months except the superficial layer [2]. Therefore, the present study was performed to determine the depth-dependent permeability of mature porcine cartilage-like tissue repaired with TEC. Moreover, we investigated the effect of difference of permeability on the compressive property of articular cartilage using a finite element analysis (FEM).

Iron and copper, and their interactions during development

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1258-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine Gambling ◽  
Henriette S. Andersen ◽  
Harry J. McArdle
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Intracellular Transport ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Dietary Iron ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Pregnant State

During development, the fetus is entirely dependent on the mother for its nutrient requirements. Subsequently, it is a period when both are vulnerable to changes in dietary supply, especially of those nutrients that are marginal under normal circumstances. In developed countries, this applies mainly to micronutrients. Even now, iron deficiency is a common disorder, especially in pregnancy. Similarly, copper intake in the U.K. population is rarely above adequate levels. It is now becoming clear that nutrient deficiencies during pregnancy can result in problems for the offspring, in both the short- and long-term. Early studies showed that lambs born to mothers on copper-deficient pastures developed ‘swayback’, with neurological and muscular symptoms that could not be reversed by postnatal supplementation. Our own findings have shown that prenatal iron deficiency results in increased postnatal blood pressure, even though the offspring have normal dietary iron levels from birth. These observations emphasize the importance of iron and copper in growth and development. Complicating the situation further is the fact that copper and iron are known to interact with each other in many ways, including absorption and intracellular transport. However, their interactions during the pregnancy appear to be more complex than during the non-pregnant state. In the present review, we examine the importance of these metals and their interactions, the consequences, both short- and long-term, of deficiency and consider some possible mechanisms whereby these effects may be generated.

scholarly journals Introduction of sorts of Clematis L. genus in the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of UFRC RAS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Roza A. Bilalova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Resistance ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Vegetative Reproduction ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Seasonal Rhythm ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Biological Features

The article presents the results of a long-term of study of biological features of 54 sorts of Clematis L. genus of collection of the SouthUral Botanical Garden-Institute of UFRC RAS. The aim of the work was to summarize the introduction studies for the possibility of successful use of clematis sorts in vertical gardening in the Bashkir Cis-Urals and adjacent territories. During the period 2007 and 2015, the seasonal rhythm of growth and development and vegetative reproduction were studied, and the prospects of introduction and introduction resistance under the culture were assessed. The length of the clematis growing period varies from 156 to 168 days. The duration of flowering of sorts is 24–111 days. Rooting of clematis sorts using root-forming stimulators is 33 to 100%. The largest number of rooted cuttings was obtained using the preparation “Circon”. According to the results of the introduction success assessment, all the studied sorts have high resistance to local climatic conditions.

Rules and Regulations

2001 ◽  
Vol 05 (11) ◽  
pp. 210-213
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Bird Flu ◽  
Drug Prices ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Organic Produce

India's New Policies Aimed at Biotech Growth and Development. China Encourages Private Funds for Chain Drugstores. Early Publicity of Drug Prices Required in China. Long-term, Effective and Thorough Solution to HK's Bird Flu Problem. Taiwan Government Pledges to Invest US$1.58 Billion in Biotech over Five Years. Setting Standards for New Zealand's Organic Produce. Korea to Issue Guidelines for GM Agricultural Products.

Cigarette Smoking and the Fetus and Child

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 772-772
Author(s):  
Henry G. Dunn ◽  
Annetta K. McBurney
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Maternal Smoking ◽  
Intellectual Development ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Long Term Effects

The authoritative statement on the "Effects of Cigarette-Smoking on the Fetus and Child" (Pediatrics 57:411, March 1976) is an excellent summary but necessarily brief. With respect to the later growth and development of the children, the statement quotes only one study, which demonstrated no long-term effects of maternal smoking on physical growth and intellectual development through the first seven years of life. We believe that such effects may indeed be demonstrable though slight. In the quoted study, Hardy and Mellits1 established 88 pairs of children of matched smoking and nonsmoking mothers.

Collagen types IX and X in the developing chick tibiotarsus: analyses of mRNAs and proteins

Development ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.F. Linsenmayer ◽  
Q.A. Chen ◽  
E. Gibney ◽  
M.K. Gordon ◽  
J.K. Marchant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Embryonic Chick ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Type X Collagen ◽  
Collagen Types ◽  
Marrow Cavity ◽  
Cartilage Development ◽  
Collagen Protein

To examine the regulation of collagen types IX and X during the hypertrophic phase of endochondral cartilage development, we have employed in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence histochemistry on selected stages of embryonic chick tibiotarsi. The data show that mRNA for type X collagen appears at or about the time that we detect the first appearance of the protein. This result is incompatible with translational regulation, which would require accumulation of the mRNA to occur at an appreciably earlier time. Data on later-stage embryos demonstrate that once hypertrophic chondrocytes initiate synthesis of type X collagen, they sustain high levels of its mRNA during the remainder of the hypertrophic program. This suggests that these cells maintain their integrity until close to the time that they are removed at the advancing marrow cavity. Type X collagen protein in the hypertrophic matrix also extends to the marrow cavity. Type IX collagen is found throughout the hypertrophic matrix, as well as throughout the younger cartilaginous matrices. But the mRNA for this molecule is largely or completely absent from the oldest hypertrophic cells. These data are consistent with a model that we have previously proposed in which newly synthesized type X collagen within the hypertrophic zone can become associated with type II/IX collagen fibrils synthesized and deposited earlier in development (Schmid and Linsenmayer, 1990; Chen et al. 1990).

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS OF POTENT ANTAGONISTS FOR THE NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE CLEARANCE RECEPTOR

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 387
Author(s):  
Elaref Ratemi
Keyword(s):  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Autosomal Dominant Disorder ◽  
Cartilage Growth ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Clearance Receptor ◽  
Cartilage Growth Plate ◽  
Selection Of

Objectives: The objective of this research was to design and prepare natriuretic peptide clearance receptor (NPR-C) clearance receptor antagonists with potential therapy for achondroplasia, an autosomal dominant disorder that interferes with the synthesis of the cartilage growth plate of long bones.Methods: Peptides were synthesized by the standard solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) protocol on Rink resin using the N-Fmoc/t-butyl protection methodology. Biological activity of NPR-C antagonists was assessed using ATDC5 cells.Results: SPPS rapidly generated many crude compounds with purities exceeding 80%. The synthesized ligands were further purified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and their identities were confirmed by MS and nuclear magnetic resonance. Ligands with nanomolar potencies were obtained.Conclusion: Structure-activity relationship studies resulted in a good selection of stable, low nanomolar, and linear NPR-C antagonists.

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