Psychopharmacology in the mentally retarded individual: New approaches, new directions

1989 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy M. Rivinus ◽  
Laura M. Grofer ◽  
Carl Feinstein ◽  
Rowland P. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Retarded Individual

A System of Services for the Mentally Retarded Offender

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank J. Menolascino
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
The United States ◽  
Young Offender ◽  
Community Based ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Correctional Programs ◽  
Community Based Programs ◽  
Correctional System

Throughout the United States and Canada, community-based programs for the retarded are being expanded, as are alternative correctional programs for the young offender. But for the men tally retarded offender no such new approaches have been de vised ; he is still relegated to, and unwanted by, both the tradition al correctional system and the institutions for the retarded.

scholarly journals Fasiliterende kommunikasie met die verstandelik vertraagde persoon tydens die behandeling van geringe ongesteldhede

Curationis ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Scrooby ◽  
SD Roos ◽  
AC Gmeiner
Keyword(s):  
Close Contact ◽  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Effective Communication ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Community Nurse ◽  
Contextual Design ◽  
Minor Ailments ◽  
Retarded Individual ◽  
Treatment Of Wounds

The research objectives were to explore and describe the nature of communication with the mentally retarded adult during treatment of minor ailments; and to describe guidelines for the community nurse in order to facilitate more effective communication during the treatment of minor ailments in the mentally retarded adult for the promotion, maintenance and restoration of the mentally retarded individual’s health. The community nurse pays attention to the protection of the mentally retarded individual’s health, and identifies and treats minor ailments encountered by the mentally retarded individual. Because of the disability of the adults, lacking communication and obstacles in the exchange and interpretation of communication, could take place between the community nurse and the mentally retarded adult. The responsibility lies with the community nurse to facilitate effective communication, since the mentally retarded individual is not always capable of speaking on his/her own behalf. Guidelines are needed for the facilitation of effective communication between the community nurse and the mentally retarded adult during the treatment of minor ailments. In this research, use were made of a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual design. The research method consisted of participative observation during which video recording and the taking of field notes were applied. Two themes were identified during data analysis, namely: ^Verbal communication is aimed at the treatment of wounds. The more functional and task-orientated the community nurse’s interaction with the mentally retarded individual, the more the mentally retarded individual would generate symptoms to establish emotional contact and interaction; The non-verbal behaviour of the community nurse focuses on the treatment of wounds and organisation of the environment. The more structure is created, the more play-out-behaviour is shown by the mentally retarded individual in need of contact. The researcher came to the conclusion that the community nurse refrains form near/close contact with the mentally retarded individual, to bridge her own discomfort. The community nurse is “busy” with the act of treating wounds, in order to refrain from effective interaction.

Representations and representational specificity in speech perception and spoken word recognition

2007 ◽  
pp. 2-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Pisoni ◽  
Susannah V. Levi
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Lexical Knowledge ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Abstract Representations ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Learning And Adaptation ◽  
New Framework

This article examines how new approaches—coupled with previous insights—provide a new framework for questions that deal with the nature of phonological and lexical knowledge and representation, processing of stimulus variability, and perceptual learning and adaptation. First, it outlines the traditional view of speech perception and identifies some problems with assuming such a view, in which only abstract representations exist. The article then discusses some new approaches to speech perception that retain detailed information in the representations. It also considers a view which rejects abstraction altogether, but shows that such a view has difficulty dealing with a range of linguistic phenomena. After providing a brief discussion of some new directions in linguistics that encode both detailed information and abstraction, the article concludes by discussing the coupling of speech perception and spoken word recognition.

scholarly journals Physical mechanisms and methods employed in drug delivery to tumors

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erim Bešić
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Delivery Strategies

Physical mechanisms and methods employed in drug delivery to tumorsIn addition to several well-known drug delivery strategies developed to facilitate effective chemotherapy with anticancer agents, some new approaches have been recently established, based on specific effects arising from the applications of ultrasound, magnetic and electric fields on drug delivery systems. This paper gives an overview of newly developed methods of drug delivery to tumors and of the related anticancer therapies based on the combined use of different physical methods and specific drug carriers. The conventional strategies and new approaches have been put into perspective to revisit the existing and to propose new directions to overcome the threatening problem of cancer diseases.

Mental Retardation—A Handbook for the Primary Physician. A Report of the American Medical Association Conference on Mental Retardation, Chicago, April 9-11, 1964

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-131
Author(s):  
GERALD D. LAVECK
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Child Care ◽  
American Medical Association ◽  
Medical Association ◽  
American Medical ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Task Forces ◽  
Primary Physician ◽  
Retarded Individual

In recognition of the upsurge of interest in mental retardation, the Council on Mental Health and the Committee on Maternal and Child Care of the American Medical Association recently convened a group of 175 experts in mental retardation. Grouped in fourteen task forces, these authorities met in Chicago in April, 1964, to draw up guidelines to aid the practicing physican in meeting the needs of the mentally retarded individual and his family. This handbook is the result of the work of these task forces.

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